Abstract:Accelerating cultural heritage data collection in Serang City is a strategic step in efforts to preserve cultural heritage in accordance with the mandate of Law Number 11 of 2010 concerning Cultural Heritage and Government…
nt Regulation Number 1 of 2022 concerning National Registers and Cultural Heritage Preservation, which aims to provide accurate cultural heritage data as a basis for legal protection and preservation policies. Implementation is not optimal, as there are still suspected reserve objects (ODCB) that have not been officially determined. This research identifies the problem, namely, How is the Implementation of Accelerated Cultural Heritage Data Collection in Supporting Cultural Heritage Preservation in Serang City and what are the obstacles. This research uses authority theory and cultural heritage conservation theory as the basis for analysis. The research method used is empirical juridical with a qualitative descriptive approach through literature studies and interviews with related parties. The research results show that the acceleration of data collection has been carried out through activities to identify, verify, and record cultural heritage objects in the Dapobud system. This step, according to regulations, produces more accurate data, so that it can be immediately protected and preserved. However, implementation has not been optimal due to obstacles in the form of limited facilities and infrastructure, budget, human resources, constraints on the Dapobud system, lack of local government support, and community participation. The conclusion is that the implementation of accelerated data collection on cultural heritage in Serang City has made a positive contribution to conservation efforts, even though it still faces obstacles. Recommendations are addressed to the Serang City Government to strengthen budget support, increase human resource capacity, prepare supporting facilities, and encourage collaboration and community participation so that preservation can be sustainable.
Abstract:The principle of legality is a fundamental concept in the Indonesian criminal justice system, ensuring legal certainty and the protection of human rights from arbitrary criminal punishment. However, the rapid development…
of modern crimes often leads to legal gaps or vague norms that require judges to conduct judicial law-finding (rechtsvinding) when resolving criminal cases. This research aims to analyze the position of the principle of legality as a legal limit to judicial authority and examine how far judicial law-finding can be carried out without violating the essential principles of criminal law. This study employs a normative legal research method with a statute approach, conceptual approach, case approach, and historical approach. The results demonstrate that the principle of legality plays a crucial role in restricting judicial interpretation to prevent the creation of new offenses that may harm defendants and to ensure punishment can only be imposed based on pre-existing laws. Nonetheless, judicial law-finding remains necessary to address contemporary crimes that are not yet regulated under statutory law. Therefore, a proportional balance between legal certainty and substantive justice is required so that the principle of legality and judicial law-finding can work synergistically within Indonesia’s criminal justice system.
Abstract:The ambiguity of the elements “dealer” and “user” in Articles 114, 112, and 127 of Law Number 35 of 2009 on Narcotics creates legal uncertainty in the practice of criminal justice. These three provisions often overlap in…
erlap in law enforcement, particularly when investigators and public prosecutors apply more severe charges without comprehensively examining the legal construction of the defendant’s actions, including the social and situational context behind them. This study is a normative legal research that examines the doctrine of judicial legal discovery, principles of criminal law, and the principle of proportionality in sentencing in a more in-depth and structured manner. The results of the study indicate that judges have the authority to interpret the elements of narcotics criminal acts systematically, grammatically, and teleologically to clearly distinguish between “abusive users” and “dealers with the intent to distribute.” Legal discovery is needed to prevent overcriminalization and to ensure the protection of the rights of suspects and defendants throughout the entire criminal justice process. This study concludes that the appropriate method of interpretation is an integration of systematic interpretation, teleological interpretation, and the ratio legis of the Narcotics Law.
Abstract:Corruption, as an organized and transnational crime, demands a more effective asset recovery mechanism than the conventional criminal approach currently applied in Indonesia. The limitations of criminal law instruments in…
n tracing, confiscating, and repatriating assets that have been transferred, concealed, or placed outside national jurisdiction form the central background for the urgency of the Asset Forfeiture Bill. This study aims to analyze the concept of asset forfeiture for corruption cases through the non-conviction based forfeiture mechanism and assess the alignment of the Asset Forfeiture Bill with international standards, particularly the UNCAC. The research employs a normative legal method through an examination of legislation, academic literature, international documents, and comparative best practices. The findings indicate that the Bill introduces a new enforcement paradigm through in rem procedures, an integrated asset-tracing system, civil judicial control, and transparent asset management. The discussion reveals that although the Bill has significant potential to enhance state asset recovery, its implementation requires strengthened evidentiary standards, protection of property rights, and improved inter-agency coordination. The study concludes that the Asset Forfeiture Bill represents a strategic instrument for improving the effectiveness of anti-corruption efforts, yet its success depends on procedural safeguards, transparency in asset administration, and the institutional capacity of law enforcement bodies.
Abstract:The study aims to analyze the role of the Office of Women’s Empowerment and Child Protection (DP3A) in handling cases of child abuse in Gowa Regency. The research employs a qualitative approach, with data collected through…
hrough observation, interviews, and documentation. The focus of this study is to examine how DP3A carries out its role in addressing child abuse in Gowa Regency and to identify the inhibiting factors it faces in handling such cases. The findings reveal that DP3A Gowa Regency plays a strategic role in addressing child abuse through preventive measures such as community outreach and education, case handling through the UPTD PPA with legal and psychological services, and child recovery programs including counseling, therapy, and social reintegration. Collaboration with schools, the police, the Social Affairs Office, NGOs, and the establishment of a Children’s Forum further strengthens the child protection system in the region. However, the study also identifies several inhibiting factors, including a shortage of professional human resources, limited operational funding, and low public awareness influenced by patriarchal culture and the normalization of violence. These obstacles result in limited services, delays in case handling, and a large number of unreported cases. In conclusion, DP3A Gowa Regency plays an essential role in creating a comprehensive child protection ecosystem, although it still requires greater support in terms of human resource capacity, funding, and shifts in societal paradigms to ensure optimal child protection
Abstract:Exposure to X-ray radiation in conventional radiology procedures can pose a health risk, especially for accompanying caregivers of pediatric patients who only bear the risk without gaining any benefit. This study aims to…
determine the estimated equivalent dose received by accompanying caregivers of pediatric patients and the safest points during conventional radiology examinations. The method used in this research is a field survey, involving the measurement of equivalent radiation doses inside and outside the examination room using a personal dosimeter, as well as measuring the radiation dose rate at 6 points using a surveymeter. The data was processed to obtain the highest and lowest values, as well as the percentage of equivalent dose obtained compared to the established Dose Limit Value (DLV). The results showed that the highest radiation dose received by accompanying caregivers inside the examination room reached 13,46 µSv, with a percentage of 0,27% relative to the DLV, while the lowest dose recorded was 1,12 µSv, with a percentage of 0,0224% relative to the DLV. Analysis of the radiation dose rate distribution revealed that the greater the distance of the measurement point from the radiation source (tube), the smaller the dose received. In conclusion, the radiation dose received by accompanying caregivers is still below the Dose Limit Value (DLV) for caregivers, which is 5.000 µSv. However, to minimize stochastic effects, the implementation of additional protective measures, such as the use of lead aprons and selecting safer locations within the examination room, is highly recommended. These findings are expected to serve as a guide in enhancing the safety of accompanying caregivers of pediatric patients in conventional radiology units.
Abstract:Marriage involving pregnant women outside wedlock remains a critical socio-cultural and legal phenomenon in Indonesia, particularly in North Halmahera where family honor, religious authority, and customary law strongly influence…
nfluence communal life. This study aimed to explore how such marriages are understood, legitimized, and practiced by families, community leaders, and legal institutions. Using a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews with religious leaders, adat leaders, government officials, parents, and young women, complemented by participant observation and document analysis, and analyzed with an interactive model of reduction, display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that marriage is primarily arranged to safeguard family honor, with communities regarding it as the only socially acceptable corrective measure, while religious leaders across traditions adopt pragmatic interpretations, invoking public interest or redemption to justify the practice, and customary rituals together with state dispensations further reinforce its legitimacy. Although marriage resolves immediate stigma and reintegrates families socially, it simultaneously generates long-term vulnerabilities, including interrupted education, economic dependence, marital instability, psychological stress, and increased maternal and neonatal health risks. This study contributes to the sociology of law and religion by demonstrating how socio-cultural confinement, Islamic legal pluralism, and adat practices converge in eastern Indonesia, while underscoring the urgent need for holistic interventions that integrate sexuality education, family communication, religious engagement, and legal reform to protect women and children more effectively.
Abstract:This research examines the relevance of adopting the concept of active judges within adversarial common law traditions to Indonesia’s hybrid criminal procedure. The primary objective is to explore whether the active judge…
dge model can strengthen Indonesia’s criminal justice reform without undermining its civil law foundation. This study employs a normative juridical method with a comparative approach, analyzing doctrinal sources, statutory law, and scholarly debates from both civil law and common law perspectives. The findings suggest that while the adversarial system traditionally restricts judges to a passive role, the notion of an active judge has emerged to prevent procedural abuses and ensure substantive justice. For Indonesia, integrating aspects of the active judge model may contribute to enhancing transparency, protecting defendants’ rights, and harmonizing procedural justice with societal expectations. Nevertheless, challenges remain, particularly concerning judicial independence, consistency of application, and potential conflicts with established inquisitorial practices. This study concludes that the adoption of active judge principles must be carefully contextualized, reinforcing Indonesia’s hybrid system rather than replacing its legal traditions.
Abstract:Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are commonly prescribed to manage asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) due to their local anti-inflammatory effects in the airways. However, prolonged or high-dose ICS use…
has been associated with systemic adverse effects, including decreased bone mineral density (BMD) and increased risk of osteoporosis. This review aimed to examine the association between ICS use and the risk of osteoporosis or fractures, and to identify modifying factors such as dose, duration, patient age, sex, and type of corticosteroid used. Literature review was conducted using databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Articles were selected using specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. The review focused on original studies published up to March 2025, resulting in 28 relevant articles, of which 6–8 high-quality studies were analyzed in depth. Most studies demonstrated that long-term or high-dose ICS use is associated with decreased BMD and increased risk of fractures, especially in elderly COPD patients. The greatest risk was linked to fluticasone and budesonide at doses ≥500 µg/day. Some studies found neutral or even protective effects in specific subgroups, indicating population-dependent variability. Meta-analyses revealed conflicting results due to heterogeneity in populations and methodologies. High-dose and long-term ICS use may increase the risk of osteoporosis. Clinicians should consider individualized risk assessments and adopt strategies such as using the lowest effective dose, monitoring BMD, and providing calcium and vitamin D supplementation in at-risk populations.
Abstract:Cleaning service staff working in laboratories are at high risk of exposure to hazardous materials. The use of personal protective equipment (PPE) is a crucial step in preventing occupational accidents. However, the level…
l of compliance with PPE usage varies and is influenced by the knowledge and attitude of the staff. This issue highlights the need to understand the relationship between the knowledge and attitudes of cleaning service staff and their compliance with the use of PPE. This study employed an analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 58 cleaning service staff participated as respondents, selected through total sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using the chi-square test. The results showed that 60.3% of respondents had good knowledge regarding the use of PPE, while 73% had a positive attitude toward its usage. The chi-square test revealed a p-value of 0.03 (<0.05), indicating a significant relationship between attitude and compliance with PPE usage among cleaning service staff. The chi-square test for the relationship between knowledge and compliance yielded a p-value of 0.01 (<0.05), indicating a significant relationship between knowledge and compliance. The findings indicate that the knowledge of cleaning service staff positively correlates with their compliance in using PPE. Staff members with good knowledge were more likely to comply with PPE usage. Adequate knowledge enables staff to understand laboratory risks and the benefits of PPE in preventing exposure to hazardous materials, thereby encouraging safer behavior, promoting communication among staff, reminding one another, and embedding safety values into daily work routines.