Abstract:This article aims to analyze the scientific content in the field of Ancient Mesopotamian ziggurat architecture presented in the History textbook of the 2009 School-Based Curriculum by Tarunasena M. This study uses a qualitative…
itative approach with a content analysis method to examine historical discourse related to the development of science, technology, and civilization in Mesopotamia, especially in the Sumerians, Assyrians, and Chaldeans. The results of the Analysis show that the narrative in the textbook has included a representation of the progress of Mesopotamian civilization through orderly urban planning, the use of clay building materials, mastery of arithmetic and geometry, metal processing, the construction of ziggurats as religious and political symbols, the establishment of libraries as centers of knowledge, and the creation of monumental architectural works such as the Hanging Gardens of Babylon. These findings indicate that textbooks play an important role in transmitting to students the values of scientific progress, innovation, and the heritage of civilization.
Abstract:This research discusses the concepts of i’rab and ‘amil in Arabic grammar and examines the methodological differences between the Basra and Kufa schools as the two primary streams in the construction of nahwu (syntax). I’rab…
). I’rab is understood as the changes in the vowels at the end of words influenced by the presence of an ‘amil (governor) and the word's position within the sentence structure, thus playing a vital role in preserving meaning and syntactic order in the Arabic language. This study employs a qualitative approach with a library research method, tracing primary sources from the works of classical scholars and secondary sources from modern studies. Data analysis was conducted using content and comparative analysis methods to identify the epistemological characteristics of both schools. The results of the study show that the Basra school is prescriptive, rational, and selective regarding linguistic sources, whereas the Kufa school is more descriptive, flexible, and open to various speech patterns, including those considered syadz (irregular). These differing approaches impact how both schools understand and formulate the rules of i’rab and ‘amil. This study concludes that both schools provided distinct yet complementary contributions to the development of Arabic nahwu, where Basra played a role in theoretical standardization and Kufa contributed to the preservation of linguistic reality. These findings emphasize that the understanding of i’rab is not only related to grammatical aspects but is also supported by historical and epistemological perspectives within the scientific tradition of the Arabic language.
Abstract:The development of digital technology and changes in the global work environment, particularly post-pandemic, have encouraged organizations to adopt remote and hybrid work systems. The successful implementation of these…
work systems is determined not only by technological readiness but also by organizational and individual factors. This study aims to analyze the influence of transformational leadership style and organizational culture on readiness to adapt to remote work, and to examine the mediating role of individual digital readiness in this relationship. This study uses a quantitative approach with an explanatory method. Data were collected through a Likert-scale-based questionnaire distributed online to employees working in remote or hybrid work systems using a purposive sampling technique. Data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and PROCESS macro to test the direct relationship and mediation effects between variables. The results of this study are expected to provide theoretical contributions to the development of literature related to leadership, organizational culture, and individual digital readiness, as well as provide practical implications for organizations in designing leadership strategies, strengthening organizational culture, and developing digital competencies to improve readiness to adapt to remote work effectively and sustainably.
Abstract:Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) continues to be the predominant cause of global mortality. Polypill techniques that integrate various cardiovascular drugs into a single formulation have emerged as a potential method…
thod for primary prevention, especially in intermediate-risk populations.
Objective: To systematically review and synthesize evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of polypill formulations (comprising antihypertensive medications, statins, with or without aspirin) in comparison to standard care or placebo for the primary prevention of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in intermediate-risk populations.
Methods: We conducted systematic review and meta-analysis in accordance with PRISMA 2020 standards (Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO CRD420251184718). Various databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, Scopus) were examined for original research published from January 2015 to October 2024. Studies were eligible if they assessed polypill therapies in individuals aged 30 to 70 years with intermediate cardiovascular risk (10-20% 10-year risk), reported composite major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) outcomes, and included a minimum follow-up of 6 months. Two independent reviewers conducted screening, data extraction, and risk of bias evaluation utilizing the Cochrane RoB 2.0 tool.
Results: Of the 161 records discovered, 4 randomized controlled studies (HOPE-3, TIPS-3, PolyIran, PolyPars) with 31,501 people fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Polypill therapies showed a substantial decrease in composite MACE relative to control groups (pooled HR 0.67 (95% CI 0.60-0.75, p<0.001). Individual trial hazard ratios varied from 0.50 (PolyPars) to 0.66 (PolyIran) and 0.79 (TIPS-3) with moderate heterogeneity (I²=35.2%, p=0.20). Polypills were generally well- tolerated, with a safety profile consistent with the individual components. Medication adherence was enhanced with the polypill in comparison to multiple-pill regimens.
Conclusions: Polypill techniques markedly reduce major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in intermediate-risk patients for primary cardiovascular prevention, achieving around a 33% relative risk reduction. The fixed-dose combination strategy provides benefits in compliance and ease of use. These findings hold significant implications for healthcare systems in low-to-
middle-income nations, such as Indonesia, where the burden of cardiovascular disease is substantial and access to long-term cardiovascular drugs is frequently hindered by cost and complexity.
Abstract:This study is a quantitative research aimed at determining the effect of leadership style and work discipline on employee performance at PDAM Tirta Jeneberang in Gowa Regency. The sample was taken from PDAM Tirta Jeneberang…
ang in Gowa Regency. The type of data used in this study is quantitative data obtained from questionnaires distributed and related to the issues under study. The sampling technique used in this study was the Slovin formula. The sample processed in this study consisted of 80 people. Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires. In this study, the data sources used in data collection included primary and secondary data. The research instrument used in this study was the Likert scale method. The results of the study were processed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 27 application. Based on the results of the study, it was found that leadership style and work discipline had a positive and significant effect on employee performance.
Abstract:This research is motivated by the existence of problems in learning, especially in class V of SD Negeri 105288 Sei Rotan. Through the results of observations and interviews, it was found that the results of students' science…
ence learning are classified as low. In addition, student participation is low and passive. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the application of the Brain Based Learning (BBL) learning model on the results of science learning of class V students of SD Neri 105288 Sei Rotan. The type of research used is quantitative research with a nonequivalent control group design. The population in this study were class V students of SD Negeri 105288 Sei Rotan with a sample of class VA totaling 24 people as the experimental class and VB totaling 24 people as the control class. Based on the results of the study, the average pretest score of students was 52.33 in the experimental class before being given treatment. After treatment using the BBL learning model, the results of the posttest score of students were 71.25. Furthermore, a t-test was conducted which showed the results of the Sig. value. (2 tailed) 0.000 < 0.05, then H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. These results indicate that there is a significant influence of the application of the Brain Based Learning (BBL) learning model on the science learning outcomes of fifth grade students of SD Negeri 105288 Sei Rotan.
Abstract:The purpose of this study is to explain the Early Islamization Pattern in Southeast Asia: Its Contribution to Global Peace Efforts. This study uses the Constructive Critical History Method. This historical science is a…
a new historical science that focuses on problem solving and finding solutions to problems so that humans as historical actors can enjoy a better life in the present and in the future. This research finds that the “Pattern of Islamization of Trade and Civilizational Dialogue” is the “Early Pattern of Islamization in Southeast Asia.” This pattern took place from the end of the 7th century to the beginning of the 16th century. The agents of Islamization were Islamic traders or Islamic scholars who worked as traders. The weakness of this pattern is that it takes a long time. To achieve good results, this pattern requires the willingness and awareness of both the agents of Islamization and the indigenous population in undergoing the process of Islamization. This pattern does not have a negative impact on innocent Muslims and non-Muslims or those who live elsewhere. This pattern is carried out in a healthy and friendly manner that does not trigger cases of Islamophobia. Conclusion. This research contributes to overcoming the global impasse in addressing the crises, conflicts, wars, and disasters that emerged after COVID-19.
Abstract:Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are commonly prescribed to manage asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) due to their local anti-inflammatory effects in the airways. However, prolonged or high-dose ICS use…
has been associated with systemic adverse effects, including decreased bone mineral density (BMD) and increased risk of osteoporosis. This review aimed to examine the association between ICS use and the risk of osteoporosis or fractures, and to identify modifying factors such as dose, duration, patient age, sex, and type of corticosteroid used. Literature review was conducted using databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Articles were selected using specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. The review focused on original studies published up to March 2025, resulting in 28 relevant articles, of which 6–8 high-quality studies were analyzed in depth. Most studies demonstrated that long-term or high-dose ICS use is associated with decreased BMD and increased risk of fractures, especially in elderly COPD patients. The greatest risk was linked to fluticasone and budesonide at doses ≥500 µg/day. Some studies found neutral or even protective effects in specific subgroups, indicating population-dependent variability. Meta-analyses revealed conflicting results due to heterogeneity in populations and methodologies. High-dose and long-term ICS use may increase the risk of osteoporosis. Clinicians should consider individualized risk assessments and adopt strategies such as using the lowest effective dose, monitoring BMD, and providing calcium and vitamin D supplementation in at-risk populations.
Abstract:This study examines the concept of social solidarity and religious values, especially those contained in the Qur'an. Social solidarity has long been the focus of discussion in various disciplines, ranging from sociology,…
political science, to Islamic studies. In the midst of the increasingly complex dynamics of urbanization in Indonesia, the question of how religious values, especially those contained in the Qur'an, can encourage collective action based on social justice is very relevant. By examining in depth the relationship between the teachings of the Qur'an and social solidarity, this article contributes to the development of social theory and practice in urban Indonesian society. It is hoped that the findings and recommendations presented can be a reference for academics, researchers, and policymakers in formulating strategies for integrating Islamic values into contemporary social dynamics, so that in the end it can produce a more just, inclusive, and dignified society. The results of the study show that there is a strong integration between the theological message in the Qur'an and the dynamics of social interaction, as well as its implications in the formation of pro-people public policy. Thus, the conceptual framework proposed in this study not only makes a theoretical contribution to the development of Islamic studies and sociology, but also offers practical recommendations that are applicable to the strengthening of social solidarity in the modern era. This study suggests that further studies can explore more empirical aspects, involving field data and participatory analysis, to ensure that the values of the Qur'an are truly integrated into social life and public policy as a whole. This research invites further dialogue between stakeholders in an effort to realize solid social solidarity, as a tangible manifestation of the application of the principles of goodness and justice enshrined in the Qur'an.
Abstract:This study illustrates the meaning of learning based on Malay ethnopedagogy through the integration of the Tepuk Tepung Tawar tradition into the topic of human growth and development in the Science subject for Grade V of…
Elementary School in Pekanbaru. A descriptive qualitative approach was used, with data collection techniques including observation, classroom discussions, field notes, and student worksheets (LKPD). The results of the study show that the implementation of the Tepuk Tepung Tawar tradition in learning has a positive impact on students’ holistic understanding, covering biological, social, and spiritual aspects. Students were able to connect scientific concepts with cultural experiences, showed increased enthusiasm, and gained an understanding of values such as mutual cooperation, natural balance, and spirituality. These findings affirm that culture-based learning can enhance engagement, deepen the meaning of the material, and holistically shape students' character.