Abstract:Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis strategi transformasi rumahan Risol Mak Bibi menjadi bisnis UMKM sukses dengan omzet jutaan rupiah di Medan. Metode kualitatif deskriptif melalui studi kasus tunggal menggunakan wawancara…
ncara mendalam semi-struktural dengan pemilik, karyawan, dan pelanggan, observasi partisipan, serta analisis tematik Miles dan Huberman. Hasil menunjukkan omzet stabil Rp200.000/hari (Rp6 juta/bulan) dicapai melalui varian inovasi (sayur, ayam, mayo), lokasi strategis dekat pasar, pemasaran organik melalui WhatsApp/Instagram, dan pengelolaan biaya efisien, meskipun tantangan harga bahan diatasi dengan loyalitas rasa autentik.
Abstract:This study examines the effectiveness of an ADDIE-based negotiation training program implemented for university students from multiple institutions. Using a quantitative one-group pre-test–post-test design, the study evaluates…
valuates whether the structured application of the ADDIE instructional design model leads to measurable improvements in negotiation skills. Data were collected through pre-training and post-training surveys and analyzed using a paired-samples t-test. The results indicate a statistically significant increase in participants’ post-test scores compared to pre-test scores, confirming the effectiveness of the training intervention. The findings further demonstrate that the systematic alignment of needs analysis, instructional design, material development, interactive implementation, and quantitative evaluation contributed to positive learning outcomes. This study contributes to the literature on instructional design and talent development by providing empirical evidence that ADDIE-based training can effectively enhance negotiation skills in higher education contexts.
Abstract:This study aims to deepen the understanding of the contribution of promotion and branding to increasing customer satisfaction at PT. Ino Wangsa Binjai. The study used primary data with a population of 300 buyers, and 75…
respondents were selected as samples through calculations using the Slovin formula. The analysis techniques applied were quantitative, including validity tests, reliability, classical assumptions, simple linear regression, and hypothesis testing through t-tests and coefficients of determination (R²). Based on the analysis results, the promotional mix variable (E_Prmsi) obtained a t-count value of -1.824 with a significance level of 0.072 (> 0.05), while the t-table was 1.99346. Because the t-count is smaller than the t-table, it can be concluded that the promotional mix does not have a significant effect on customer satisfaction. In addition, a negative t-value indicates that the direction of the relationship between the promotional mix and customer satisfaction is not in line. Conversely, the partial test shows that the company's brand variable has a significant effect on customer satisfaction with a significance value of 0.00 (< 0.05). Therefore, the first hypothesis (H1) is declared accepted. From the results of the determination coefficient test, the R Square value is 0.495, which indicates that 49.5% of changes in customer satisfaction can be explained by the company's promotional mix and brand factors, while the remaining 50.5% is influenced by other variables not examined in this study. As a recommendation, the management of PT. Ino Wangsa Binjai, especially the branch manager, is advised to implement a more cost-effective, efficient, and targeted promotional strategy, as well as utilizing social media such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and print media such as newspapers to convey promotional information more effectively.
Abstract:Work stress and motivation are two factors that can influence the increase or decrease in employee performance. This study aims to determine and analyze the effect of work stress and work motivation on employee performance…
ce at the Siantar City Manpower Office. The focus of the study is limited to two independent variables, namely work stress and work motivation, and one dependent variable, namely employee performance. The formulation of the problem raised is whether work stress and work motivation affect employee performance. The population in this study amounted to 58 people who were also used as samples. The approach used is quantitative, with data collection through questionnaires and using secondary data. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression, with hypothesis testing through the t-test (partial), F-test (simultaneous), and the Coefficient of Determination (R²). The results of the study show a regression model Y = 0.550 + 0.447X₁ + 0.398X₂, where X₁ is work stress and X₂ is work motivation. Partially, work stress has a significant effect on employee performance with a significance value of 0.001 (<0.05) and a t-count of 3.543 (> t-table 1.673). Work motivation also shows a partial significant effect with a significance value of 0.002 (<0.05) and a t-count of 3.225 (> t-table 1.673). Simultaneously, both variables have a significant effect on employee performance, with a significance value of 0.000 (<0.05) and an F-count of 34.156 (> F-table 3.17). The coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.554 indicates that 55.4% of the variation in employee performance is influenced by work stress and work motivation, while the remaining 44.6% is influenced by other factors outside this study. Thus, the relationship between work stress, work motivation, and employee performance is quite strong but not dominant.
Abstract:Tax ratio Indonesia dalam beberapa tahun terakhir berada pada kisaran rendah dibanding potensi ekonomi. Dalam konteks tersebut, pemerintah menerapkan kebijakan Pengampunan Pajak melalui Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2016…
16 yang mendefinisikan amnesti sebagai penghapusan pajak terutang dan sanksi perpajakan melalui pengungkapan harta dan pembayaran uang tebusan, dengan tujuan mempercepat pertumbuhan ekonomi, mendorong reformasi perpajakan/perluasan basis data, serta meningkatkan penerimaan pajak. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi efektivitas tax amnesty melalui penutupan celah hukum serta dalam peningkatan tax ratio dan kepatuhan, sekaligus menilai kecukupan desain hukum pasca-amnesti untuk mencegah moral hazard dan memperkuat penegakan. Metode yang digunakan adalah yuridis-normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual, dilengkapi komponen kualitatif deskriptif dan analisis dokumen kebijakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa capaian program bersifat campuran, yaitu partisipasi luas dan penerimaan negara signifikan, tetapi komitmen repatriasi jauh di bawah target, sehingga ruang optimalisasi pasca-amnesti menjadi determinan utama keberlanjutan dampak fiskal. Dari sisi norma, pembatasan pemanfaatan data amnesti menuntut penataan ulang desain kebijakan agar perluasan basis data berujung pada kepatuhan sukarela dan penegakan yang adil, sejalan pembelajaran internasional bahwa amnesti yang berhasil cenderung pengecualian serta disertai penguatan administrasi dan penegakan.
Abstract:Discourse on constitutionalism often emphasizes the existence of a written constitution as the foundation of democratic governance. Yet, constitutionalism is not merely about the text but it is about the lived practices…
that give substance to constitutional ideals. This article interrogates the extent to which participation moves beyond symbolic consultation to become a substantive mechanism that embodies constitutionalism in practice. The central research question is how can meaningful public participation be conceptualized and operationalized as the essence of constitutionalism in legislative processes? It examines constitutional provisions, statutory frameworks, and judicial interpretations in selected jurisdictions. The analysis is enriched by theoretical frameworks of deliberative democracy and participatory constitutionalism, which highlight the normative value of inclusivity, transparency, and accountability in law making. The article concludes that embedding meaningful public participation transforms law-making from a formal exercise of authority into a constitutional practice that legitimizes governance, strengthens democracy.
Abstract:Advances in information and communication technology have spurred substantial changes in legal transaction procedures in Indonesia, primarily through the utilization of electronic agreements. Agreements that were previously…
sly made in traditional paper formats are now frequently conducted digitally, raising legal concerns regarding their legality, validity, evidence, and legal protection for the involved parties, particularly consumers. Although electronic agreements are normatively recognized in the Civil Code (KUHP) and the Law on Electronic Information and Transactions, practical implementation issues persist, leading to legal uncertainty. This research employs a normative legal methodology utilizing statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches. Data was obtained through a literature review of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal sources related to electronic agreements and civil legal protection. Qualitative descriptive analysis was conducted to investigate the legal status of electronic agreements and the legal protection available for the parties within the Indonesian legal framework. The discussion results indicate that electronic agreements possess legal validity and binding force equivalent to traditional agreements, provided they meet the criteria for a valid agreement as outlined in Article 1320 of the Civil Code and the provisions of the Information Technology Law. Legal protection in electronic agreements encompasses legal certainty, the recognition of electronic document and signature evidence, and consumer protection against detrimental standard clauses. Nevertheless, challenges remain in establishing party identification, ensuring the integrity of digital contracts, and addressing power imbalances between commercial entities and consumers. This study concludes that while electronic agreements are legally recognized under Indonesian civil law, enhancing legal protection requires strengthened regulations, consistent law enforcement, and improved legal and digital literacy among the public to ensure secure, fair, and equitable electronic transactions.
Abstract:The ambiguity of the norms in Article 51 of the Law raises issues regarding the validity of copies of corrected deeds and the liability of Notaries towards the parties involved. This study aims to analyze the legal status…
s of the corrected deed copies and the forms of Notaries' responsibility for errors that occur. The research method used is normative juridical legal research with legislative and conceptual approaches, through descriptive qualitative analysis of primary and secondary legal materials. Research findings indicate that corrections to copies of deeds remain valid and equivalent to the deed minutes as long as the errors are administrative in nature and the corrections are made in accordance with regulations, so they do not alter the substance of the deed. However, if corrections are made not in accordance with the UUJN procedures or result in substantial differences with the minutes, then the copy of the deed may be downgraded to a private deed and categorized as a legally defective deed. Notaries are liable in civil, administrative, criminal, and ethical terms, because such negligence constitutes an unlawful act under the concept of liability. In conclusion, corrections to deed copies remain valid as long as they do not change the substance and are carried out according to procedure, while Notaries are obliged to bear legal responsibility for any typing or writing errors arising from their negligence.
Abstract:The advancement of digital technology has brought significant changes to the legal system, particularly in the use of electronic evidence as a means of proof in court. However, the validity of digital forensic evidence is…
s often questioned due to various technical, procedural, and legal challenges. This study aims to analyze the factors contributing to the failure of digital forensic evidence in legal proceedings and to formulate recommendations for improving its validity. The method used is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) by examining various academic sources that discuss issues of digital evidence validity, forensic standards, and emerging legal challenges. The results of the study indicate that the failure of digital evidence generally stems from non-compliance in the processes of data collection and preservation with chain of custody standards, insufficient competence of law enforcement officers in digital technical aspects, and conflicts between legal requirements and data privacy regulations, such as the GDPR and CCPA. The case study of online gambling 2020, at the South Jakarta District Court confirms that the absence of forensic verification and chain of custody documentation caused the digital evidence to lose its probative value. Therefore, it is necessary to establish standardized forensic procedures, provide training and certification for law enforcement officials and forensic experts, and develop national guidelines for managing digital evidence aligned with international standards. This research is expected to contribute to strengthening the integrity and validity of digital evidence, thereby enhancing the enforcement of justice in the digital era.
Abstract:The legal position between the debtor and the debtor in the bond agreement, where the borrower has the right to return proof of ownership of the collateral after the loan payment, while the borrower has the right to a higher…
gher bond amount, and the billing period in accordance with the guarantor who is entitled to payment plus principal (interest) with the borrower's monthly installments including compensation in the event of late payment. Settlement of disputes related to credit agreements, where the person concerned can arbitrate the agreement in question. Legal observations made by the judge in the decision of Case No. 70 / Pdt.G / 2020 / PN.Mdn, where the judge is of the opinion that the plaintiff has won legally there is no action taken by the Defendant on behalf of Mas Arif Fauzan and verstek. The issuance of this decision is binding on both parties because it has permanent legal force ( incracht ) and has become a new law for the parties. The judge made the decision based on previous legal opinions and the judge's belief that presenting a legitimate and persuasive action is a breach of contract.