Abstract:Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are commonly prescribed to manage asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) due to their local anti-inflammatory effects in the airways. However, prolonged or high-dose ICS use…
has been associated with systemic adverse effects, including decreased bone mineral density (BMD) and increased risk of osteoporosis. This review aimed to examine the association between ICS use and the risk of osteoporosis or fractures, and to identify modifying factors such as dose, duration, patient age, sex, and type of corticosteroid used. Literature review was conducted using databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Articles were selected using specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. The review focused on original studies published up to March 2025, resulting in 28 relevant articles, of which 6–8 high-quality studies were analyzed in depth. Most studies demonstrated that long-term or high-dose ICS use is associated with decreased BMD and increased risk of fractures, especially in elderly COPD patients. The greatest risk was linked to fluticasone and budesonide at doses ≥500 µg/day. Some studies found neutral or even protective effects in specific subgroups, indicating population-dependent variability. Meta-analyses revealed conflicting results due to heterogeneity in populations and methodologies. High-dose and long-term ICS use may increase the risk of osteoporosis. Clinicians should consider individualized risk assessments and adopt strategies such as using the lowest effective dose, monitoring BMD, and providing calcium and vitamin D supplementation in at-risk populations.
Abstract:Cardiovascular disease remains a leading cause of death both globally and nationally, with Low Density Lipoprotein(LDL) levels serving as a key biochemical indicator in the screening and management of heart disease. Accurate…
rate LDL testing requires adherence to pre-analytical procedures, particularly fasting for 10-12 hours. This study aimed to describe LDL levels and fasting compliance among outpatient cardiac patients at RSU Prima Medika Denpasar. A descriptive cross-sectional design was used with purposive sampling, involving 35 cardiac outpatients from February to March 2025. Data were collected through interviews and laboratory examinations using the Furuno CA-270 device. Results showed that 71% of respondents had LDL levels >100 mg/dL, indicating high levels, while 29% hadnormal levels (<100 mg/dL). All respondents (100%) complied with the fasting requirement. These findings indicate that high LDL levels are still commonly found among outpatient cardiac patients, particularly in productive-age males. The high level of fasting compliance reflects the effectiveness of pre-analytical patient education. This study emphasizes the importance of routine lipid screening and continuous education to enhance laboratory diagnostic accuracy and prevent cardiovascular complications.
Abstract:Students can recognize gaining knowledge of material if in the mastering manner they use gear and substances referred to as getting to know media. This tool can take the shape of a physical item, inclusive of sporting out…
out experiments to understand standards in actual terms,
along with melting experiments to search for string wavves. Waves are also known as
vibration phenomena that propagate via a medium or maybe without a medium, these
vibrations may be idea of as oscillations that pass from one factor to another, because the
characteristic of an test is real and additionally uses teaching equipment, as well as an
approach for educators to make college students lively and satisfied in studying. This
observe ambitions to analyze the Melde experiment that's usedto decide the traits of waves
in strings. The test become accomplished by using striking a string and growing waves with
a certain frequency. The analysis effects display that Melde's experiment is powerful in
figuring out the properties of waves in strings, the results of those findings may be utilized
in various fields together with physics and engineering. This research utilized literature as
a method, examine methodology. The ranges in the use of the literature technique are looking
at, analyzing, then figuring out, then ultimately several opinions of the research that has
been achieved. There are 25 published articles acquired from various domestic assets
analyzed in this article. via wearing out a Melde test to determine a wave on a string,
students can discover the primary concepts of mechanical waves and college students begin
to have direct enjoy the use of the Melde experiment. And by means of sporting out the Melde
experiment students can be encouraged to recognize the role of tension, string density, and
string duration within the formation of status waves via statistics evaluation from their
personal experiments and are capable of increase students' talents in facts collection,
information evaluation, and the software of bodily principles to waves on strings in context,
experimental.
Abstract:Abstract: Hospitals, as healthcare facilities, have a high level of visitor mobility, particularly in inpatient wards. Therefore, visitor control is necessary to maintain patient comfort, safety, and service quality. Manual…
ual visitor monitoring is considered ineffective and prone to errors. Therefore, this study aims to design and implement an artificial intelligence-based visitor monitoring system for hospital inpatient wards using computer vision technology. The developed system utilizes the YOLOv8 model as an object detection algorithm to automatically detect and count visitors through a camera. Visitor information is displayed through a desktop-based monitoring interface and is equipped with warning notifications via the Telegram application and an automatic alarm if the number of visitors exceeds the limit set by hospital policy. Test results show that the system is capable of performing well in detecting and counting visitors in real time, as well as sending information and warnings responsively. Thus, this system is considered effective as a technology-based hospital management support solution in controlling inpatient ward density and making decisions more quickly and accurately.
Keywords: hospital; inpatient ward; computer vision; yolov8; visitor monitoring
Abstrak: Rumah sakit sebagai fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan memiliki tingkat mobilitas pengunjung yang tinggi, khususnya pada ruang rawat inap, sehingga diperlukan pengendalian jumlah pengunjung untuk menjaga kenyamanan, keselamatan pasien, dan kualitas pelayanan. Pemantauan jumlah pengunjung secara manual dinilai kurang efektif dan rentan terhadap kesalahan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan mengimplementasikan sistem pemantauan jumlah pengunjung ruang rawat inap rumah sakit berbasis kecerdasan buatan menggunakan teknologi computer vision. Sistem yang dikembangkan memanfaatkan model YOLOv8 sebagai algoritma object detection untuk mendeteksi dan menghitung jumlah pengunjung secara otomatis melalui kamera. Informasi jumlah pengunjung ditampilkan melalui antarmuka pemantauan berbasis desktop dan dilengkapi dengan notifikasi peringatan melalui aplikasi Telegram serta alarm otomatis apabila jumlah pengunjung melebihi batas yang ditetapkan sesuai kebijakan rumah sakit. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa sistem mampu bekerja dengan baik dalam mendeteksi dan menghitung jumlah pengunjung secara real-time, serta mengirimkan informasi dan peringatan secara responsif. Dengan demikian, sistem ini dinilai efektif sebagai solusi pendukung manajemen rumah sakit berbasis teknologi dalam pengendalian kepadatan ruang rawat inap dan pengambilan keputusan yang lebih cepat dan akurat.
Kata kunci: rumah sakit; ruang rawat inap; computer vision; yolov8; monitoring pengunjung
Abstract:Abstract: Active Family Planning (FP) participants are one of the indicators of the success of the FP program. This study aims to cluster the level of activity of active FP participants in Asahan Regency using the K-Means…
s method. The data used is data on active FP participants in Asahan Regency in 2021. The results of the study showed that there are three groups of active FP participants based on their level of activity, namely the group with a low level of activity, the group with a medium level of activity, and the group with a high level of activity. The group with a low level of activity consists of 7 districts, namely B.P Mandoge, Pulau Rakyat, Tanjung Balai, Air Batu, Sei Dadap, Pulo Bandring, and Kisaran Barat. The impact of low active FP participants in a district is an increase in the number of unwanted births, an increase in the number of maternal and child deaths, and an increase in population density. The group with a medium level of activity consists of 15 districts, namely Bandar Pulau, Aek Songsongan, Rahuning, Aek Kuasan, Aek Ledong, S. Kepayang, S. Kepayang Barat, S. Kepayang Timur, Teluk Dalam, Buntu Pane, Tinggi Raja, Setia Janji, Meranti, R. Panca Arga, and Silau Laut. The group with a high level of activity consists of 3 districts, namely Simpang Empat, Air Joman, and Kisaran Timur. The impact of the high number of active FP participants in a district is an increase in maternal and child health, an increase in family economy, and an increase in family welfare. The results of this clustering analysis can be used by the National Population and Family Planning Agency (BKKBN) of Asahan Regency to improve public understanding of the importance of birth control. This can be done through socialization throughout the regency, especially in districts where the results of the analysis show that the number of active FP participants is quite large.
Keywords: Family Planning, K-Means, Cluster
Abstrak: Peserta Keluarga Berencana (KB) aktif merupakan salah satu indikator keberhasilan program KB. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan klasterisasi tingkat keaktifan peserta KB aktif di Kabupaten Asahan menggunakan metode K-Means. Data yang digunakan adalah data peserta KB aktif di Kabupaten Asahan tahun 2021. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat tiga kelompok peserta KB aktif berdasarkan tingkat keaktifannya, yaitu kelompok dengan tingkat keaktifan rendah, kelompok dengan tingkat keaktifan sedang, dan kelompok dengan tingkat keaktifan tinggi. Kelompok dengan tingkat keaktifan rendah terdiri dari 7 Kecamatan, yaitu B.P Mandoge, Pulau Rakyat, Tanjung Balai, Air Batu, Sei Dadap, Pulo Bandring, dan Kisaran Barat. Dampak dari rendahnya peserta aktif KB di suatu Kecamatan yaitu meningkatnya angka kelahiran tidak diinginkan, meningkatnya angka kematian ibu dan bayi, dan meningkatnya kepadatan penduduk. Kelompok dengan tingkat keaktifan sedang terdiri dari 15 Kecamatan, yaitu Bandar Pulau, Aek Songsongan, Rahuning, Aek Kuasan, Aek Ledong, S. Kepayang, S. Kepayang Barat, S. Kepayang Timur, Teluk Dalam, Buntu Pane, Tinggi Raja, Setia Janji, Meranti, R. Panca Arga, dan Silau Laut. Kelompok dengan tingkat keaktifan tinggi terdiri dari 3 Kecamatan, yaitu Simpang Empat, Air Joman, dan Kisaran Timur. Dampak dari tingginya peserta aktif KB di suatu Kecamatan yaitu meningkatnya kesehatan ibu dan anak, meningkatnya ekonomi keluarga, dan meningkatnya kesejahteraan keluarga. Hasil analisis klasterisasi ini dapat dimanfaatkan oleh Badan Kependudukan dan Keluarga Berencana Nasional (BKKBN) Kabupaten Asahan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman masyarakat tentang pentingnya pengendalian kelahiran. Hal ini dapat dilakukan melalui sosialisasi di seluruh wilayah kabupaten, khususnya di kecamatan-kecamatan yang hasil analisisnya menunjukkan jumlah peserta KB aktif cukup banyak.
Kata kunci: Keluarga Berencana, K-Means, Klaster
Abstract:Abstract: PT. Mitra Zetta Ugraha Lestari is a company engaged in the contractor and developer sector. Company goal to create quality housing with high quality and use value that gives satisfaction to consumers. This study…
y uses the weighted product method. Some of the factors used as measurement tools are density in the population area, land heigh, distance between main roads, distance from shopping centers and market, distance betwen education or school place. The programming language used in this study are visual basic net 2010 and mysql data base
Keywords: Decision support system, weighted product method, housing.
Abstrak: PT. Mitra Zetta Ugraha Lestari adalah perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang Kontraktor dan Developer. Tujuan perusahaan Mewujudkan perumahan yang berkualitas dan memiliki nilai jualiyang tinggi serta nilai pakaiiyang memberikan kepuasan pada konsumen. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode weighted product. Beberapa faktor yang menjadi alat ukur adalah kepadatanidi area penduduk, ketinggihanitanah, jarak antara jalaniutama, ijarak dengan sentral perbelanjaan/pasar, ijarak antara tempat pendidikan disekolah. Bahasa pemograman yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu Visual Basic NET (VB.NET) 2010 dan MYSQL.
Kata kunci: Sistem pendukung keputusan, metode weighted product, perumahan.
Abstract: Abstract: Based on the results of National Basic Health Research in 2018 according to the proportion of total cholesterol levels in the population aged ≥45 years, 5 stated that as many as ≥10.5% of people had high…
had high cholesterol levels. The factors that cause hypercholesterolemia are nutritional status, especially obesity. Obesity is associated with lipoprotein, decreased High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL), and increased triglycerides and LDL, especially in central obesity. People who have a high percentage of body fat tend to have higher total cholesterol, LDL, and triglycerides compared to people who have normal weight. Nutrition counseling activities are carried out at the Johar Baru District Health Center which will be held on November 7, 2022. Respondents will be given a pre-test form containing 10 true and false statements for 10-15 minutes and then counseling will be carried out through poster media. After that, the respondent was given a post-test form. After 3 days of giving the material, monitoring, and evaluation were carried out on 5 respondents. This Monitoring and Evaluation will be carried out via telephone or the Whatsapp app. Based on the results of bivariate analysis, the results of knowledge obtained were p-value = 0.055 (p-value <0.05) so that it could be concluded that there was no difference in knowledge before and after nutritional education counseling using poster media in PTM patients at the Johar Baru District Health Center, Central Jakarta.
Keywords: cholesterol; fat consumption
Abstrak: Berdasarkan Hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar Nasional pada tahun 2018 menurut proporsi kadar kolesterol total pada penduduk umur ≥45 tahun, 5 menyebutkan bahwa sebanyak ≥10,5% masyarakat memiliki kadar kolesterol tinggi. Adapun faktor penyebab hiperkolesterolemia adalah status gizi terutama obesitas. Terdapat keterkaitan antara obesitas dengan lipoprotein, peningkatan trigliserida dan LDL, penurunan High Density Lipoprotein (HDL), terutama pada obesitas sentral. Individu dengan persen lemak tubuh yang tinggi cenderung memiliki total kolesterol, LDL dan trigliserida yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan individu dengan berat badan normal. Kegiatan penyuluhan gizi dilakukan di Puskesmas Kecamatan johar Baru yang dilaksanakan pada tanggal 7 November 2022. Responden akan diberikan form pre test yang berisikan 10 pernyataan benar dan salah selama 10-15 menit dan selanjutnya akan dilakukan penyuluhan melalui media poster. Setelah itu responden diberikan form post test. Setelah 3 hari pemberian materi dilakukan monitoring dan evaluasi kepada 5 responden. Monitoring dan Evaluasi ini akan dilakukan melalui telepon ataupun app Whatsapp. Berdasarkan hasil analisis bivariat, didapatkan hasil pengetahuan nilai p value = 0.055 (p-value < 0,05) sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan pengetahuan sebelum dan sesudah penyuluhan edukasi gizi menggunakan media poster pada pasien PTM di Puskesmas Kecamatan Johar Baru Jakarta Pusat.
Kata kunci: kolesterol; konsumsi lemak
Abstract:Abstract: Understanding students’ emotional conditions is important for evaluating engagement and learning atmosphere in classroom environments. However, conventional evaluation methods are often subjective and difficult…
lt to apply in real time. Therefore, this study proposes a real-time multi-face emotion detection system designed for classroom learning environments. The system integrates a CNN-based Tiny Face Detector for multi-scale face localization with a convolutional neural network to classify seven facial emotions: angry, disgust, fear, happy, sad, surprise, and neutral. Experimental evaluation was conducted using classroom video data under varying lighting conditions, face orientations, partial occlusions, and different numbers of detected faces per frame. The proposed system achieves stable real-time performance with processing speeds ranging from 10–20 FPS, depending on face density. The results show higher recognition performance for expressive emotions, while subtle emotions remain more challenging. Overall classification accuracy reaches above 80% when emotion predictions are aggregated across multiple faces and time windows. These results indicate that the proposed system is suitable for objective analysis of emotional dynamics in classroom environments and supports the deployment of lightweight emotion-aware monitoring systems for educational applications.
Keywords: classroom monitoring; convolutional neural network; facial emotion recognition; multi-face detection; tiny face detector.
Abstrak: Pemahaman terhadap kondisi emosional mahasiswa penting untuk mengevaluasi keterlibatan dan suasana pembelajaran di kelas. Namun, metode evaluasi konvensional umumnya bersifat subjektif dan sulit diterapkan secara real-time. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini mengusulkan sistem deteksi emosi multi-wajah secara real-time yang dirancang untuk lingkungan pembelajaran di kelas. Sistem mengintegrasikan Tiny Face Detector berbasis CNN untuk pelokalan wajah multi-skala dengan jaringan saraf konvolusional untuk mengklasifikasikan tujuh emosi wajah, yaitu marah, jijik, takut, senang, sedih, terkejut, dan netral. Evaluasi eksperimen dilakukan menggunakan data video kelas dengan variasi kondisi pencahayaan, orientasi wajah, oklusi parsial, serta jumlah wajah yang berbeda dalam satu frame. Sistem menunjukkan kinerja real-time yang stabil dengan kecepatan pemrosesan antara 10–20 FPS, bergantung pada kepadatan wajah. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan kinerja yang lebih baik pada emosi ekspresif, sementara emosi dengan ciri halus lebih menantang untuk dikenali. Akurasi klasifikasi keseluruhan mencapai di atas 80% ketika hasil emosi diagregasi berdasarkan banyak wajah dan interval waktu. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa sistem yang diusulkan berpotensi digunakan untuk analisis objektif dinamika emosi di kelas serta mendukung pemantauan lingkungan pembelajaran berbasis kecerdasan buatan.
Kata kunci: pengenalan emosi wajah; deteksi multi-wajah; Tiny Face Detector; jaringan saraf konvolusional; pemantauan kelas.
Abstract:Abstract: Sipaku Area Village currently has a population of 1963 family cards with a density of 7423 people divided into 8 hamlets. Villages can still register people who do not have an Indonesia Smart Card with the concerned…
erned office by recording the data on the people who have KPS, PKH or SKTM, to get the Indonesia Smart Card (KIP) program, because many people submit applications and there are many criteria that must be taken into account. faced by the Sipaku Area Village Head Office in determining the priority of potential KIP recipients is very difficult, not transparent and inefficient. Therefore, to overcome this problem, it is necessary to have a system for determining the priority of potential KIP recipients by adding some more basic criteria. In this study a decision support system was designed using the AHP (Analitycal Hierarchy Process) method. The results of calculations using the pairwise comparison matrix for the use of criteria show that the most important priority is shown in the status of an active applicant of 0.391, the second priority is the completeness of the files of 0.406, the third priority is the orphanage of 0.095, the fourth priority is parental income of 0.066, and the priority the fifth is a dependent of 0.041. Meanwhile, for alternative use, the data obtained is that the highest value weight determines the recipient of Smart Indonesia Card Assistance (KIP), namely Rizky Amelia Ritonga with a value of 0.171, the second alternative is Rangga Pranata with a value of 0.141 and the third alternative is Elva Radis with a value of 0.124.
Keywords: Smart Indonesian Card Recipients (KIP), AHP Method, PHP and MySQL.
Abstrak: Desa Sipaku Area yang sekarang ini mempunyai jumlah penduduk 1963 kartu keluarga dengan kepadatan 7423 jiwa yang terbagi dalam 8 Dusun. Desa tetap bisa mendaftarkan masyarakat yang tidak memiliki Kartu Indonesia Pintar ke Dinas yang bersangkutan dengan mendata masyarakatnya yang memiliki KPS, PKH atau SKTM, untuk mendapat program Kartu Indonesia Pintar (KIP), karena banyaknya masyarakat mengajukan permohonan dan banyak kriteria yang harus diperhitungkan, sehingga Kendala yang dihadapi oleh pihak Kantor Kepala Desa Sipaku Area dalam menentukan prioritas calon penerima KIP sangat sulit, tidak transparan dan tidak efesien. Oleh Karena itu, untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut perlu adanya sistem dalam menentukan prioritas calon penerima KIP dengan menambahkan beberapa kriteria yang lebih mendasar. Pada penelitian ini dirancang sistem pendukung keputusan menggunakan metode AHP (Analitycal Hierarchy Process). Hasil perhitungan menggunakan matrik perbandingan berpasangan untuk penggunaan kriteria menunjukkan bahwa prioritas yang paling utama ditunjukkan pada status Pemohon aktif sebesar 0.391, prioritas kedua yaitu Kelengkanpan Berkas sebesar 0.406, prioritas ketiga yaitu kondisi yatim piatu sebesar 0.095, prioritas keempat yaitu penghasilan orangtua sebesar 0.066, dan prioritas kelima yaitu tanggungan sebesar 0.041 Sedangkan untuk penggunaan alternatif diperoleh data yaitu bobot nilai paling tinggi menentukan Penerima Bantuan Kartu Indonesia Pintar (KIP) yaitu Rizky Amelia Ritonga dengan nilai 0.171, alternatif kedua Rangga Pranata dengan nilai 0.141 dan alternatif ketiga Elva Radis dengan nilai 0.124.
Kata kunci : Penerima Bantuan PIP, Metode AHP, PHP dan MySQL.