Abstract:Gender reassignment that has been legally recognized through a court decision gives rise to legal consequences regarding an individual's civil status, including their position as an heir. Indonesian positive law recognizes…
es changes in legal identity based on a District Court decision for civil registration purposes, whereas Islamic law determines inheritance rights based on an individual's biological sex in accordance with Sharia principles. This difference gives rise to legal issues concerning the inheritance rights of individuals who have undergone gender reassignment. This study aims to analyze the legal basis for gender reassignment under Islamic law, the forms of legal protection for inheritance rights resulting from court-approved gender reassignment, and the distribution of inheritance rights. This research employs a normative legal research method using statutory, conceptual, case, and comparative law approaches. Primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials were collected through library research and analyzed qualitatively using descriptive-analytical methods with deductive reasoning. The findings indicate that Islamic law generally prohibits gender reassignment without medical necessity, considering it a form of taghyir khalqillah (altering God's creation), except in cases of khuntsa musykil, whose biological sex can only be determined through accountable medical examination. A District Court decision provides legal certainty regarding an individual's administrative identity and civil status but does not alter their status as an heir under Islamic inheritance law. Legal protection is provided through preventive measures in the form of court decisions supporting changes to civil registration documents and repressive measures through inheritance dispute resolution by the competent courts. Under Islamic law, inheritance distribution remains based on the individual's biological sex at birth, whereas under the Indonesian Civil Code, a change in legal identity does not affect the share of inheritance because civil inheritance law does not differentiate inheritance portions based on gender.
Abstract:Abstract: Background: In Indonesia, 28.7% of pregnant women experience anxiety about childbirth. The purpose of this research is to identify factors associated with anxiety in pregnant women facing childbirth at the Cibadak…
dak Health Center, Sukabumi. Methods: This research uses a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional study design. Results: Chi-square statistical tests showed significant relationships between anxiety and age (p-value = 0.000), education (p-value = 0.033), occupation (p-value = 0.001), economic status (p-value = 0.005), and antenatal care (ANC) examinations (p-value = 0.015). Conclusion: Based on the chi-square test results, there are significant relationships between age, education, occupation, economic status, and antenatal care (ANC) examinations with the anxiety levels of pregnant women. Recommended that healthcare providers provide education about anxiety issues during antenatal care visits.
Keywords: Age, Education, Occupation, Economic Status, Antenatal Care (ANC), Anxiety
Abstrak: Latar Belakang: Di Indonesia terdapat 28,7% ibu hamil yang mengalami kecemasan dalam menghadapi persalinan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui factor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kecemasan ibu hamil dalam menghadapi persalinan di Puskesmas Cibadak, Sukabumi. Metode penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan pendekatan potong lintang . Hasil Penelitian: Hasil uji statistik chi-square terdapat hubungan usia (p-value =0,000), hubungan pendidikan (p-value= 0,033), hubungan pekerjaan (p-value = 0,001), hubungan ekonomi (p-value= 0,005), hubungan pemeriksaan ANC (p-value= 0,015). Kesimpulan Berdasarkan hasil uji statistik chi-square, bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara usia, pendidikan, pekerjaan, status ekonomi, dan pemeriksaan antenatal care (ANC) dengan tingkat kecemasan ibu hamil. Saran kepada tenaga kesehatan untuk melakukan edukasi mengenai masalah kecemasan pada ibu hamil saat melakukan pemeriksaan Antenatal Care (ANC).
Kata Kunci: Umur, Pendidikan, Pekerjaan, Status Ekonomi, Antenatal Care (ANC), Kecemasan
Abstract:This study aims to analyze and predict the level of the Human Development Index (HDI) using the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) method with the Perceptron algorithm. The problem underlying this research is the large amount…
nt of data and the numerous variables affecting HDI, making manual analysis less effective and time-consuming. The data used in this study include Life Expectancy at Birth, Expected Years of Schooling, Mean Years of Schooling, and Adjusted Expenditure per Capita. The research was conducted using Human Development Index data obtained from the Family Information System (SIGAThe dataset was divided into training data and testing data to evaluate the model's ability to predict HDI levels into two categories, namely high and low. The system was developed using the PHP programming language and MySQL database and was designed using Unified Modeling Language (UML).The results of this study indicate that the Artificial Neural Network method with the Perceptron algorithm is capable of predicting Human Development Index levels effectively based on the available data. The Perceptron model was able to recognize the relationship patterns among Life Expectancy at Birth, Expected Years of Schooling, Mean Years of Schooling, and Adjusted Expenditure per Capita variables with HDI levels. The testing results produced a final Mean Squared Error (MSE) value of 0.141227 with an accuracy rate of 80.00% after the training process stopped at the 115th epoch with a learning rate of 0.1. The developed system can assist in the analysis and prediction of human development levels and can be used as a decision-support tool in human development planning.
Abstract:Abstract: Human Rights begin with the natural dignity and human rights that humans possess that cannot be revoked and are seen as rights that are inherent and rooted in the nature and dignity of humans as creatures of God…
d Almighty that are carried from birth and are absolute. Including current developments related to witnesses and victims is part of Human Rights. The research method used in this article is normative, namely legal research conducted by examining library materials, with a focus on the legislative approach. The formulation of the problem is that the Protection of Witnesses and Victims is Legal Protection and Human Rights in Indonesia. And Human Rights and Human Rights Violations. Article 1 number (1) of Government Regulation Number 2 of 2002 concerning Procedures for Protection of Victims and Witnesses in Serious Human Rights Violations states that: Protection is a form of service that must be carried out by law enforcement officers or security officers to provide a sense of security, both physical and mental, to victims and witnesses, from threats, harassment, terror, and violence from any party, which is given at the stage of investigation, inquiry, prosecution, and or examination in court. Law Number 39 of 1999 concerning Human Rights and Law Number 26 of 2000 concerning Human Rights Courts provide the same understanding of Human Rights.
Keywords: Protection, Witnesses, Victims
Abstrak: Hak Asasi Manusia dimulai dari martabat alamiah dan hak-hak kemanusiaan yang dimiliki oleh manusia yang tidak dapat dicabut dan dipandang sebagai hak-hak yang melekat dan berakar pada hakikat dan martabat manusia sebagai makhluk ciptaan Tuhan Yang Maha Esa yang dibawa sejak lahir dan bersifat mutlak. Termasuk perkembangan saat ini terkait saksi dan korban merupakan bagian dari HAM. Metode penelitian artikel ini yang digunakan adalah normatif yaitu penelitian hukum yang dilakukan dengan cara meneliti bahan kepustakaan, dengan fokus pada pendekatan perundang-undangan. Adapun menjadi rumusan masalah yaitu Perlindungan Saksi Dan Korban Merupakan Perlindungan Hukum Dan Ham Di Indonsia. Dan Hak Asasi Manusia dan Pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia. Pasal 1 angka (1) Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 2 Tahun 2002 tentang Tata Cara Perlindungan Terhadap Korban dan Saksi Dalam Pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia yang Berat bahwa: Perlindungan adalah suatu bentuk pelayanan yang wajib dilaksanakan oleh aparat penegak hukum atau aparat keamanan untuk memberikan rasa aman baik fisik maupun mental, kepada korban dan saksi, dari ancaman, gangguan, teror, dan kekerasan dari pihak manapun, yang diberikan pada tahap penyelidikan, penyidikan, penuntutan, dan atau pemeriksaan di sidang pengadilan. Undang-undang Nomor 39 Tahun 1999 tentang Hak Asasi Manusia dan Undang-undang Nomor 26 Tahun 2000 tentang Pengadilan Hak Asasi Manusia memberikan pengertian yang sama tentang Hak Asasi Manusia.
Kata kunci: Perlindungan, Saksi, Korban
Abstract:Abstrack: The double track system is the use of criminal sanctions and disciplinary sanctions in the criminal justice system. The implementation of the double track system should be made more effective, especially with existing…
xisting and clear regulations in the juvenile criminal justice system. However, in reality, there are still various cases of children who apply imprisonment for children. The formulation of the problem in this study is what is the philosophical basis for the birth of the double track system in the criminal justice system, how the double track criminal system applies to children in conflict with the law, and how is the legal analysis of children in conflict with the law in the criminal justice process. The method used in writing this thesis is a normative juridical research method, namely analyzing legal principles carried out through literature studies. This research is descriptive, and the data analysis method used is descriptive qualitative. Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System stipulates that children in conflict with the law must be treated specifically according to their age, by prioritizing the principle of protecting children's rights as regulated in the Convention on the Rights of the Child. Through the implementation of a double-track system, juvenile criminal law not only provides criminal sanctions but also provides opportunities for educational and rehabilitative measures, such as return to parents or foster care in social institutions. This approach reflects a shift from a punitive system to a rehabilitation and social reintegration of children, making juvenile criminal law in Indonesia more humane and future-oriented.
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Keywords: Legal Protection, Children in conflict with the law, Double Track System.
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Abstrak: Double track system atau sistem dua jalur adalah penggunaan sanksi pidana dan sanksi tindakan dalam sistem pemidanaan. Penerapan double track system sudah seharusnya diefektifkan apalagi dengan regulasi yang telah ada dan jelas pada sistem peradilan pidana anak. Tetapi pada kenyataannya, hingga saat ini masih terdapat berbagai kasus anak yang menerapkan pidana penjara bagi anak. Adapun yang menjadi rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini yaitu bagaimanakah alas filosofis lahirnya double track system dalam sistem peradilan pidana, bagaimanakah sistem pemidanaan dua jalur (double track system) terhadap anak yang berkonflik dengan hukum, serta bagaimanakah analisis hukum terhadap anak berkonflik dengan hukum dalam proses peradilan pidana. Metode yang digunakan di dalam penulisan tesis ini adalah metode penelitian yuridis normatif yaitu menganalisis asas hukum yang dilakukan dengan studi pustaka. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif, dan metode analisa data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2012 tentang Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak mengatur bahwa anak yang berhadapan dengan hukum harus diperlakukan secara khusus sesuai dengan usianya, dengan mengedepankan prinsip perlindungan hak anak sebagaimana diatur dalam Konvensi Hak Anak. Melalui penerapan double track system, hukum pidana anak tidak hanya memberikan sanksi pidana tetapi juga membuka ruang bagi sanksi tindakan yang bersifat edukatif dan rehabilitatif, seperti pengembalian kepada orang tua atau pembinaan di lembaga sosial. Pendekatan ini mencerminkan pergeseran dari sistem penghukuman ke arah pemulihan dan reintegrasi sosial anak, sehingga hukum pidana anak di Indonesia menjadi lebih humanis dan berorientasi pada masa depan.
Kata kunci: Perlindungan Hukum, Anak yang berkonflik dengan hukum, Double Track
                  System.
Abstract:Abstract: The development of digital technology has given birth to various forms of new assets, one of which is cryptocurrency, which is popular as an investment and transaction instrument. This phenomenon raises new challenges…
llenges in the Islamic legal system, especially the validity of crypto transactions and their zakat obligations. This article discusses crypto as digital assets from the perspective of positive law and contemporary fiqh from the perspective of transactions and zakat obligations. The method used is qualitative research with descriptive-comparative analysis of laws and regulations in Indonesia, as well as contemporary fiqh studies. The results of the study show that in positive law, crypto is recognized as a digital commodity that can be traded on a futures exchange, but is not yet considered a legitimate transaction tool. Meanwhile, in contemporary fiqh, scholars view crypto as assets that have exchange value and can be subject to zakat if they meet the nishab and haul requirements. This study recommends to the Government and MUI about the need for more specific regulations related to crypto zakat and education for the Muslim community so that they can manage digital assets in a sharia and legal manner.
Keyword: crypto, transactions, zakat, positive law, contemporary fiqh
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Abstrak: Perkembangan teknologi digital telah melahirkan berbagai bentuk aset baru, salah satunya adalah cryptocurrency (mata uang kripto) yang populer sebagai instrumen investasi dan transaksi. Fenomena ini menimbulkan tantangan baru dalam sistem hukum Islam, khususnya keabsahan transaksi kripto dan kewajiban zakatnya. Artikel ini membahas kripto sebagai harta digital dalam perspektif hukum positif dan fikih kontemporer dari sisi transaksi dan kewajiban zakatnya. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan analisis deskriptif-komparatif terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia, serta kajian fikih kontemporer. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa secara hukum positif, kripto diakui sebagai komoditas digital yang dapat diperdagangkan di bursa berjangka, namun belum dianggap sebagai alat transaksi yang sah. Sementara dalam fikih kontemporer, ulama memandang kripto sebagai harta yang memiliki nilai tukar dan dapat dikenakan zakat jika memenuhi syarat nishab dan haul . Penelitian ini merekomendasikan kepada Pemerintah dan MUI tentang perlunya regulasi yang lebih spesifik terkait zakat kripto serta edukasi kepada masyarakat Muslim agar dapat mengelola aset digital secara syar’i dan legal.
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Kata kunci: kripto, transaksi, zakat, hukum positif, fikih kontemporer
Abstract:Abstract: Expert systems, a branch of Artificial Intelligence (AI), are designed to represent expert knowledge within a computer system, allowing users to receive solutions as if consulting a human expert. In developing…
expert systems, an appropriate method is required, one of which is the Bayes Theorem. This method is used to calculate the probability of an event based on available observational data, enabling more accurate disease diagnosis based on patient symptoms. This study applies the Bayesian approach to address uncertainty in identifying gynecological diseases through conditional probability calculations. The data processing results show the probability distribution of various gynecological conditions, including: Anemia (75.38%), Hypertension (14.77%), Placenta Previa (5.00%), Premature Birth (3.00%), Hypotension (0.92%), Hyperemesis Gravidarum (0.63%), Ectopic Pregnancy (0.17%), Ovarian Cyst (0.12%), Uterine Cancer (0.002%), and Endometriosis (0.001%). Based on the findings, anemia is the most commonly experienced condition among pregnant women. Anemia can lead to fatigue, dizziness, fetal developmental disorders, and even premature labor. Therefore, it is recommended to consume iron-rich foods and undergo regular prenatal check-ups to monitor hemoglobin levels and prevent further complications.
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Keywords: Expert Systems, Identification, obstetric disease, Bayes Theorem.
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Abstrak: Sistem pakar, yang merupakan bagian dari cabang kecerdasan buatan (Artificial Intelligence), dirancang untuk merepresentasikan pengetahuan seorang pakar ke dalam sistem komputer sehingga pengguna dapat memperoleh solusi seolah-olah berkonsultasi langsung dengan pakar. Dalam pengembangan sistem pakar, dibutuhkan metode yang tepat, salah satunya adalah metode Teorema Bayes. Metode ini digunakan untuk menghitung probabilitas suatu kejadian berdasarkan data observasi yang tersedia, sehingga proses diagnosis penyakit dapat dilakukan secara lebih akurat berdasarkan gejala yang dialami pasien. Penelitian ini menerapkan pendekatan Teorema Bayes untuk menangani ketidakpastian dalam proses identifikasi penyakit kandungan melalui perhitungan probabilitas bersyarat. Hasil pengolahan data menunjukkan distribusi probabilitas beberapa jenis penyakit kandungan, di antaranya: Anemia (75,38%), Hipertensi (14,77%), Plasenta Previa (5,00%), Prematur (3,00%), Hipotensi (0,92%), Hyperemesis Gravidarum (0,63%), Kehamilan Ektopik (0,17%), Kista Ovarium (0,12%), Kanker Rahim (0,002%), dan Endometriosis (0,001%). Dari hasil tersebut, anemia merupakan kondisi paling dominan yang dialami ibu hamil. Anemia berisiko menyebabkan kelelahan, pusing, hambatan perkembangan janin, hingga kelahiran prematur. Oleh karena itu, penanganan yang disarankan meliputi konsumsi makanan kaya zat besi serta pemeriksaan kehamilan secara rutin untuk memantau kadar hemoglobin dan mencegah komplikasi lebih lanjut.
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Kata kunci: Sistem Pakar, Identifikasi, Penyakit Kandungan, Teorema Bayes.
Abstract:Abstract: This study aims to determine the implementation of marriage guidance to prospective brides at an early age as an effort to prevent the risk of stunting in Langkat Regency. Marriage is one of the crucial factors…
that influence the risk of stunting, starting from the conception period to the process of giving birth and raising children. Therefore, the Government through the Ministry of Religious Affairs introduced marriage guidance that will provide education and understanding to prospective brides, especially early brides as a step to prevent stunting. Early marriage is prone to the risk of stunting due to the immature physical and psychological condition of the mother which can lead to complications during pregnancy and inadequate prenatal care. This empirical legal research uses a case approach. Data collection methods include observation, interviews, and documentation from various relevant sources. The research findings show that the marriage guidance program significantly reduced the risk of stunting in Langkat District over the past two years. Potential stunting cases decreased from 84,984 to 37,908 families, and early marriage (under the age of 20) decreased from 1,147 to 298. These results suggest that marriage guidance is an effective intervention for stunting prevention in Langkat district.
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Keyword: Marriage Guidance. Stunting, Bride-to-be, Early Marriage
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Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan bimbingan perkawinan kepada calon pengantin usia dini sebagai upaya pencegahan risiko stunting di Kabupaten Langkat. Perkawinan merupakan salah satu faktor krusial yang memengaruhi risiko stunting, mulai dari masa konsepsi hingga proses melahirkan dan membesarkan anak. Oleh karena itu, Pemerintah melalui Kementerian Agama memperkenalkan bimbingan perkawinan yang akan memberikan edukasi dan pemahaman kepada calon pengantin terutama calon pemngantin usia dini sebagai langkah mencegah terjadinya stunting. Pernikahan usia dini rentan terhadap risiko stunting karena kondisi fisik dan psikologis ibu yang belum matang sehingga dapat menimbulkan komplikasi selama kehamilan dan perawatan prenatal yang tidak memadai. Penelitian hukum empiris ini menggunakan case approach. Metode pengumpulan data meliputi observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi dari berbagai sumber yang relevan. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa program bimbingan perkawinan secara signifikan mengurangi risiko stunting di Kabupaten Langkat selama dua tahun terakhir. Kasus potensi stunting menurun dari 84.984 menjadi 37.908 keluarga, dan pernikahan dini (di bawah usia 20 tahun) menurun dari 1.147 menjadi 298. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa bimbingan perkawinan merupakan intervensi yang efektif untuk pencegahan stunting di Kabupaten Langkat.
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Kata Kunci: Bimbingan Perkawinan. Stunting, Calon Pengantin, Pernikahan Usia Dini
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Abstract:Abstract: This study explores the application of the K-Means Clustering algorithm in grouping birth certificate data in Labuhanbatu Utara Regency. The aim of this research is to identify patterns in birth certificate ownership…
ership across various regions and to facilitate data clustering to support government planning related to birth certificate ownership. The analysis reveals that the K-Means Clustering method is effective in categorizing data according to the level of birth certificate ownership. Regions such as Kualuh Hulu, NA IX-X, and Kualuh Selatan have high levels of birth certificate ownership, while Kualuh Hilir, Aek Kuo, and Marbau fall into the medium category. Meanwhile, Kualuh Leidong and Aek Natas show low levels of birth certificate ownership. This information is crucial for designing targeted outreach programs to raise public awareness of the importance of having a birth certificate. The consistency of clustering results between the first and second iterations demonstrates the stability and efficiency of the K-Means method, achieving accurate outcomes without the need for multiple iterations. Therefore, the K-Means algorithm proves to be a reliable data analysis tool for decision-making in government programs.
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Keywords: K-Means Clustering, Birth Certificate, Data Clustering.
Abstrak: Penelitian ini membahas penerapan algoritma K-Means Clustering dalam pengelompokan data akta kelahiran di Kabupaten Labuhanbatu Utara. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi pola kepemilikan akta kelahiran di berbagai wilayah serta mempermudah proses pengelompokan data guna mendukung perencanaan program pemerintah terkait kepemilikan akta kelahiran. Penelitian ini menggunakan data kuantitatif dari Disdukcapil Kabupaten Labuhanbatu Utara. Berdasarkan analisis yang dilakukan, hasil menunjukkan bahwa metode K-Means Clustering efektif dalam mengelompokkan data sesuai dengan tingkat kepemilikan akta kelahiran. Wilayah Kualuh Hulu, NA IX -X, dan Kualuh Selatan memiliki tingkat kepemilikan yang tinggi, sementara Kualuh Hilir, Aek Kuo, dan Marbau berada pada kategori sedang. Sedangkan wilayah Kualuh Leidong dan Aek Natas menunjukkan tingkat kepemilikan akta kelahiran yang rendah. Informasi ini penting untuk merancang program penyuluhan yang lebih tepat sasaran guna meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat akan pentingnya memiliki akta kelahiran. Konsistensi hasil clustering antara iterasi pertama dan kedua menunjukkan stabilitas dan efisiensi metode K-Means, dengan hasil yang akurat dapat dicapai tanpa memerlukan banyak iterasi. Dengan demikian, algoritma K-Means dapat diandalkan sebagai alat analisis data dalam pengambilan keputusan untuk program pemerintah.
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Kata kunci: K-Means Clustering, Akta Kelahiran, Pengelompokan Data.
Abstract:Abstract: A decision support system (DSS) is a system that supports managers in making decisions for semi-structured problems.The purpose of a decision support system is as a tool for managers to expand their capabilities…
s in decision making and not to replace managers. The development of information technology accompanied by the development of the internet mutually supports each other, giving birth to the concept of internet-based information technology, whose development is becoming wider and increasingly being applied in corporate businesses in various fields. The problems that arise are the unavailability of a decision support system that can make it easier for farming businesses to select the quality of honey guava seeds, and the lack of information about selecting the quality of honey guava seeds carried out by farming businesses regarding the selection of the quality of honey guava seeds. The aim of this research is to make it easier for farming business owners to choose quality honey guava seeds and later provide benefits from planting honey guava for farming business owners.
Keywords: decision support systems; honey guava seeds; MFEP method
Abstrak: Sistem pendukung keputusan (SPK) merupakan suatu sistem yang mendukung manajer dalam pengambilan keputusan untuk permasalahan semi terstruktur.Tujuan sistem pendukung keputusan yaitu sebagai alat bantu bagi para manajer untuk memperluas kapabilitas mereka dalam pengambilan keputusan dan bukan untuk menggantikan manajer. Perkembangan teknologi informasi yang disertai perkembangan internet saling mendukung satu sama lain sehingga melahirkan konsep teknologi informasi berbasis internet yang perkembangannya semakin luas dan semakin banyak diterapkan dalam bisnis perusahaan di berbagai bidang. Adapun permasalahan yang muncul yaitu belum tersedianya sistem pendukung keputusan yang dapat memudahkan pihak usaha tani untuk pemilihan kualitas bibit jambu madu, dan kurangnya informasi tentang pemilihan Kualitas Bibit Jambu Madu yang dilakukan Usaha tani terhadap pemilihan kualitas bibit jambu madu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mempermudah pemilik Usaha tani dalam memilih kualitas bibit jambu madu dan nantinya memberikan keuntungan penanaman jambu madu pada pemilik usaha tani. Adapun hasil pengolahan data pemilihan kualitas jambu madu dengan menggunakan metode MFEP yaitu: bibit jambu madu jenis super green dengan nilai 1.97, selanjutnya bibit jambu madu jenis deli hijau dengan nilai 1.85, dan kemudian bibit jambu madu kesuma merah dan citra king dengan nilai 1.68.
Kata kunci: sistem pendukung keputusan; bibit jambu madu; metode MFEP