Abstract
Electric vehicle development in Indonesia supports the energy transition but still faces regulatory fragmentation, overlapping authority, and environmental risks across the battery supply chain. This study examines Green Regulatory Governance and the synchronization of environmental regulations governing Battery Electric Vehicles. It employs normative legal research using statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches. The findings show that Presidential Regulation No. 55 of 2019 and Presidential Regulation No. 79 of 2023 provide a progressive regulatory framework, yet cross-sector coordination, infrastructure distribution, upstream environmental impacts, and battery waste management require further strengthening. The study proposes an Integrated Green Regulatory Governance Framework combining regulatory harmonization, environmental accountability, Extended Producer Responsibility, and circular economy principles to support a sustainable energy transition.
