Abstract:This research discusses the concepts of i’rab and ‘amil in Arabic grammar and examines the methodological differences between the Basra and Kufa schools as the two primary streams in the construction of nahwu (syntax). I’rab…
). I’rab is understood as the changes in the vowels at the end of words influenced by the presence of an ‘amil (governor) and the word's position within the sentence structure, thus playing a vital role in preserving meaning and syntactic order in the Arabic language. This study employs a qualitative approach with a library research method, tracing primary sources from the works of classical scholars and secondary sources from modern studies. Data analysis was conducted using content and comparative analysis methods to identify the epistemological characteristics of both schools. The results of the study show that the Basra school is prescriptive, rational, and selective regarding linguistic sources, whereas the Kufa school is more descriptive, flexible, and open to various speech patterns, including those considered syadz (irregular). These differing approaches impact how both schools understand and formulate the rules of i’rab and ‘amil. This study concludes that both schools provided distinct yet complementary contributions to the development of Arabic nahwu, where Basra played a role in theoretical standardization and Kufa contributed to the preservation of linguistic reality. These findings emphasize that the understanding of i’rab is not only related to grammatical aspects but is also supported by historical and epistemological perspectives within the scientific tradition of the Arabic language.
Abstract:This research aims to explain the structural relations between al-idhāfah, al-naʿt, and al-tawkīd in Arabic syntax and to delineate how their interaction influences meaning formation and functional distribution within the…
the nominal phrase. This study is conducted because previous research has tended to discuss these three elements separately, resulting in a lack of an integrated analytical model that describes the hierarchical and semantic relationships between them. The study employs a qualitative-descriptive approach, analyzing data drawn from classical nahwu texts, modern Arabic corpora, and relevant contemporary research. Data were classified based on the patterns of element occurrence and analyzed through structural syntactic analysis methods to identify their functions, positions, and i‘rāb (inflectional) implications. The results indicate that idhāfah serves as a marker of possessive relations and semantic restriction, naʿt functions to provide descriptive modification that clarifies the referent, and tawkīd reinforces the reference both structurally and semantically. These three form dependency patterns that influence each other when present within a single phrasal construction. The novelty of this research lies in the formulation of an integrative relational model that combines syntactic functions, hierarchical structures, and semantic implications into a single operational analytical framework. This model provides a more comprehensive understanding compared to previous fragmentary studies. These findings have important implications for the teaching of nahwu, the analysis of modern Arabic discourse, and the development of computational linguistic applications that require more accurate mapping of nominal structures.
Abstract:This study aims to develop a character building affirmation learning model based on a deep learning approach in the context of Indonesian language learning at the Junior High School (SMP) level. This approach emphasizes…
strengthening conceptual understanding and internalization of character values through reflective, collaborative, and meaningful learning activities. The study used the Design and Development Research (DDR) method with a 4D development model: Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate. The research subjects consisted of grade VIII students and Indonesian language teachers at SMP. Data collection techniques included observation, interviews, documentation, expert validation, and questionnaires to students and teachers. The validation results by three experts—character education, educational technology, and Indonesian language teachers—showed that this model is very valid, with an average score of 90% in the content, construct, and technology aspects. A limited trial conducted on 30 grade VIII students showed that 87% of students felt that this model made it easier for them to understand character values in depth. In addition, teachers considered this model practical, interactive, and able to increase students' active involvement in the learning process. These findings indicate that the affirmation character building model based on deep learning is not only effective in building attitude competencies and understanding of values, but is also relevant to be applied in Indonesian language learning. This model has the potential to be an innovative approach in technology-based character education that supports pedagogical transformation at the junior high school level
Abstract:This study examines the multimodality elements in the film My Annoying Brother by Dinna Jasanti using a digital distribution approach to understand how visual, auditory, and verbal elements interact to form narrative meaning.…
ning. The purpose of this study is to identify the influence of digital distribution on the audience experience and how multimodal elements are delivered through digital platforms. Using a descriptive qualitative analysis method, data were collected through direct observation of the film and analysis of the elements that make up the film. The results show that the film utilizes visual elements such as image composition and color, auditory elements such as music and sound effects, and in-depth dialogue to develop characters and narratives. In addition, digital distribution through streaming platforms gives the audience greater control over the viewing experience, allowing them to engage more deeply with the film. This study provides new insights into the influence of digital distribution on how multimodal elements are received by the audience, as well as its contribution to the study of multimodality in film.
Abstract:This research is motivated by the low level of compliance of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in preparing financial reports in accordance with applicable accounting standards. This study aims to understand the…
he meaning of financial reporting requirements for MSMEs, analyze behavioral aspects that influence compliance with financial reporting, and examine the use of financial reports in the business decision-making process. This study uses a qualitative approach with a phenomenological method. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews with MSMEs and analyzed thematically to explore the informants' subjective experiences. The results show that MSMEs interpret financial reporting as a simple recording tool that functions to control cash flow and business continuity, rather than as a formal administrative obligation. Compliance with financial reporting is influenced by the perception of ease, experience, and habits of business actors. Furthermore, financial reports are used only to a limited extent in business decision-making and are often combined with intuition and personal experience. These findings emphasize the need for a behavioral approach to improve the quality of MSME financial reporting.
Abstract:This research aims to develop Indonesian learning tools based on the Deep Learning approach to improve critical thinking skills and mastery of language concepts of elementary school students. The research was carried out…
ut at SDN 16 Bangkala, Jeneponto Regency, in the odd semester of the 2025/2026 school year with 25 subjects in grade IV. The development model used is the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) model. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews, questionnaires, and learning outcome tests. The validation results of three experts showed that the teaching modules developed were classified as very valid with an average feasibility level of 89%. The implementation of learning using Deep Learning syntax (Engage, Explore, Explain, Elaborate, Evaluate) shows an increase in student activity and involvement in the learning process. Based on the results of the data analysis, the average value of critical thinking skills increased from 61.2 to 83.6 with an N-Gain of 0.58 (medium-high category), while the mastery of language concepts increased from 63.4 to 86.8 with an N-Gain of 0.63 (high category). The results of the t-test showed p < 0.05 which means that there was a significant increase after the implementation of Deep Learning-based learning. Thus, it can be concluded that the Indonesian teaching module based on the Deep Learning approach is effective in improving students' critical thinking skills and mastery of language concepts. This approach is able to create learning that is aware, meaningful, and fun, and in line with the principles of the Independent Curriculum which emphasizes differentiated and student-centered learning.
Abstract:This study aims to examine the effect of financial attitude and accounting information systems on business sustainability, with financial literacy as a mediating variable, among Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs)…
s) in Gorontalo City. This research adopts a quantitative approach using a causal survey design. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 100 MSME owners in Gorontalo City and analyzed using Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS 4. The results indicate that financial attitude has a positive and significant effect on business sustainability. Meanwhile, accounting information systems do not have a significant direct effect on business sustainability. Furthermore, financial literacy is not able to mediate the relationship between financial attitude and business sustainability. However, financial literacy significantly mediates the relationship between accounting information systems and business sustainability. These findings suggest that business sustainability among MSMEs is strongly influenced by internal financial behavior and competencies. Financial literacy plays a crucial role in transforming accounting information into meaningful managerial decisions that support long-term business sustainability. This study contributes to the Resource-Based View (RBV) theory by highlighting financial literacy as a strategic intangible resource for MSMEs.
Abstract:This research aims to determine the effect of the implementation of e-attendance on the discipline of State Civil Apparatus (ASN) at the Regional Personnel Agency of Gorontalo Province. This research uses a quantitative…
approach with a sample of 80 State Civil Apparatus members. The data types in this study are both primary and secondary. Data collection was done by distributing questionnaires to employees at the Regional Personnel Agency of Gorontalo Province. Data analysis was performed using simple linear regression analysis, with data processing conducted using SPSS 25. The results of this research show that e-attendance has a positive effect on the discipline of State Civil Apparatus in the Regional Personnel Agency of Gorontalo Province, with an R Square value of 0.608, meaning that 60.8% of ASN discipline is influenced by e-attendance, while the remaining 39.2% is influenced by variables not included in this study.
Abstract:This study investigates how Word of Mouth, service quality, and brand image influence B2B customer loyalty at As-Syifaa Pharmacy in Majalengka, with customer satisfaction acting as a mediating variable. A quantitative approach…
proach was applied using the SEM-PLS method, drawing on data from 300 purposively selected customers. The analysis included measurement of validity and reliability, followed by structural model testing to identify both direct and indirect relationships among variables. The findings reveal that Word of Mouth, service quality, and brand image each play a meaningful role in enhancing customer satisfaction, which in turn becomes the strongest predictor of customer loyalty. Satisfaction was also found to mediate the effects of the three antecedent variables, either fully or partially, highlighting its central role in shaping long-term business relationships. These results indicate that building B2B customer loyalty requires more than consistent operational performance; it also depends on maintaining a credible brand reputation and fostering positive relational communication within the business network. Based on these insights, the study recommends strengthening service standards, reinforcing brand consistency, and managing interpersonal communication to support sustainable loyalty among B2B partners.
Abstract:The background of this research is based on the need to improve the quality of education and the demand for teacher professionalism in facing the dynamic challenges of school management. At SMK Negeri 1 Majalengka, the effectiveness…
ffectiveness of the principal’s leadership and the quality of internal communication are considered two important factors that may play a strategic role in enhancing teacher performance. These conditions highlight the need for empirical analysis to determine the extent to which these two aspects contribute to the achievement of teacher performance.
This study aims to examine the description of principal leadership, internal communication, and teacher performance at SMK Negeri 1 Majalengka, as well as to analyze the influence of principal leadership on teacher performance, the influence of internal communication on teacher performance, and the influence of both variables on teacher performance. Thus, this research not only describes the actual conditions but also tests the relationships between the variables under study.
The research employed descriptive and correlational methods. The study population consisted of all 141 teachers at SMK Negeri 1 Majalengka. The sample was determined using the Slovin formula, resulting in 104 respondents selected through proportional sampling. The research instrument was a questionnaire that had undergone validity and reliability testing. Data analysis was carried out to determine the strength of the relationships between variables and to test the research hypotheses.
The results indicate that principal leadership falls into the very competent category, internal communication is carried out high effectively, and teacher performance is categorized as very high. Correlational analysis findings show that principal leadership (X₁) has a significant influence on teacher performance, and internal communication (X₂) also has a significant influence on teacher performance. Simultaneously, both independent variables have a meaningful effect on improving teacher performance at SMK Negeri 1 Majalengka.
The implications of this study show that improving teacher performance can be achieved through strengthening principal leadership and implementing effective internal communication. Therefore, schools are advised to continuously build open and collaborative communication patterns and optimize leadership roles in providing direction, support, and exemplary behavior for teachers.