Abstract
Autisme merupakan kondisi perkembangan saraf yang dapat berpengaruh pada berbagai ranah perkembangan anak, termasuk komunikasi, interaksi sosial, perhatian, dan keterampilan motorik. Salah satu kemampuan yang dapat mengalami hambatan adalah motorik halus, yaitu kemampuan menggunakan otot-otot kecil secara terkoordinasi untuk melakukan aktivitas yang memerlukan ketepatan gerak. Hambatan tersebut dapat memengaruhi keterlibatan anak dalam kegiatan belajar maupun aktivitas sehari-hari. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis perubahan kemampuan motorik halus seorang siswa autis di Islamic Kids House Buah Hati Kita Jember setelah memperoleh stimulasi melalui permainan pipe block. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode Single Subject Research (SSR) dan desain A-B. Subjek penelitian merupakan siswa autis TK A berinisial NA yang menunjukkan hambatan pada keterampilan motorik halus. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi dan tes perbuatan, kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif menggunakan grafik serta analisis dalam kondisi dan antar kondisi. Persentase kemampuan pada fase baseline berturut-turut adalah 40%, 45%, dan 55%. Pada fase intervensi, persentase meningkat menjadi 65%, 75%, 80%, 80%, dan 85%. Analisis antar kondisi memperlihatkan perubahan level sebesar 10% dengan persentase overlap 0%. Pola tersebut menunjukkan adanya peningkatan performa setelah intervensi diberikan. Dengan demikian, pipe block berpotensi menjadi media pembelajaran konkret yang dapat digunakan untuk memberikan latihan motorik halus pada siswa autis. Autism is a neurodevelopmental condition that can affect various domains of a child's development, including communication, social interaction, attention, and motor skills. One of the abilities that may be impaired is fine motor skills, which refer to the coordinated use of small muscles to perform activities requiring precise movements. These difficulties can affect children's participation in learning activities and daily life tasks. This study aimed to analyze changes in the fine motor skills of an autistic student at Islamic Kids House Buah Hati Kita Jember after receiving stimulation through pipe block play activities. The study employed a quantitative approach using the Single Subject Research (SSR) method with an A-B design. The research subject was an autistic kindergarten student (TK A), identified by the initials NA, who demonstrated difficulties in fine motor skills. Data were collected through observation and performance tests, then analyzed descriptively using graphical analysis, within-condition analysis, and between-condition analysis. The percentages of performance during the baseline phase were 40%, 45%, and 55%, respectively. During the intervention phase, the percentages increased to 65%, 75%, 80%, 80%, and 85%. Between-condition analysis showed a level change of 10% with an overlap percentage of 0%. This pattern indicates an improvement in performance following the intervention. Therefore, pipe blocks have the potential to serve as a concrete instructional medium for providing fine motor skill training to autistic students.
