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Showing 1172 articles found for "Significant"

OPTIMIZATION OF SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE WITH SMOTE AND BAYESIAN METHOD FOR HEART FAILURE CLASSIFICATION

Doni Agung Prasetyo, Harminto Mulyo, Nadia Annisa Maori
Abstract: Abstract: This study applies an integrated approach to optimize heart failure classification. The main objective is to address the challenge of class imbalance in medical datasets and to improve the accuracy, sensitivity,… , and generalization of the classification model. The urgency of this issue is emphasized by statistics showing that cardiovascular diseases cause approximately 17.9 million deaths worldwide each year. Using a quantitative experimental approach, this study analyzes the "Heart Failure Prediction Dataset" from Kaggle, which consists of 918 records. The data were processed through normalization and encoding, followed by the application of SMOTE on the training set to balance class distribution. This step successfully increased model accuracy from 88.41% to 90.22% and minority class recall from 0.82 to 0.88. Furthermore, Bayesian Optimization was employed to refine the hyperparameters of SVM, resulting in a final model with an accuracy of 89.13% that demonstrated better generalization. This integrated approach significantly enhances the stability, sensitivity, and generalization of the model, making it a reliable tool for clinical decision support systems in predicting heart failure.   Keywords: bayesian optimization; heart failure; machine learning; SMOTE; SVM.   Abstrak: Penelitian ini menerapkan pendekatan terintegrasi untuk mengoptimalkan klasifikasi gagal jantung. Tujuan utama studi ini adalah untuk mengatasi tantangan ketidakseimbangan kelas dalam dataset medis dan meningkatkan akurasi, sensitivitas, serta generalisasi model klasifikasi. Urgensi ini ditegaskan oleh statistik yang menunjukkan bahwa penyakit kardiovaskular menyebabkan sekitar 17,9 juta kematian setiap tahun secara global. Menggunakan pendekatan eksperimental kuantitatif, penelitian ini menganalisis "Heart Failure Prediction Dataset" dari Kaggle, yang terdiri dari 918 catatan. Data diproses dengan normalisasi dan encoding, lalu SMOTE diterapkan pada data pelatihan untuk menyeimbangkan distribusi kelas. Langkah ini berhasil meningkatkan akurasi dari 88,41% menjadi 90,22% dan recall kelas minoritas dari 0,82 menjadi 0,88. Selanjutnya, Bayesian Optimization menyempurnakan hyperparameter SVM, menghasilkan model akhir dengan akurasi 89,13% yang menunjukkan generalisasi lebih baik. Pendekatan terintegrasi ini secara signifikan meningkatkan stabilitas, sensitivitas, dan generalisasi model. Hasil penelitian ini menjadikannya alat yang andal untuk sistem pendukung keputusan klinis dalam prediksi gagal jantung. Kata kunci: bayesian optimization; gagal jantung; machine learning; SMOTE; SVM

PREDICTION OF ON-TIME GRADUATION OF UNIVERSITAS ROYAL STUDENTS USING MULTIPLE LINEAR REGRESSION METHOD

Rahmadani, Nurul, Kurniawan, Edi, Nurhasanah, Nurhasanah, Damanik, Wahdan
Abstract: Abstract: On-time graduation is an important indicator in measuring the success of higher education and reflects the effectiveness of the academic process in higher education. Royal University, especially the Information… Systems Study Program, still faces challenges in increasing the percentage of students who graduate on time. This study aims to identify factors that influence students' on-time graduation and build a prediction model using the multiple linear regression method. This method was chosen because it is able to analyze the simultaneous influence of several independent numeric variables on one dependent variable, making it suitable for studying the complex relationship between factors that influence student graduation. The independent variables analyzed in this study include GPA, parental income, and student part-time jobs with student graduation as the dependent variable. The results showed that parental income and part-time jobs had a significant positive effect on on-time graduation, while GPA had a negative effect. The model built had an R² value of 0.6153 and a standard error of 4.0653, indicating that the model was quite strong and accurate. These findings recommend Universitas Royal to strengthen the academic monitoring system and support working students, as well as design policies based on students' socio-economic conditions to increase the on-time graduation rate. Keywords: multiple linear regression; on-time graduation; students.    Abstrak: Kelulusan tepat waktu merupakan indikator penting dalam mengukur keberhasilan pendidikan tinggi serta mencerminkan efektivitas proses akademik di perguruan tinggi. Universitas Royal, khususnya Program Studi Sistem Informasi, masih menghadapi tantangan dalam meningkatkan persentase mahasiswa yang lulus tepat waktu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kelulusan tepat waktu mahasiswa serta membangun model prediksi menggunakan metode regresi linear berganda. Metode ini dipilih karena mampu menganalisis pengaruh simultan beberapa variabel independen numerik terhadap satu variabel dependen, sehingga sesuai untuk mengkaji hubungan kompleks antar faktor yang memengaruhi kelulusan mahasiswa. Variabel independen yang dianalisis dalam penelitian ini meliputi IPK, penghasilan orangtua, dan pekerjaan sambilan mahasiswa dengan kelulusan mahasiswa sebagai variabel dependen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penghasilan orangtua dan pekerjaan sambilan berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kelulusan tepat waktu, sedangkan IPK justru memiliki pengaruh negatif. Model yang dibangun memiliki nilai R² sebesar 0,6153 dan standar error 4,0653, menandakan model cukup kuat dan akurat. Temuan ini merekomendasikan Universitas Royal untuk memperkuat sistem monitoring akademik dan mendukung mahasiswa yang bekerja, serta merancang kebijakan berbasis kondisi sosial-ekonomi mahasiswa guna meningkatkan angka kelulusan tepat waktu. Kata kunci: kelulusan tepat waktu; mahasiswa; regresi linear berganda.

PREDICTING LOAN ELIGIBILITY WITH SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE: A MACHINE LEARNING APPROACH

Rajunaidi, Rajunaidi, Yuliansyah, Herman, Sunardi, Sunardi, Murinto, Murinto
Abstract: Abstract: Non-performing loans remain one of the main challenges faced by cooperatives, particularly when the loan eligibility assessment process is still conducted manually. This traditional approach tends to be time consuming,… nsuming, subjective, and prone to inaccurate decisions. This study aims to develop a predictive model for borrower eligibility using the Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm as a more efficient and objective machine learning-based solution. A total of 1,000 loan history records were processed using RapidMiner software, taking into account variables such as salary, years of employment, loan amount, monthly installment, employment status, monthly expenses, number of dependents, housing status, age, and collateral value. The model’s performance was evaluated using a confusion matrix and classification metrics including accuracy, precision, recall, and kappa. The results indicate that the SVM model achieved an accuracy of 90.05%, precision of 90.13%, recall of 90.05%, and f1 score of 90,08%, reflecting a strong performance in classifying borrower eligibility. The application of this method makes a significant contribution to the development of data driven decision support systems within cooperative environments. This finding expands the scientific understanding in the field of microfinance and supports the implementation of artificial intelligence technologies in making decisions that are more precise, rapid, and accurate. Keywords: cooperative; eligibility prediction; machine learning; non-performing loan; SVM Abstrak: Kredit macet merupakan salah satu permasalahan utama yang dihadapi koperasi, terutama ketika proses penilaian kelayakan peminjam masih dilakukan secara manual. Pendekatan ini cenderung lambat, subjektif, dan berisiko menghasilkan keputusan yang kurang akurat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membangun model prediksi kelayakan peminjam menggunakan algoritma Support Vector Machine (SVM) sebagai solusi berbasis machine learning yang lebih efisien dan objektif. Sebanyak 1.000 data riwayat pinjaman diolah menggunakan tools RapidMiner dengan mempertimbangkan variabel: gaji, lama bekerja, besar pinjaman, angsuran per bulan, status pegawai, pengeluaran bulanan, jumlah tanggungan, status rumah, umur, dan nilai jaminan. Evaluasi model dilakukan menggunakan confusion matrix dan metrik klasifikasi seperti akurasi, presisi, recall, dan kappa. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa model SVM mencapai akurasi  90,05%, presisi 90,13%, recall 90,05%, dan f1 score 90,08%, yang mencerminkan performa model yang sangat baik dalam mengklasifikasikan kelayakan peminjam. Penerapan metode ini memberikan kontribusi penting dalam pengembangan sistem pendukung keputusan berbasis data di lingkungan koperasi. Temuan ini memperluas wawasan keilmuan di bidang keuangan mikro dan mendukung penerapan teknologi kecerdasan buatan dalam pengambilan keputusan yang lebih tepat, cepat, dan akurat. Kata Kunci: koperasi; kredit macet; machine learning; prediksi kelayakan; SVM    

AN EFFECTIVENESS OF LEARNING MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS IN HIGHER EDUCATION: THE DELONE AND MCLEAN-SEM APPROACH

Ivander, Filbert, Yang, Marvello, Melyanto, Melyanto, Saragih, Fry Melda
Abstract: Abstract: Information Technology has impacted various sectors, including education. Learning Management Systems (LMS) are designed to facilitate lecturers and students in accessing academic activities such as online learning.… ning. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of Learning Management Systems (LMS) among higher education institutions in Indonesia. This analysis is crucial for assessing the effectiveness of LMS use by universities in Indonesia, enabling investments in LMS to yield optimal results. The study employed the D&M IS Success Model and PLS-SEM to evaluate the relationships between various variables, including system, information, service quality, user satisfaction, and benefits. Simple random sampling was used to collect data from 170 universities in Indonesia. This study employed PLS-SEM to investigate the observed variables, including validity and reliability testing, which involves assessing reliability, convergent validity, and discriminant validity. This current study found that all the hypotheses were accepted with p-values below 0,05. These findings contribute to universities paying attention to aspects of system, information, and service quality in Learning Management Systems (LMS) to improve user satisfaction and create a positive perception of benefits. Therefore, this research yields significant results that contribute to higher education in Indonesia, as well as the advancement of knowledge in management information systems.             Keywords: delone and mclean; information system success; LMS; SEM-PLS.   Abstrak: Teknologi Informasi telah memengaruhi berbagai sektor, termasuk pendidikan. Learning Management System (LMS) dirancang untuk memfasilitasi dosen dan mahasiswa dalam mengakses kegiatan akademik seperti pembelajaran daring. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas penggunaan Learning Management System (LMS) di perguruan tinggi di Indonesia. Analisis ini penting untuk menilai sejauh mana efektivitas penggunaan LMS oleh universitas-universitas di Indonesia, sehingga investasi dalam LMS dapat mem-berika           n hasil yang optimal.Penelitian ini menggunakan model D&M IS Success Model dan metode PLS-SEM untuk mengevaluasi hubungan antara berbagai variabel, termasuk kuali-tas sistem, informasi, layanan, kepuasan pengguna, dan manfaat. Teknik simple random sampling digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data dari 170 perguruan tinggi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan PLS-SEM untuk mengkaji variabel-variabel yang diamati, ter-masuk pengujian validitas dan reliabilitas, yang mencakup penilaian reliabilitas, validitas konvergen, dan validitas diskriminan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa semua hipotesis diterima dengan nilai p di bawah 0,05. Temuan ini mendorong universitas untuk memberikan perhatian pada aspek kualitas sistem, informasi, dan layanan dalam penggunaan LMS guna meningkatkan kepuasan pengguna dan menciptakan persepsi posi-tif terhadap manfaatnya. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini memberikan hasil yang signifikan bagi perguruan tinggi di Indonesia serta turut berkontribusi dalam pengembangan ilmu di bidang sistem informasi manajemen.   Kata kunci: delone and mclean; kesuksesan sistem informasi; LMS; SEM-PLS

EUCS, IPA, AND CSI INTEGRATION TO DETECT UBSI ONLINE EXAM SYSTEM SATISFACTION

Sucipto, Rakhmat Hadi, Indrarti, Wahyu, Hussaen, Saddam, Rani, Rani
Abstract: Abstract: The online exam system is used to evaluate student learning, but it has some limitations. Therefore, it is necessary to research the user satisfaction of the system. This study aims to assess user satisfaction… using the End User Computing Satisfaction (EUCS), Importance Performance Analysis (IPA), and Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) methods. The results showed that three dimensions, namely, accuracy, ease of use, and timeliness significantly affected user satisfaction, while content and format did not have a significant effect. IPA analysis shows the majority of attributes (12 attributes) are in quadrant II, which indicates moderate satisfaction, 11 attributes in quadrant III, one attribute in quadrant I, and three attributes in quadrant IV. CSI concluded that the online exam system provides satisfactory service with a score of 77.54%. Keywords: csi; eucs; ipa; online exam system; user satisfaction     Abstrak: Sistem ujian online digunakan untuk mengevaluasi pembelajaran mahasiswa, tetapi sistem ini memiliki beberapa keterbatasan. Karena itulah perlu penelitian kepuasan pengguna sistem tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan menilai kepuasan pengguna dengan menggunakan metode End User Computing Satisfaction (EUCS), Importance Performance Analisys (IPA), dan Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI). Hasil riset menunjukkan tiga dimensi yaitu, akurasi, kemudahan penggunaan, dan ketepatan waktu signifikan mempengaruhi kepuasan pengguna, sementara konten dan format tidak berpengaruh signifikan. Analisis IPA menunjukkan mayoritas atribut (12 atribut) berada di kuadran II, yang mengindikasikan kepuasan sedang, 11 atribut di kuadran III, satu atribut di kuadran I, dan tiga atribut di kuadran IV. CSI menyimpulkan sistem ujian online memberikan layanan yang memuaskan dengan skor 77,54%.   Kata kunci: csi; eucs; ipa; kepuasan pengguna; sistem ujian online

THE ROLE OF PERCEIVED CONVENIENCE ON WHATSAPP ADOPTION USING UTAUT2 MODEL

Winata, Kenny Calnelius, Panjaitan, Erwin Setiawan
Abstract: Abstract: Advancements in digital technology have significantly transformed communication and learning. Traditional learning methods have limitations in providing a fast and interactive learning environment, necessitating… g accessible technology that enhances student and teacher engagement while ensuring convenience. WhatsApp has emerged as a widely used solution due to its accessibility, privacy features, and cross-platform compatibility, offering users a sense of convenience. This study examines the role of Perceived Convenience in the acceptance and use of WhatsApp in secondary education in Medan City using the UTAUT2 Model. A survey was conducted with 439 respondents from 8 secondary schools in Medan and analyzed using SEM-PLS with SmartPLS-4. The results indicate that social influence, hedonic motivation, habit, and perceived convenience positively impact the intention to use WhatsApp. Additionally, facilitating conditions, perceived convenience, and intention to use significantly influence actual usage behavior. However, performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and price value do not affect either intention or behavior in using WhatsApp. Moderating variables such as age, gender, and experience partially moderate the relationships between independent factors and WhatsApp usage intention and behavior. This study contributes by incorporating Perceived Convenience into the UTAUT2 Model and affirming its role in educational technology adoption.             Keywords: perceived convenience; secondary education; UTAUT2; whatsapp     Abstrak: Kemajuan teknologi digital telah membawa perubahan signifikan dalam komunikasi dan pembelajaran. Metode pembelajaran tradisional memiliki keterbatasan dalam menyediakan lingkungan belajar yang cepat dan interaktif, sehingga diperlukan teknologi yang mudah diakses, meningkatkan keterlibatan siswa dan guru, serta nyaman digunakan. WhatsApp menjadi salah satu solusi dan banyak digunakan karena mudah diakses, privasi yang ditawarkan, serta kompatibilitas lintas platform sehingga memberikan kenyamanan yang dapat dirasakan pengguna ketika menggunakannya. Oleh karena itu, Penelitian ini menguji peran Persepsi Kenyamanan terhadap penerimaan dan penggunaan WhatsApp dalam pendidikan menengah di Kota Medan menggunakan Model UTAUT2. Survei dilakukan pada 439 responden dari 8 sekolah menengah di kota Medan, dan dianalisis dengan SEM-PLS menggunakan SmartPLS-4. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa social influence, hedonic motivation, habit, dan perceived convenience berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap behavioral intention. Sementara itu, facilitating conditions, perceived convenience, dan behavioral intention berdampak positif pada use behavior. Namun, performance expectancy, effort expectancy, dan price value tidak berpengaruh terhadap niat maupun perilaku penggunaan WhatsApp. Variabel moderasi usia, jenis kelamin, dan pengalaman memoderasi sebagian hubungan antara faktor bebas terhadap niat dan perilaku penggunaan WhatsApp. Penelitian ini berkontribusi dengan menambahkan variabel persepsi kenyamanan (perceived convenience) ke dalam Model UTAUT2 dan menegaskan perannya dalam adopsi teknologi pendidikan.   Kata kunci: pendidikan menengah; persepsi kenyamanan; UTAUT2; whatsapp

APPLYING ELECTRE METHOD TO DETERMINE HEALTHY FOOD FOR HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS

Sitorus, Eliya Azizi, Andri Agus, Raja Tama, Sena, Maulana Dwi
Abstract: Abstract: Hypertension is one of the chronic diseases that can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. A healthy diet is an important factor in managing hypertension, but many patients struggle to choose foods that… are suitable for their condition. Therefore, a decision support system is needed to help patients determine healthy food choices objectively and systematically. This research aims to apply the ELECTRE (Elimination Et Choix Traduisant La Réalité) method in determining healthy foods for hypertension patients. This method is used because it can handle various criteria simultaneously and provide recommendations based on a mathematical approach. Data were obtained from Serozha Clinic through interviews, observations, and literature reviews on the nutritional content of food. The research results show that the ELECTRE method is capable of providing healthy food recommendations with an accuracy level of 90%, higher than the manual technique which only reaches 70%. In addition, the time required in the decision-making process has significantly decreased. Patients also showed a higher level of satisfaction with the proposed system. In conclusion, the ELECTRE method has proven effective in helping hypertension patients choose foods that meet their nutritional needs, and can thus be used as a reference in the development of decision support systems in the health sector. Keywords: electre method; healthy food; health management; hypertension.   Abstrak: Hipertensi merupakan salah satu penyakit kronis yang dapat meningkatkan risiko penyakit kardiovaskular. Pola makan yang sehat menjadi faktor penting dalam pengelolaan hipertensi, namun banyak pasien kesulitan dalam memilih makanan yang sesuai dengan kondisi mereka. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan sistem pendukung keputusan yang dapat membantu pasien dalam menentukan pilihan makanan sehat secara objektif dan sistematis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menerapkan metode ELECTRE (Elimination Et Choix Traduisant La Realite) dalam menentukan makanan sehat bagi penderita hipertensi. Metode ini digunakan karena mampu menangani berbagai kriteria secara simultan dan memberikan rekomendasi berdasarkan pendekatan matematis. Data diperoleh dari Klinik Serozha melalui wawancara, observasi, serta tinjauan literatur mengenai kandungan gizi makanan.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode ELECTRE mampu memberikan rekomendasi makanan sehat dengan tingkat akurasi 90%, lebih tinggi dibandingkan teknik manual yang hanya mencapai 70%. Selain itu, waktu yang dibutuhkan dalam proses pengambilan keputusan berkurang secara signifikan. Pasien juga menunjukkan tingkat kepuasan yang lebih tinggi terhadap sistem yang diusulkan.Kesimpulannya, metode ELECTRE terbukti efektif dalam membantu penderita hipertensi memilih makanan yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan gizi mereka, sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai referensi dalam pengembangan sistem pendukung keputusan di bidang kesehatan. Kata kunci: hipertensi; makanan sehat; metode electre; pengelolaan kesehatan.

K-MEANS CLUSTERING METHOD FEASIBILITY OF SCHOOL BUILDING REHABILITATION IN KABUPATEN ASAHAN

Nurhani, Irma, Manurung, Nuriadi, Rahayu, Elly
Abstract: Abstract: School building construction is an important part of educational facilities and infrastructure. Many elementary school buildings in Asahan Regency are damaged, unfit for use or lack facilities including classrooms… oms and other supporting infrastructure. The results of the selection that are not transparent in deciding the feasibility of rehabilitation and construction of elementary school buildings are often subjective and time-consuming. This causes decisions to be taken that cannot be made as quickly as possible and inequality, where schools that actually need rehabilitation more do not get priority for rehabilitation. The purpose of this study is to implement data mining in the selection of school building construction projects with the K-Means clustering algorithm in clustering the feasibility of rehabilitation of elementary school building construction. The results of this study found 31 elementary schools that are eligible for school building construction rehabilitation and 4 are not eligible for school building construction rehabilitation. This study is expected to provide a significant contribution in increasing the efficiency of school building construction selection and more transparency towards elementary school buildings to be rehabilitated.        Keywords: education authorities; k-means; rehabilitation and construction of school buildings.    Abstrak: Pembangunan gedung sekolah ialah bagian penting dalam sarana dan prasarana pendidikan.  Banyak gedung Sekolah Dasar di Kabupaten Asahan menderita kerusakan, tidak layak pakai atau kekurangan fasilitas meliputi ruang kelas dan infrastruktur pendukung lainnya. Hasil penyeleksian yang bersifat tidak transparan dalam memutuskan kelayakan rehabilitasi dan pembangunan gedung Sekolah Dasar sering kali bersifat subjektif dan memakan waktu lama.Hal tersebut menyebabkan keputusan yang diambil tidak dapat dilakukan secepat mungkin serta ketimpangan, dimana sekolah yang sebenarnya lebih membutuhkan rehabilitasi justru tidak mendapatkan prioritas untuk direhabilitasi. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah mengimplementasi data mining pada pemilihan proyek pembangunan gedung sekolah dengan algoritma K-Means clustering dalam mengcluster kelayakan rehabilitasi pembangunan gedung sekolah dasar. Hasil Penelitian ini terdapat 31 sekolah dasar layak untuk direhabilitasi pembangunan gedung sekolah dan 4 tidak layak untuk direhabalitasi pembangunan gedung sekolah. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi signifikan dalam menaikkan efisiensi penyeleksian pembangunan gedung sekolah dan lebih transparansi terhadap gedung sekolah dasar yang akan direhabilitasi. Kata kunci: dinas pendidikan; k-means; rehabilitasi dan pembangunan gedung sekolah.

AHP-TOPSIS AND ANOVA METHOD APPROACH IN SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT CRITERIA SELECTION ACCORDING TO ISO 12207:2017

Fadilla, Rizqi Mirza, Ariatmanto, Dhani
Abstract: Abstract: The rapid development of information technology has increased the demand for high-quality software, necessitating a structured development process. ISO/IEC/IEEE 12207:2017 serves as an international standard encompassing… compassing organizational, technical, and project support processes, differing from ISO 9001, which focuses more generally on quality management. This study employs a Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) approach by integrating the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). AHP determines the weight of ISO 12207:2017 criteria through pairwise comparisons, while TOPSIS ranks software development activities based on these weights. To validate the results, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) is applied. The findings indicate that the Software Requirements Definition Process has the highest priority weight (0.169), followed by Implementation (0.101) and Operation (0.095). Software Configuration Management is identified as the most critical activity with the highest TOPSIS score (0.221). ANOVA confirms the reliability of expert evaluations, showing no significant differences. This study provides a structured decision-making framework based on ISO 12207:2017, helping optimize software project management while ensuring alignment with international standards and industry best practices.             Keywords: AHP; TOPSIS; ANOVA; ISO 12207:2017     Abstrak: Perkembangan teknologi informasi meningkatkan permintaan perangkat lunak berkualitas tinggi, sehingga diperlukan proses terstruktur dalam pengembangannya. ISO/IEC/IEEE 12207:2017 menjadi standar internasional yang mencakup proses organisasi, teknis, dan pendukung proyek, berbeda dengan ISO 9001 yang lebih umum pada manajemen kualitas. Penelitian ini menggunakan Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) dengan mengintegrasikan Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) dan Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). AHP menentukan bobot kriteria ISO 12207:2017 melalui perbandingan berpasangan, sementara TOPSIS memeringkat aktivitas pengembangan berdasarkan bobot tersebut. Untuk validasi, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) diterapkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Proses Definisi Kebutuhan Perangkat Lunak memiliki bobot tertinggi (0,169), diikuti Implementasi (0,101), dan Operasi (0,095). Manajemen Konfigurasi Perangkat Lunak menjadi aktivitas paling kritis dengan skor TOPSIS tertinggi (0,221). ANOVA mengonfirmasi keandalan penilaian para ahli tanpa perbedaan signifikan. Penelitian ini memberikan kerangka kerja pengambilan keputusan berbasis ISO 12207:2017, membantu optimalisasi manajemen proyek perangkat lunak, serta memastikan keselarasan dengan standar internasional dan praktek terbaik industri.   Kata kunci: AHP; TOPSIS; ANOVA; ISO 12207:2017

REAL - TIME FACE DETECTION USING MATLAB HAAR CASCADE ALGORITHM

Jannah, Miftahul, Wanayumini, Wanayumini, Ardana, Abdul Aziz, Selase, Septinur, Nurliana, Nurliana
Abstract: Abstract: Face detection remains a challenging task in computer vision due to real-world factors such as uneven lighting, varying viewpoints, distance, and occlusion. This study aims to develop and evaluate a real-time facial… acial feature detection application (detecting face, eyes, nose, and mouth) using MATLAB and a webcam. Detection is performed using the Viola-Jones Cascade Classifier method through the vision.CascadeObjectDetector function. Key parameters that were adjusted include the MergeThreshold (ranging from 4 to 50 depending on the feature) and MinSize (based on estimated feature size within the frame). However, this study does not include tuning of other parameters such as FalseAlarmRate, which constitutes a limitation of the employed method. The adjustment of these parameters proved significant in improving detection accuracy and robustness under varying lighting conditions. Nevertheless, the system still encounters difficulties in detecting facial features in the presence of occlusion. This study also has the potential to serve as a foundation for further developments in face recognition, emotion detection, or biometric authentication.             Keywords: computer vision; haar cascade; MATLAB   Abstrak: Deteksi wajah merupakan tantangan dalam visi komputer karena dipengaruhi oleh kondisi nyata seperti pencahayaan tidak merata, sudut pandang, jarak, dan obstruksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan dan menguji aplikasi deteksi fitur wajah secara real-time (wajah, mata, hidung, dan mulut) menggunakan MATLAB dan kamera webcam. Deteksi dilakukan dengan metode Viola-Jones Cascade Classifier melalui fungsi vision.CascadeObjectDetector. Parameter penting yang disesuaikan adalah MergeThreshold (antara 4 hingga 50 tergantung fitur), MinSize (mengikuti estimasi ukuran fitur dalam frame). Namun, penelitian ini tidak mencakup penyesuaian parameter lain seperti FalseAlarmRate, yang menjadi salah satu keterbatasan metode yang digunakan. Penyesuaian parameter ini terbukti signifikan dalam meningkatkan akurasi deteksi dan ketahanan terhadap variasi kondisi pencahayaan. Namun, sistem masih mengalami kesulitan mendeteksi fitur wajah jika terjadi obstruksi. Penelitian ini juga berpotensi menjadi dasar untuk pengembangan lebih lanjut dalam face recognition, emotion detection, atau biometric authentication.   Kata kunci: visi computer; haar cascade; MATLAB