Abstract:Abstract: The rapid growth of e-commerce mobile applications has generated large volumes of user reviews, making manual sentiment analysis increasingly impractical. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of three machine…
achine learning algorithms Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest, and Naive Bayes for automated sentiment classification of Indonesian-language mobile application reviews. A dataset of 3,000 user reviews from the RupaRupa application on the Google Play Store was collected and preprocessed through normalization, tokenization, stopword removal, and stemming. TF-IDF vectorization was applied for feature extraction, while the Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE) was used to address class imbalance across three sentiment categories: positive, negative, and neutral. The results show that SVM achieved the highest accuracy of 90.02%, while Random Forest obtained the best F1-score of 88.08% when sufficient training data were available. Naive Bayes demonstrated relatively stable performance across varying training data sizes. Furthermore, TF-IDF keyword analysis revealed that negative reviews were primarily associated with delivery issues, technical problems, and pricing concerns. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of machine learning approaches for sentiment classification and provide practical insights for improving mobile application services.
Keywords: sentiment analysis; machine learning; SMOTE; TF-IDF; text classification
Abstrak: Pertumbuhan pesat aplikasi mobile e-commerce telah menghasilkan volume ulasan pengguna yang sangat besar, sehingga analisis sentimen secara manual menjadi semakin tidak praktis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan efektivitas tiga algoritma machine learning Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest, dan Naive Bayes dalam melakukan klasifikasi sentimen otomatis terhadap ulasan aplikasi mobile berbahasa Indonesia. Dataset yang digunakan terdiri dari 3.000 ulasan pengguna aplikasi RupaRupa yang dikumpulkan dari Google Play Store. Data kemudian diproses melalui tahapan preprocessing yang meliputi normalisasi, tokenisasi, penghapusan stopword, dan stemming. Ekstraksi fitur dilakukan menggunakan metode Term Frequency–Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF), sedangkan ketidakseimbangan kelas ditangani menggunakan Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE) pada tiga kategori sentimen, yaitu positif, negatif, dan netral. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa SVM mencapai tingkat akurasi tertinggi sebesar 90,02%, sementara Random Forest memperoleh nilai F1-score terbaik sebesar 88,08% ketika tersedia data pelatihan yang memadai. Naive Bayes menunjukkan performa yang relatif stabil pada berbagai ukuran data pelatihan. Selain itu, analisis kata kunci berbasis TF-IDF mengungkapkan bahwa ulasan negatif terutama berkaitan dengan masalah pengiriman, kendala teknis aplikasi, dan isu harga. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan machine learning efektif untuk klasifikasi sentimen serta memberikan wawasan yang bermanfaat dalam meningkatkan kualitas layanan aplikasi mobile.
Kata Kunci: analisis sentimen; pembelajaran mesin; SMOTE; TF-IDF; klasifikasi teks.
Abstract:Abstract: Automated batik motif classification is challenged by high inter-class similarity and texture complexity. This study proposes a hybrid model integrating MobileNetV2 as a feature extractor and Support Vector Machine…
hine (SVM) as the classifier to optimize accuracy and efficiency. Utilizing a Kaggle dataset of 8,640 images across 20 batik categories, the data was partitioned into 420 training images per class (Dayak: 360) and 15 testing images per class. The results demonstrate superior performance with 96.00% accuracy, exceeding the 90% target. The system showed high computational efficiency with a total execution time of 359.92 seconds and feature extraction taking only 22.63 seconds. This hybrid approach provides an ideal performance balance for resource-constrained mobile applications.
Keywords: batik classification; MobileNetV2; support vector machine; hybrid model; computational efficiency
Abstrak: Klasifikasi motif batik secara otomatis menghadapi tantangan kemiripan visual antar-kelas yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengoptimalkan akurasi dan efisiensi pengenalan batik menggunakan model hibrida MobileNetV2 sebagai pengekstraksi fitur dan Support Vector Machine (SVM) sebagai klasifikator. Menggunakan dataset Kaggle berisi 8.640 citra dari 20 kategori batik, data dibagi menjadi 420 citra latih per kelas (kecuali Batik Dayak 360) dan 15 citra uji per kelas. Hasil eksperimen menunjukkan performa impresif dengan akurasi 96,00%, melampaui target awal 90%. Sistem ini sangat efisien dengan total waktu eksekusi 359,92 detik, di mana ekstraksi fitur hanya membutuhkan 22,63 detik. Kombinasi MobileNetV2 dan SVM memberikan keseimbangan performa ideal untuk implementasi pada perangkat bergerak dengan sumber daya terbatas.
Kata kunci: klasifikasi batik; MobileNetV2; Support Vector Machine; Hybrid Model; efisiensi komputasi
Abstract:Abstract: The rapid growth of e-commerce in Indonesia has increased consumer interactions with digital platforms, particularly Lazada, Tokopedia, and Blibli, resulting in a large volume of customer reviews that reflect consumer…
onsumer experiences and perceptions but have not been optimally utilized in business decision-making. The main issue addressed in this study is how to process customer review data to generate meaningful information regarding consumer opinions. This research aims to apply web scraping techniques to collect customer review data and conduct sentiment analysis to identify trends in consumer opinions across the three e-commerce platforms. The dataset consists of 3,000 customer reviews, with 1,000 reviews collected from each platform, covering aspects such as shopping experience, service quality, delivery process, and customer satisfaction. The research methodology includes data collection through web scraping, text preprocessing for data cleaning and normalization, sentiment analysis using machine learning approaches, and visualization of sentiment results. The findings indicate differences in the distribution of positive, negative, and neutral sentiments across platforms, reflecting variations in consumer experiences and service strategies. These results demonstrate that sentiment analysis based on customer reviews can serve as strategic input to improve service quality, business performance, and marketing strategies in Indonesia’s e-commerce sector.
Keywords: customer reviews; digital services; e-commerce; sentiment analysis; web scarping
Abstrak: Pertumbuhan pesat e-commerce di Indonesia meningkatkan interaksi konsumen dengan platform digital, khususnya Lazada, Tokopedia, dan Blibli, yang menghasilkan ulasan pelanggan dalam jumlah besar sebagai cerminan pengalaman dan persepsi konsumen, namun belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal dalam pengambilan keputusan bisnis. Permasalahan utama penelitian ini adalah bagaimana mengolah data ulasan tersebut agar dapat memberikan informasi yang bermakna mengenai opini konsumen. Penelitian ini bertujuan menerapkan web scraping untuk mengumpulkan data ulasan pelanggan serta melakukan analisis sentimen guna mengidentifikasi tren opini konsumen pada ketiga platform e-commerce tersebut. Data yang digunakan berjumlah 3.000 ulasan pelanggan, dengan masing-masing platform diwakili oleh 1.000 ulasan yang mencakup pengalaman berbelanja, kualitas layanan, proses pengiriman, dan tingkat kepuasan pelanggan. Metode penelitian meliputi pengambilan data menggunakan web scraping, pra-pemrosesan teks untuk pembersihan dan normalisasi data, analisis sentimen dengan pendekatan pembelajaran mesin, serta visualisasi hasil sentimen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan distribusi sentimen positif, negatif, dan netral pada setiap platform, yang mencerminkan variasi pengalaman konsumen dan strategi layanan. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa analisis sentimen berbasis ulasan pelanggan dapat menjadi masukan strategis untuk meningkatkan kualitas layanan, kinerja bisnis, dan strategi pemasaran e-commerce di Indonesia.
Kata kunci: customer reviews; digital services;e-commerce;sentiment analysis;web scarping
Abstract:Abstract: Distributors in the Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) sector, such as CV. Sahabat Jaya Sukses, face significant challenges in inventory control, particularly related to product expiration and stock discrepancies…
s caused by manual recording. This study aims to design and implement a web-based Supply Chain Management (SCM) system that integrates the flow of goods from suppliers to retailers by applying the First Expired First Out (FEFO) method to minimize financial losses due to expired products. The research methodology employs the Waterfall model, which is selected because of its structured and systematic development stages and its suitability for systems with clear and stable requirements, facilitating effective analysis, design, implementation, and testing processes. The research stages include requirements analysis, system design, implementation, and testing. The results show that the SCM system successfully integrates data across the entire supply chain, automates inventory recording, and effectively prioritizes product distribution based on the nearest expiration dates. Black Box testing confirms that all system functionalities, including FEFO logic, operate properly, thereby improving operational efficiency and data accuracy.
Keywords: supply chain management; FEFO; web-based system; distributor; inventory
controls
Abstrak: Distributor di sektor Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) seperti CV. Sahabat Jaya Sukses menghadapi tantangan dalam pengendalian persediaan, khususnya terkait produk kedaluwarsa dan selisih stok akibat pencatatan manual. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang dan mengimplementasikan sistem Supply Chain Management (SCM) berbasis web yang mengintegrasikan aliran barang dari pemasok hingga pengecer dengan menerapkan metode First Expired First Out (FEFO) untuk meminimalkan kerugian akibat produk kedaluwarsa. Metodologi penelitian menggunakan model Waterfall yang dipilih karena memiliki tahapan pengembangan yang terstruktur, sistematis, dan sesuai dengan kebutuhan sistem yang jelas serta stabil, sehingga memudahkan proses perancangan, implementasi, dan pengujian. Tahapan penelitian meliputi analisis kebutuhan, desain sistem, implementasi, dan pengujian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem SCM berhasil mengintegrasikan data di seluruh rantai pasok, mengotomatisasi pencatatan stok, serta memprioritaskan distribusi barang berdasarkan tanggal kedaluwarsa terdekat. Pengujian Black Box membuktikan bahwa seluruh fungsi sistem, termasuk logika FEFO, berjalan dengan baik sehingga meningkatkan efisiensi operasional dan akurasi data.
Kata kunci: distributor; FEFO; manajemen rantai pasok; pengendalian stok; sistem berbasis web
Abstract:Abstract: The growing intensity of cyber attacks, marked by rapid, large-scale, automated, and adaptive execution, requires analytical methods that represent the diversity of network environments, including variations in…
target platforms such as IoT, traditional networks, and hybrid infrastructures. This study compares machine learning models for cyber attack classification under heterogeneous environmental conditions and formulates a conceptual optimization framework based on model performance. Four publicly available benchmark datasets were used, namely UNB CIC IoT 2023, UNB CIC IDS-2018, UNSW-NB15, and a Kaggle cyber security attacks dataset, comprising approximately 40,000 to over 3.6 million records and 25 to 80 features across IoT, conventional, and mixed network environments. Random Forest, XGBoost, Multilayer Perceptron, and Transformer were implemented within a unified pipeline involving preprocessing, feature selection, and Bayesian Optimization-based hyperparameter tuning. All models achieved F1-score and Cohen's Kappa above 96%, with XGBoost performing best (97.80%, 97.26%), followed by Random Forest (97.78%, 96.96%) and Transformer (97.44%, 96.82%), while MLP scored lowest (96.74%, 96.00%), a gap below one percentage point. Confusion matrix analysis revealed persistent misclassification in minority and overlapping attack classes, informing a proposed adaptive cyber attack simulation optimization framework.
Keywords: cyber attacks; optimization; machine learning; environmental variability.
Abstrak: Meningkatnya intensitas serangan siber yang berlangsung cepat, masif, otomatis, dan adaptif menuntut pendekatan analitis yang merepresentasikan keragaman lingkungan jaringan, termasuk perbedaan karakteristik platform sasaran seperti Internet of Things (IoT), jaringan konvensional, dan infrastruktur hibrida. Penelitian ini membandingkan model machine learning untuk klasifikasi serangan siber pada kondisi lingkungan heterogen, sekaligus menyusun kerangka optimasi konseptual berdasarkan performa model. Empat dataset benchmark publik digunakan, yaitu UNB CIC IoT 2023, UNB CIC IDS-2018, UNSW-NB15, serta dataset Kaggle cyber security attacks, dengan jumlah data berkisar 40.000 hingga lebih dari 3,6 juta rekaman dan 25 sampai 80 fitur, mewakili lingkungan IoT, konvensional, dan campuran. Random Forest, XGBoost, Multilayer Perceptron, dan Transformer diimplementasikan melalui pipeline terpadu mencakup pra-pemrosesan, seleksi fitur, dan optimasi hyperparameter berbasis Bayesian Optimization. Seluruh model mencapai F1-score dan Cohen's Kappa di atas 96%, dengan XGBoost menunjukkan performa terbaik (97,80%, 97,26%), diikuti Random Forest (97,78%, 96,96%) dan Transformer (97,44%, 96,82%), sementara MLP mencatat skor terendah (96,74%, 96,00%), dengan selisih kurang dari satu poin persentase. Analisis confusion matrix mengungkap misklasifikasi yang konsisten pada kelas minoritas dan serangan dengan karakteristik serupa, yang menjadi dasar kerangka optimasi simulasi serangan siber adaptif yang diusulkan.
Kata kunci: serangan siber; optimasi; machine learning; variabilitas lingkungan
Abstract:Abstract: Accurate bone age estimation is essential for monitoring pediatric growth, diagnosing endocrine disorders, and supporting clinical decision-making. Although deep learning has improved prediction accuracy, limited…
ed studies have systematically examined how increasing model depth affects performance and reliability. This study evaluates the effectiveness of progressively deeper convolutional neural networks, specifically EfficientNet variants B0 to B5, for bone age estimation from hand radiographs. Experiments were conducted using 12,611 hand X-ray images from the RSNA Pediatric Bone Age Challenge dataset on Kaggle. To ensure fair comparison, all models were trained using a unified and consistent training pipeline. Model performance was evaluated using Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), Concordance Correlation Coefficient (CCC), and Pearson correlation coefficient. The results show a consistent improvement in prediction accuracy as model depth increases. Among the evaluated models, EfficientNet-B5 achieved the best performance, with an MAE of 21.5 months, MAPE of 6.23%, CCC of 0.9148, and Pearson’s r of 0.9203. These findings confirm that model scaling plays a critical role in enhancing prediction robustness and clinical reliability. Future work should emphasize external validation across diverse populations and incorporate interpretability techniques, such as Grad-CAM, to improve clinical transparency and trust.
Keywords: bone age prediction; deep learning; model evaluation; clinical validation
Abstrak: Estimasi usia tulang yang akurat sangat penting untuk memantau pertumbuhan anak, mendiagnosis gangguan endokrin, dan mendukung pengambilan keputusan klinis. Meskipun pembelajaran mendalam telah meningkatkan akurasi prediksi, studi yang secara sistematis meneliti bagaimana peningkatan kedalaman model memengaruhi kinerja dan keandalan masih terbatas. Studi ini mengevaluasi efektivitas jaringan saraf konvolusional yang semakin dalam, khususnya varian EfficientNet B0 hingga B5, untuk estimasi usia tulang dari radiografi tangan. Eksperimen dilakukan menggunakan 12.611 gambar sinar-X tangan dari dataset RSNA Pediatric Bone Age Challenge di Kaggle. Untuk memastikan perbandingan yang adil, semua model dilatih menggunakan alur pelatihan yang terpadu dan konsisten. Kinerja model dievaluasi menggunakan Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), Concordance Correlation Coefficient (CCC), dan koefisien korelasi Pearson. Hasil menunjukkan peningkatan yang konsisten dalam akurasi prediksi seiring dengan peningkatan kedalaman model. Di antara model yang dievaluasi, EfficientNet-B5 mencapai kinerja terbaik, dengan MAE sebesar 21,5 bulan, MAPE sebesar 6,23%, CCC sebesar 0,9148, dan Pearson’s r sebesar 0,9203. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa penskalaan model memainkan peran penting dalam meningkatkan optimasi prediksi dan keandalan klinis. Penelitian selanjutnya dapat menekankan validasi eksternal di berbagai populasi dan menggabungkan teknik interpretasi, seperti Grad-CAM, untuk meningkatkan transparansi dan kepercayaan klinis.
Kata kunci: prediksi usia tulang; deep learning; evaluasi model; validasi klinis
Abstract:Abstract: Understanding students’ emotional conditions is important for evaluating engagement and learning atmosphere in classroom environments. However, conventional evaluation methods are often subjective and difficult…
lt to apply in real time. Therefore, this study proposes a real-time multi-face emotion detection system designed for classroom learning environments. The system integrates a CNN-based Tiny Face Detector for multi-scale face localization with a convolutional neural network to classify seven facial emotions: angry, disgust, fear, happy, sad, surprise, and neutral. Experimental evaluation was conducted using classroom video data under varying lighting conditions, face orientations, partial occlusions, and different numbers of detected faces per frame. The proposed system achieves stable real-time performance with processing speeds ranging from 10–20 FPS, depending on face density. The results show higher recognition performance for expressive emotions, while subtle emotions remain more challenging. Overall classification accuracy reaches above 80% when emotion predictions are aggregated across multiple faces and time windows. These results indicate that the proposed system is suitable for objective analysis of emotional dynamics in classroom environments and supports the deployment of lightweight emotion-aware monitoring systems for educational applications.
Keywords: classroom monitoring; convolutional neural network; facial emotion recognition; multi-face detection; tiny face detector.
Abstrak: Pemahaman terhadap kondisi emosional mahasiswa penting untuk mengevaluasi keterlibatan dan suasana pembelajaran di kelas. Namun, metode evaluasi konvensional umumnya bersifat subjektif dan sulit diterapkan secara real-time. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini mengusulkan sistem deteksi emosi multi-wajah secara real-time yang dirancang untuk lingkungan pembelajaran di kelas. Sistem mengintegrasikan Tiny Face Detector berbasis CNN untuk pelokalan wajah multi-skala dengan jaringan saraf konvolusional untuk mengklasifikasikan tujuh emosi wajah, yaitu marah, jijik, takut, senang, sedih, terkejut, dan netral. Evaluasi eksperimen dilakukan menggunakan data video kelas dengan variasi kondisi pencahayaan, orientasi wajah, oklusi parsial, serta jumlah wajah yang berbeda dalam satu frame. Sistem menunjukkan kinerja real-time yang stabil dengan kecepatan pemrosesan antara 10–20 FPS, bergantung pada kepadatan wajah. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan kinerja yang lebih baik pada emosi ekspresif, sementara emosi dengan ciri halus lebih menantang untuk dikenali. Akurasi klasifikasi keseluruhan mencapai di atas 80% ketika hasil emosi diagregasi berdasarkan banyak wajah dan interval waktu. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa sistem yang diusulkan berpotensi digunakan untuk analisis objektif dinamika emosi di kelas serta mendukung pemantauan lingkungan pembelajaran berbasis kecerdasan buatan.
Kata kunci: pengenalan emosi wajah; deteksi multi-wajah; Tiny Face Detector; jaringan saraf konvolusional; pemantauan kelas.
Abstract:Abstract: The rapid expansion of digital learning environments has increased students’ reliance on Learning Management Systems (LMS), including SPOT UPI. However, limited studies have examined the platform’s overall user…
user experience across all User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ) dimensions. This study aims to evaluate the user experience (UX) of SPOT UPI, identify its strengths and weaknesses, and provide recommendations for system improvement. A quantitative-dominant mixed-method design was applied, involving 81 student respondents for the UEQ survey and two participants for follow-up semi-structured interviews selected through purposive sampling. The UEQ data were analyzed to generate mean scores for six UX dimensions, while interview data were thematically analyzed to support the interpretation of quantitative findings. The results indicate that Perspicuity (1.05) and Efficiency (0.78) achieved the highest scores, reflecting adequate clarity and functionality. In Contrast, Stimulation (0.50) and Novelty (-0.15) were the lowest, indicating limited engagement and innovation. Overall, pragmatic quality (0.84) outperformed hedonic quality (0.17), suggesting that users value functionality more than enjoyment. In conclusion, SPOT UPI is generally usable but lacks aesthetic appeal, emotional engagement, and innovative features, highlighting the need for interface redesign and performance optimization to enhance the overall learning experience.
Keywords: learning management system; user experience; user experience questionnaire
Abstrak: Perkembangan pembelajaran digital membuat mahasiswa semakin bergantung pada Learning Management System (LMS), termasuk SPOT UPI. Meski digunakan secara luas, evaluasi pengalaman pengguna secara komprehensif berdasarkan seluruh dimensi User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ) masih belum banyak dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi user experience (UX) pada SPOT UPI, mengidentifikasi keunggulan dan kelemahannya, serta memberikan rekomendasi perbaikan sistem. Penelitian menggunakan desain penelitian mixed-method dominan kuantitatif, melibatkan 81 responden pada survei UEQ dan dua partisipan pada wawancara semi-terstruktur yang dipilih melalui purposive sampling. Data UEQ dianalisis untuk memperoleh nilai rata-rata pada enam dimensi UX, sedangkan data wawancara dianalisis secara tematik untuk memperkaya interpretasi temuan kuantitatif. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa Perspicuity (1,05) dan Efficiency (0,78) menjadi dimensi dengan skor tertinggi, mencerminkan bahwa SPOT UPI mudah dipahami dan cukup membantu dalam menyelesaikan tugas. Sebaliknya, Stimulation (0,50) dan Novelty (-0,15) memperoleh skor terendah, menandakan rendahnya tingkat keterlibatan dan inovasi yang dirasakan pengguna. Secara keseluruhan, pragmatic quality (0,84) lebih tinggi dibandingkan hedonic quality (0,17), menunjukkan bahwa pengguna lebih mengutamakan aspek fungsional daripada kenyamanan emosional. Temuan tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa SPOT UPI sudah layak digunakan secara fungsional, tetapi masih memerlukan peningkatan pada interface, pengalaman visual, dan fitur inovatif agar dapat memberikan pengalaman belajar digital yang lebih menarik dan optimal.
Kata kunci: learning management system; pengalaman pengguna; user experience questionnaire
Abstract:Abstract: In the era of the Internet of Things (IoT), cyber threats are increasingly complex and dynamic, thus demanding an adaptive and intelligent network security system. This study proposes a Convolutional Neural Network…
work (CNN)-based Intrusion Detection System (IDS) implemented through a Federated Learning (FL) approach in a Non-Independent and Identically Distributed (Non-IID) data environment. This approach allows the model to be trained in a distributed manner across multiple IoT devices without having to collect sensitive data to a central server, thereby maintaining data privacy while increasing the efficiency of the training process. The experiment used the CIC IoT 2023 dataset, which represents various modern IoT network traffic patterns. The results show that the proposed CNN–FL model achieves an overall accuracy of 0.99, with excellent performance in detecting various types of network traffic. The model obtains a perfect recall value (1.00) for normal traffic (Benign), as well as a very high F1-score for DDoS (0.99) and DoS (0.99) attacks. Stable and consistent performance across all five federation rounds demonstrates that this approach is a reliable, efficient, and accurate solution for detecting threats in distributed and privacy-preserving IoT networks.
Keywords: cnn; federated_learning; ids; non-iid; ciciot2023
Abstrak: Dalam era Internet of Things (IoT), ancaman siber semakin kompleks dan dinamis, sehingga menuntut sistem keamanan jaringan yang adaptif dan cerdas. Penelitian ini mengusulkan Intrusion Detection System (IDS) berbasis Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) yang diterapkan melalui pendekatan Federated Learning (FL) pada lingkungan data yang bersifat Non-Independent and Identically Distributed (Non-IID). Pendekatan ini memungkinkan model dilatih secara terdistribusi di berbagai perangkat IoT tanpa harus mengumpulkan data sensitif ke server pusat, sehingga mampu menjaga privasi data sekaligus meningkatkan efisiensi proses pelatihan. Eksperimen menggunakan dataset CIC IoT 2023, yang merepresentasikan berbagai pola lalu lintas jaringan IoT modern. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model CNN–FL yang diusulkan mencapai akurasi keseluruhan sebesar 0.99, dengan performa yang sangat baik dalam mendeteksi berbagai jenis lalu lintas jaringan. Model memperoleh nilai recall sempurna (1.00) untuk lalu lintas normal (Benign), serta nilai F1-score yang sangat tinggi untuk serangan DDoS (0.99) dan DoS (0.99). Kinerja yang stabil dan konsisten di seluruh lima putaran federasi membuktikan bahwa pendekatan ini merupakan solusi yang andal, efisien, dan akurat untuk mendeteksi ancaman pada jaringan IoT yang bersifat terdistribusi dan menjaga privasi (privacy-preserving).
Kata kunci: cnn; federated_learning; ids; non-iid; ciciot2023
Abstract:The development of digital technology encourages universities to improve effectiveness and efficiency in data management, particularly in recording and reporting faculty performance. Some lecturers still face difficulties…
s in reporting their performance in the SISTER application due to challenges in locating documents scattered across various archives, which often leads to issues such as delays in reporting, low information accuracy, and lack of transparency of faculty performance documents for institutional needs. This study aims to optimize the digitalization of faculty performance documents based on cloud computing using the Agile Unified Process (AUP) approach, which is implemented in the development of a cloud-based system by utilizing Google Drive as the storage medium for digital faculty performance documents. The AUP methodology was chosen for its ability to combine flexible iterative and incremental principles, allowing the system to adapt quickly and continuously to user needs. Testing using Equivalence Partitioning, based on the functional and non-functional requirements of the system, has shown results in accordance with expectations.