Abstract
Port digital transformation requires not only adequate technological infrastructure but also human resources capable of operating it optimally. This study aims to analyze the effect of technology readiness and human resource digital competence on the operational efficiency of Belawan Port, both partially and simultaneously. The research employed a quantitative survey with a causal associative approach. The population comprised 3,883 port workers, and 99 respondents were selected through purposive sampling using the Slovin formula. Data were collected using an online questionnaire with a five-point Likert scale, tested for validity through Pearson Product Moment correlation and for reliability through Cronbach's Alpha, then analyzed using classical assumption tests and multiple linear regression with SPSS version 26. The results indicate that technology readiness has a positive and significant effect on operational efficiency (t = 4.852; sig. 0.000), and digital competence also exerts a positive and significant effect (t = 7.340; sig. 0.000) with a more dominant contribution. Simultaneously, both variables significantly affect operational efficiency (F = 240.439; sig. 0.000), explaining 83.4% of its variance. These findings confirm that improving port operational efficiency requires an integrated strategy combining technological strengthening and digital competence development.
