Abstract:This study aims to analyze and formulate a concept of Islamic legal protection for crypto investors in responding to the dynamics of digital crimes within virtual currency transactions. Departing from the rapid development…
nt of blockchain technology and the recognition of crypto assets as tradable commodities in Indonesia, this research identifies a normative ambiguity between positive law and religious fatwas, particularly concerning the permissibility and legal legitimacy of cryptocurrencies from a sharia perspective. The inherent characteristics of crypto assets-namely volatility, speculative tendencies, and vulnerability to digital crimes such as hacking, fraud, market manipulation, and money laundering-generate significant risks for Muslim investors. Within the framework of fiqh al-muʿāmalāt and maqāṣid al-sharīʿah, especially the principle of ḥifẓ al-māl (protection of wealth), this study asserts that investor protection constitutes not merely a regulatory necessity but an integral dimension of the higher objectives of Islamic law in safeguarding justice, transparency, and economic welfare. Methodologically, this research employs a normative-maqāṣidī approach through an interdisciplinary analysis integrating Islamic jurisprudence, national positive law, and the study of digital financial technology. The focus of the inquiry is directed toward identifying the typologies of digital crimes within the crypto ecosystem, evaluating the effectiveness of national regulations and religious fatwas, and formulating a model of Islamic legal protection that is preventive, corrective, and educational in nature. The expected outcome of this dissertation is the construction of a conceptual framework of ḥimāyah al-mustatsmir (investor protection) grounded in maqāṣid al-sharīʿah, adaptive to the digital era, and strengthened through synergy among the state, financial authorities, and fatwa institutions. Accordingly, this study contributes not only to the advancement of contemporary fiqh al-muʿāmalāt discourse but also offers an applicable normative framework for the development of a secure, equitable, and sustainable sharia-based digital economic system.
Abstract:This research is motivated by the issue of the effectiveness of witness and victim protection within the Indonesian criminal justice system, which is considered not yet to fully reflect the values of restorative justice…
nor to be harmoniously integrated into the framework of the national legal system. Although regulatory frameworks have been established through Law Number 13 of 2006 as amended by Law Number 31 of 2014 concerning the Protection of Witnesses and Victims, as well as various regulations related to whistleblower and justice collaborator protection, their implementation continues to face normative and structural weaknesses. The lack of synchronization between the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP), the Draft Criminal Procedure Code (RUU KUHAP), and other sectoral regulations has resulted in the suboptimal role of the Witness and Victim Protection Agency (LPSK) in guaranteeing the rights of witnesses, victims, perpetrator-witnesses, and reporters, particularly in criminal cases with broad and organized impacts. From the perspective of maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah and the Pancasila Justice Theory, legal protection for witnesses and victims should not be merely procedural-formal in nature, but must be directed toward the restoration of dignity, the assurance of security, and the comprehensive protection of human rights. This study aims to analyze the regulatory weaknesses in witness and victim protection from the perspective of the criminal justice system and to reconstruct such regulations based on restorative justice values. Employing a normative legal research paradigm combined with conceptual, statutory, and theoretical approaches, this research positions the Pancasila Justice Theory as the grand theory, the Legal System Theory as the middle theory, and the Legal Protection Theory as the applied theory. The findings indicate that regulatory reconstruction is necessary through strengthening the institutional position of LPSK, harmonizing it with the Draft Criminal Procedure Code (RUU KUHAP), and reinforcing the protection of whistleblowers and justice collaborators in a more comprehensive and non-discriminatory manner. This reconstruction is directed toward establishing a witness and victim protection system oriented toward restoration (restorative justice), balanced interests among the parties, and the realization of social justice as mandated by the values of Pancasila and human rights principles.
Abstract:This study aims to analyze the effect of Quick Ratio (QR), Debt to Asset Ratio (DAR), and Return on Assets (ROA) on firm value as measured by Price to Book Value (PBV) in consumer non-cyclical sector companies listed on…
the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2021–2024 period. The consumer non-cyclical sector was selected because it consists of companies producing essential goods with relatively stable demand, making it an important sector in the national economy. This research employed a quantitative approach using secondary data obtained from the annual financial statements of companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The sampling technique used purposive sampling, resulting in 196 observations. Data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression analysis with SPSS software, preceded by classical assumption tests including normality, multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity, and autocorrelation tests. The results show that partially, Quick Ratio has no significant effect on firm value, indicating that short-term liquidity is not the main consideration for investors in assessing company value. Debt to Asset Ratio also has no significant effect on firm value, meaning that the level of debt dependence does not directly determine market valuation. Meanwhile, Return on Assets has a positive and significant effect on firm value, indicating that profitability is the main factor influencing investor confidence and market value. Simultaneously, Quick Ratio, Debt to Asset Ratio, and Return on Assets have a significant effect on firm value. The coefficient of determination (R²) value of 0.510 indicates that 51.0% of firm value variation can be explained by the three independent variables, while the remaining 49.0% is explained by other factors outside this study.
Abstract:This research examines the manifestation of syncretism in Dusun Catak, Kebonagung Village, Sumowono District, Semarang Regency, with a focus on the tradition of offering sesajen and its interaction with Islamic teachings.…
. The aims of this research are to understand how syncretism is manifested in the lives of the Dusun Catak community, to comprehend the history of Dusun Catak, and to analyze the Islamic perspective on the practice of offering sesajen carried out by the Dusun Catak community. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method, combining literature study by exploring previous research, conducting direct observations at the research location for four days, and performing in-depth interviews with several informants. The results show that syncretism in Dusun Catak is manifested in a unique form, where the tradition of sesajen adapts to Islamic teachings. The Dusun Catak community also preserves the village's historical traditions by passing them down through generations. The placement of sesajen is carried out in specific locations. The practice of offering sesajen is regarded as a form of local wisdom that is not perceived as deviating from religious norms by the community; although the offerings are placed in various locations and are associated with respect for the ancestors of the Catak community, the practice is understood as part of a cultural tradition that is integrated with the Islamic values upheld by the community.
Abstract:This study examines the effectiveness of in absentia judgments in the recovery of assets from corruption crimes based on Article 38 of the Law on the Eradication of Corruption Crimes. The background of this study is based…
d on the phenomenon of many corruption defendants who are absent from trial, so that the judicial process continues through the in absentia mechanism. However, the effectiveness of such judgments in supporting the recovery of state financial losses remains a problem, especially in the aspects of execution and the return of assets resulting from corruption crimes. This study uses a normative legal method (normative juridical) with a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The results of the study indicate that normatively, Article 38 of the Anti-Corruption Law provides a valid legal basis for courts to render judgments without the presence of the defendant. However, the effectiveness of such judgments in asset recovery is still not optimal because there are obstacles such as difficulties in tracing assets, transfer of asset ownership, limited coordination among law enforcement institutions, and weak asset tracing mechanisms. In addition, there are also juridical obstacles in the form of the lack of comprehensive technical regulations regarding the execution of assets in in absentia cases. Therefore, strengthening regulations and increasing synergy among law enforcement officers are required so that the objective of recovering state losses can be achieved effectively.
Abstract:This study aims to analyze the urgency and mechanisms of implementing Restorative Justice in resolving family conflicts from the perspective of Islamic Family Law. Amid the high rates of divorce and domestic violence, formal…
rmal litigation approaches often fail to repair fractured relationships among family members. This research employed a qualitative method with a normative juridical approach. Data were collected through literature studies of Islamic legal texts, Indonesian statutory regulations, and related literature on Restorative Justice. The findings indicate that the concept of Restorative Justice has strong relevance to the principle of Ishlah (reconciliation) in Islamic Family Law. Unlike the retributive approach, which focuses on punishment, Restorative Justice prioritizes relationship recovery, forgiveness, and collective welfare. In practice, instruments such as mediation in Religious Courts and the role of Hakam (peace mediators) represent clear manifestations of these restorative values. The study concludes that integrating Restorative Justice into the family law system is not only effective in reducing divorce rates but also capable of preserving the psychological well-being of family members, especially children. The academic contribution of this study lies in providing a theoretical foundation for the development of positive law in Indonesia to become more accommodative toward non-litigation dispute resolution based on religious values and local wisdom. The researcher recommends strengthening technical mediation regulations so that they do not merely become procedural formalities in court.
Abstract:This study aims to develop and examine the effectiveness of religious moderation in digital media based on the Dick and Carey learning model. The research is grounded in the increasing use of digital media as a primary source…
ource of religious information, which has the potential both to strengthen and to undermine the values of religious moderation. The study employed a qualitative approach with a Research and Development (R&D) design. The subjects were university students who actively use digital media. Data collection techniques included interviews, observations, questionnaires, and documentation, while data analysis followed the Miles and Huberman model. The results indicate that students’ understanding of religious moderation remains largely normative and is not yet accompanied by adequate digital literacy skills. The development of the Dick and Carey-based learning model produced interactive digital media, including educational videos, digital modules, and social media content. Implementation of the model demonstrated a significant improvement in students’ comprehension, tolerance, and critical thinking regarding religious content in digital media. Furthermore, the study found that integrating constructivist approaches, social learning, and digital literacy into the learning design effectively reinforced the internalization of religious moderation values. The developed learning model proved effective in enhancing student engagement and fostering inclusive and tolerant attitudes.In conclusion, promoting religious moderation in digital media requires a systematic, technology-based learning approach. This study provides both theoretical and practical contributions to the development of a learning model for religious moderation in the digital era.
Abstract:Laboratory testing plays a crucial role in supporting patient diagnosis and monitoring; therefore, accurate and precise results are essential through the implementation of quality control (QC). Potassium level testing is…
one of the key parameters requiring robust quality control because it is closely linked to patients’ clinical conditions. This study aims to analyze the implementation of QC in potassium level testing using the EasyLyte device at the Kasih Ibu Hospital Laboratory in Surakarta. The research method used was quantitative descriptive with an observational approach using secondary data from QC results for the period from September to November 2025. Analysis was performed by calculating the mean, standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variation (CV), and evaluating the Westgard rules. The results showed that the CV values for normal and abnormal controls were within acceptable limits (≤5%), and no violations of any Westgard rules were found. This indicates that the test results have good precision and there are no deviations, either random or systematic. Overall, the analytical system is in control and the instrument performance is stable. Thus, potassium testing using the EasyLyte instrument meets quality requirements and is suitable for use in laboratory services, while still requiring QC monitoring as well as routine maintenance and calibration.
Abstract:The rapid expansion of the digital economy in Indonesia has significantly transformed business practices and, consequently, the landscape of business dispute resolution. This study presents a critical comparative analysis…
s of arbitration—particularly online arbitration—and conventional court litigation in resolving business disputes in post-digitalization Indonesia. The research focuses on two principal aspects: legal certainty and time efficiency. Using normative juridical analysis supported by relevant legal theories, including Progressive Legal Theory, Development Legal Theory, and Legal Convergence Theory, this study examines the adaptability of dispute resolution mechanisms within the framework of Law Number 30 of 1999 on Arbitration and Alternative Dispute Resolution and related regulations governing electronic court administration. The findings indicate that arbitration, especially through Online Dispute Resolution (ODR), offers greater procedural flexibility, shorter resolution time, and cost efficiency compared to conventional litigation, which remains burdened by rigid procedural stages, administrative complexity, and case backlogs. Digitalization has further enhanced arbitration efficiency by enabling electronic submission of documents, virtual hearings, and digital evidence examination. However, challenges persist, including technological infrastructure limitations, data security concerns, and the need for regulatory harmonization to ensure enforceability and equal legal legitimacy with court decisions. This study concludes that while digital arbitration demonstrates superior time efficiency and practical advantages, regulatory reform and institutional strengthening are essential to guarantee optimal legal certainty in Indonesia’s evolving digital business environment.
Abstract:The rapid development of digital marketing has significantly transformed business strategies, particularly for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). Instagram has evolved beyond a social networking platform into…
a strategic marketing tool equipped with analytical features such as Instagram Insight. This study aims to examine the effect of Instagram Insight utilization on consumer purchase decisions at Rumah Madu, an MSME operating in Bandar Lampung, Indonesia.
This research adopts a quantitative approach using a survey method. Data were collected from 92 respondents through structured questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS version 27. The independent variable is the utilization of Instagram Insight, measured through three dimensions: follower demographic analysis, follower active time analysis, and content performance analysis. The dependent variable is consumer purchase decision. Statistical analysis includes validity and reliability testing, classical assumption tests (normality, multicollinearity, and heteroscedasticity), simple linear regression, t-test, F-test, and coefficient of determination (R²).
The results suggest that Instagram Insight functions primarily as an internal strategic evaluation tool rather than a direct determinant of consumer purchasing behavior. This study contributes to the digital marketing literature by highlighting the gap between analytic tool utilization and actual consumer conversion in MSMEs. Practical implications emphasize the need for better data interpretation skills and integrated marketing strategies beyond analytics usage alone.