Abstract:The intensive use of synthetic chemical pesticides in agriculture has led to various negative impacts on the environment and human health, as well as increased pest resistance. As an alternative, plant-based pesticides (botanical…
botanical insecticides) have shown potential due to their eco-friendly and sustainable nature. This study aims to review the effectiveness of soursop (Annona muricata) leaf extract as a botanical pesticide against the gray caterpillar (Spodoptera litura) on mustard plants (Brassica juncea), using a literature review method. Data were collected through a systematic search of accredited national and international scientific journals, then analyzed descriptively and comparatively. The findings indicate that soursop leaves contain bioactive compounds such as acetogenins, flavonoids, and saponins, which act as stomach poisons, antifeedants, and repellents to S. litura. Several studies reported that extracts from Annona spp. leaves and seeds effectively inhibit larval growth, reduce feeding activity, damage digestive tissues, and lead to larval death. This effectiveness highlights the potential of soursop leaves as a safe and efficient candidate for botanical pesticide development. The study also identifies a research gap regarding field-scale testing on mustard plants, suggesting the need for further agronomic validation.
Abstract:Cyber risk management has become a critical issue as the number of cybersecurity incidents continues to rise each year. This study aims to analyze the trends in cyber incidents, the most prevalent types of cybercrimes, and…
nd the efforts in mitigation and cyber risk management in Indonesia. According to data from the National Cyber and Crypto Agency (BSSN) for the period 2019 to 2023, the number of incidents increased significantly from 290,000 cases in 2019 to 1,031,389 cases in 2023. The dominant types of cybercrime shifted each year, starting with phishing in 2019, malware in 2020, ransomware in 2021, DDoS attacks in 2022, and data breaches in 2023. This surge in incidents reflects the growing complexity of cyber threats faced by various sectors in Indonesia. In response, the government and private sector have strengthened regulations through the enactment of the Personal Data Protection Law and have adopted technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI) and blockchain to enhance detection and prevention of cyberattacks. Effective cyber risk management requires integrated preventive, detective, and corrective measures to safeguard information systems and sensitive data from increasingly sophisticated attacks. Through collaboration among the government, private sector, and the public, Indonesia’s digital ecosystem is expected to become more secure and resilient in the face of cybercrime threats..
Abstract:One of the serious considerations in Islam pertains to the position of men and women. Islam highly values the worth of women. Gender equality is an essential topic to ensure that individuals, regardless of their gender,…
have equal opportunities, rights, and responsibilities in all aspects of life, while eliminating discrimination, violence, and harassment against women. Therefore, further discourse is necessary to rectify misconceptions. This research aims to explore the positions of both genders. It emphasizes that men and women share the same human status, having been created from the same substance, as ordained by God. The study employs qualitative research, specifically a literature review using relevant journals, books, and articles related to this topic.
Abstract:Article 109 paragraph (2) of Law Number 17 of 2006 concerning Amendments to Law Number 10 of 1995 concerning Customs regulates that means of transport that are solely used to commit criminal acts can be confiscated for the…
he state. Decision Number 102/Pid.Sus/2019/PN.Tbk stated that the means of transporting the MT Yosoa ship were confiscated for the state and in Decision Number 27/Pdt.G/2019/PN.Tbk, the judge ruled that the Tanjung Balai Karimun District Prosecutor's Office Cq. Public Prosecutor had committed an unlawful act. The purpose of the research is to analyze the judge's consideration of the lawsuit for unlawful acts, and the extent of Decision Number 27/PDT. G/2019/PN. Tbk influences the legal interpretation of unlawful acts, as well as the ownership status of MT YOSOA ships that have been decided to be confiscated by the state. This research is a normative juridical research. Data is collected and then analyzed qualitatively. The results of the research show that the judge's decision has weaknesses in legal considerations which results in legal uncertainty and injustice for the parties. In addition, there are inconsistencies in assessing the evidence of ship ownership and elements of unlawful acts, this decision also shows weaknesses in determining liability, due to the lack of parties involved in the lawsuit. It is recommended that the judge be more careful in considering all aspects of the law and exploring the material truth thoroughly. All interested parties must be involved in the lawsuit so that accountability can be clearly established.
Abstract:To determine the rightful heirs must be determined in court voluntarily as regulated in Article 49 Letter b of Law Number 3 of 2006 concerning the Authority of Religious Courts. However, in reality there are heirs who are…
e unwilling to submit an application for the determination of heirs, resulting in the obstruction of the rights of other heirs. The purpose of writing this thesis is to explain the procedures and special requirements in submitting a contentious determination of heirs, to explain the evidence of the applicants against the heirs, and to explain the efforts made to overcome obstacles in determining heirs contentiously. This research is an empirical legal research, data is obtained directly through interviews and literature reviews. Data is collected and then analyzed qualitatively. The results of this study indicate that there are still many heirs who submit the determination of heirs voluntarily with a lack of parties and result in their decisions being declared unacceptable, but in terms of contention there are still many heirs, judges and lawyers who do not know that there are provisions in the Circular of the Supreme Court (SEMA) Number 5 of 2021- Formulation of the Law of the Religious Chamber-2.b there are special procedures and requirements and proof in the submission as well as obstacles and efforts that must be made in the application for determination of heirs contentiously which is different from voluntary. It is recommended that the Sharia Court provide information regarding the new provisions in submitting applications to both lawyers and interested parties in order to obtain legal certainty because many parties do not yet know these provisions.
Abstract:Article 6 of Law No. 4 of 1996 gives creditors the right to execute parate against the object of the mortgage. However, in decision No. 0112/Pdt.G/2017/MS-BNA, the Sharia Court annulled the deed of gift. This study aims…
to analyze the judge's considerations, the legal force of certificates and deeds in bank mortgages, and legal protection for mortgage holders. This study is a normative legal study. Data were collected and then analyzed qualitatively. The results of the study indicate that the judge annulled the gift because it did not meet the legal requirements according to Islamic law and the Compilation of Islamic Law. The decision has implications for the cancellation of all related documents, including the certificate of ownership, the deed of granting mortgage rights, and the credit agreement, so that they no longer have legal force as debt collateral. Legal protection of creditors due to cancellation of grants according to Article 11131 of the Civil Code, even though the collateral guarantee is cancelled, the creditor still has legal protection through general guarantees, namely that all of the debtor's assets can be used as objects of debt fulfillment and the creditor can request seizure of collateral and the application of the principle of good faith of the bank that has acted according to the procedure for granting credit. It is expected that judges will prioritize the principles of justice, proportionality, the principle of good faith, and substantive justice in banking and financing practices in Indonesia.
Abstract:The present article examines the influence of the thought of KH. Abdurrahman Wahid (Gus Dur) on the formation of postcolonial discourse in the context of Islam Nusantara. In the postcolonial context, the Islamic construction…
tion of the Archipelago is inextricably linked to colonial epistemological legacies and the hegemony of external cultures, particularly Arabic. Gus Dur’s thought process can be understood as a deconstructive effort against the dichotomy between “pure” and “local” Islam that was created by colonial powers and puritan movements. It is evident that Gus Dur’s rejection of the uniformity of Arab culture as the sole representation of Islam was underpinned by a sharp critique of arabisation. As an alternative, he proffered the concept of Islamic pribumisation, defined as the adjustment of Islamic expression to local cultural values without sacrificing the substance of the teachings. Furthermore, Gus Dur placed significant emphasis on the necessity of contextualising Islamic teachings, emphasising the importance of re-evaluating Islamic values in accordance with the prevailing social and cultural dynamics of Indonesian society. It is asserted that an approach of this nature will engender the concepts of pluralism and tolerance, which will in turn serve as the primary foundations upon which religious life is to be constructed. The present study employs a qualitative approach, utilising critical discourse analysis of Gus Dur’s ideas and relevant supporting literature. The findings demonstrate that Gus Dur’s thought plays a significant role in formulating the paradigm of Islam Nusantara. This paradigm is characterised by its responsiveness to local realities, its transcendence of religious formalism, and its rehabilitation of cultural dignity as an integral part of Islamic expression. Consequently, the thought of Gus Dur constitutes a significant contribution to the development of a plural, humanist and contextual Islamic civilisation.
Abstract:This study aims to determine the application of the elements of the crime of premeditated murder under Article 340 of the criminal code in Decision No : W20.U1/25 / AT.05.02/12/2019 and to find out the legal considerations…
ns of the panel of judges in the imposition of penalties against perpetrators of premeditated murder in the decision No. W20.U1/25 / AT.05.02/12/2019.The method used in this study is the technique of data collection by way of research study of documents conducted in the Gorontalo District Court and reading literature and other reading sources as well as interview techniques in which the authors conduct direct questioning to the parties concerned in this case Gorontalo District Court judges, prosecutors and legal experts concerning the object research. The results of this study showed that the application of elements of the crime of premeditated murder law and Decision No: W20.U1/25 / AT.05.02/12/2019 is accurate.the public prosecutor uses the indictment of the first indictment primair Article 340 of KUHP ,indictment subsidiair 338 of KUHP indictment more subsidair 351 paragraph(3) of KUHP and the second indictment 285 of KUHP
Abstract:For the sake of realizing a prosperous, just and prosperous Indonesian society based on Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution. The quality of Indonesia's human resources must be continuously improved for national development…
nt capital and making Indonesia a developed country. It also includes attention to youth and children as the next generation, so that one day they can bring Indonesia into a developed country. Talking about the problem of adolescents and children is an interesting subject to be discussed and discussed hotly these years of years the level of juvenile delinquency in narcotics abuse, brawl that leads to criminal acts, more specifically criminal acts of theft perpetrated by children. In the current era, we hear a lot of theft, both adults and young children. According to article 1 number 1 of the Child Protection Act, "a child is someone who is not yet 18 years (eighteen) years old, including those still in the womb". In juvenile criminal law, hereinafter referred to as Delinquency / (crime) against several acts that are against the law. According to Romli Atmasasmit Juvenile (15), Delinquency is any act or behavior of a child under the age of 18 years and has not married which is a violation of applicable legal norms, and can endanger the child's personal development.
Abstract:This study were aimed to (1) To study the effectiveness of white turmeric extract Curcuma domestica .Vall in treating a mouse Cromileptes altivelis from the attack of Vibrio alginolyticus., (2) To study the dose of the best…
est white turmeric extract in treating a Cromileptes altivelis from attacks by bacteria Vibrio alginolyticus. (3) To study the effect of white turmeric extract against the survival rate Mouse grouper (Cromileptes altivelis), which in the infection of Vibrio alginolyticus. The experiment was arranged with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Preliminary research conducted LD50 test to determine the pathogenic bacterium V. alginolyticus which caused the death of test fish as much as 50%. In vitro test was done to see anti-bacterial activity of white turmeric extract against V. alginolyticus. From this test, the optimum concentration of white turmeric extract the effective tackling of V. Alginolyticus was obtained was obtained Test in vivo was carried out to determine the effect of the bacteria V. alginolyticus against Cromileptes altivelis healing response in Cromileptes altivelis after giving white turmeric extract. Results showed that (1) MIC and MBC values obtained by concentration of 0.25% and 0.75%, where the concentration of 0.75% was the effective dose of white turmeric extract in tackling the V. alginolyticus (2) The best treatment dose of the best survival rate of Cromileptes altivelis was 1% of white turmeric extract (3) the Survival Rate of mouse grouper wasn’t effected by white turmeric extract treatment significantly