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Showing 271 articles found for "Variable"

DETECTION OF CHILDREN'S NUTRITIONAL STATUS USING MACHINE LEARNING WITH LOGISTIC REGRESSION ALGORITHM

Yuliana, Yuliana, Paradise, Paradise, Qulub, Mudawil
Abstract: Abstract: Children's nutritional issues are an important concern for parents to pay attention to growth and development, especially health and well-being. According to the results of the Ministry of Health's Indonesian Nutrition… utrition Status Survey (SSGI), there are 4 nutritional problems for children in Indonesia, namely stunting, wasting, underweight and everweight. In this research, how to predict signs of symptoms of a decline in a child's nutritional status using a machine learning algorithm, a prediction model was designed using logistic regression in Python IDE to predict whether a child is indicated by a decline in nutrition or not. Dataset from Bengkayang Community Health Center data consisting of 657 pediatric patient data. The dataset is divided into 7 features (independent variables) and 1 predictor (dependent variable). Test results show perfect performance with precision, recall, F1-score, accuracy values of 100%. Then the visualization results on the ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) curve to depict the TP (True Positive) value on the Y axis against the FP (false Positive) value on the become overfit. It is recommended that in preparing the training dataset, measure the training data and reduce the features, after carrying out feature selection to increase the accuracy of the model.             Keywords: child nutritional status; growth and development logistic regression; machine learning   Abstract: Masalah Gizi anak menjadi perhatian penting bagi orangtua untuk memperhatikan tumbuh kembang, terutama kesehatan dan kejahteraan. Menurut hasil survei status Gizi Indonesia (SSGI) Kemenkes memperlihatkan 4 permasalahan gizi anak di Indonesia yaitu stunting, wasting, underweight, dan everweight. Dalam penelitian ini, bagaimana memprediksi tanda gejala penurunan status gizi anak menggunakan  algoritma  machine  learning dirancang model prediksi menggunakan logistic regression pada Python IDE dengan  memprediksi anak  terindikasi  penurunan gizi  atau tidak. Dataset dari data Puskesmas Bengkayang  yang terdiri 657 data pasien anak. Dataset dibagi menjadi 7 feature (variabel independen) dan 1 predictor (variabel dependen). Hasil Pengujian memperlihatkan kinerja yang sempurna dengan nilai presisi, recall,  F1-score, akurasi, sebesar 100%. Kemudian hasil Visualisasi pada kurva ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) untuk menggambarkan nilai TP (True Positif) di sumbu Y terhadap nilai FP (false Positif) di sumbu X juga menunjukkan nilai yang sangat tinggi dan sudah mendekati angka 1 ini pertanda bahwa model ini menjadi overfit. Sebaiknya dalam persiapan training dataset diukur dengan data training dan mengurangi feature, setelah melakukan feature Selection untuk meningkatkan akurasi model.   Keywords: logistic regression; machine learning; status gizi anak; tumbuh kembang

DATA EXPLORATION OF MARINE CULTIVATION TYPES USING CLUSTER ANALYSIS WITH COMPLETE-LINKAGE METHOD

Handayani, Vitri Aprilla, Sulistyono, Eko, Hernando, Luki, Majiid, Arsyil, Sunarsono, Hery
Abstract: Abstract: that the number of catches obtained by fishermen is more optimal. With secondary data based on the type of cultivation developed by fishing communities, the authors intend to explore this data so that they can… examine more deeply the most effective types of cultivation using analysis of variance to find out the differences between each type of cultivation and cluster analysis using the complete linkage method. to find out the grouping of marine culture production based on the types developed by fishing communities in Indonesia. The correlation between the observed variables is 0.008, so it can be said that there is no relationship between the observed variables. In addition, the sig. and t-test. sig value is obtained. > α (5% = 0.05). This means that there is a significant average difference in fish production results based on the type of cultivation developed by fishing communities. With the grouping of types of marine cultivation developed by the Wesleyan community using the complete-linkage method, they are divided into 3 groups based on the degree of similarity in the production results obtained. Cluster 1 consists of Floating Nets, and Pools; Cluster 2 consists of other seas, seaweed, cages, and fishing nets; and Cluster 3 consists of Fresh Floating Nets, Minapadi, and Ponds.             Keywords: Complete-Linkage; Fish Production; Mariculture; Multivariate Analysis; T-test;     Abstrak: Berdasarkan penelitian sebelumnya pada analisis variansi untuk menguji perbedaan rata-rata pada masing-masing perlauan peletakan sudut jarring agar jumlah tangkapan yang diperoleh nelayan lebih optimal. Dengan adanya data sekunder berdasarkan jenis budidaya yang dikembangkan masyarakat nelayan, penulis bermasksud untuk melakukan eksplorasi pada data tersebut agar dapat mengkaji lebih dalam terhadap jenis budidaya yang paling efektif dengan analisis variansi untuk mengetahu perbedaan dari masing-masing jenis budidaya serta analisis cluster dengan metode complate linkage untuk mengetahui adanya pengelompokan hasil produksi bududaya laut berdasarkan jenis yang dikembangkan oleh masyarakat nelayan di Indonesia. Korelasi antar variabel yang diamati sebesar 0.008, maka dapat dikatakan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara variabel yang diamati. Selain itu, hasil uji sig. dan uji t. diperoleh nilai sig. > α (5% = 0.05). Artinya, terdapat perbedaan rata-rata secara signifikan hasil produksi ikan berdasarkan jenis budidaya yang dikembangkan oleh masyarakat nelayan. Dengan adanya pengelompokan jenis budidaya laut yang dikembangkan oleh masyarakat neleyan dengan metode complete-linkage terbagi atas 3 kelompok berdasarkan tingkat kemiripan hasil produksi yang diperoleh. Cluster 1 terdiri dari Jaring Apung, Kolam; Cluster 2 terdiri dari Laut lainnya, Rumput laut, Keramba, Jaring Tancap; dan Cluster 3 terdiri dari Jaring Apung Tawar, Minapadi, Tambak.   Kata kunci: Analisis Multivariate; Budidaya Laut; Complate-Linkage; Produksi Ikan; Uji-t;

APPLICATION OF THE WEIGHTED PRODUCT (WP) METHOD IN DOCTOR PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT

Efendi, Zulfan, Amalia, Amalia, Hambali, Hambali, Pratiwi, Dwi Arisca
Abstract: Abstract: In an effort to increase the spirit of better performance and achievement, an institution gives awards to doctors who are considered outstanding. Setia Husodo Hospital is one of the hospitals which is the center… r of health services in the city of Kisaran. In determining the performance assessment of doctors and leaders, they still use conventional methods. Doctors' performance evaluation is still done manually and the data processing process does not yet use application programs in making decisions. In the process of assessing the performance of doctors as the main professional staff in hospitals, it must be carried out realistically, objectively and based on evidence and specifically according to specialization and/or specific procedures. For this reason, a tool is needed in the form of designing a decision support system (DSS) in evaluating the performance of doctors which aims to understand the deficiencies of the performance that has been carried out, so that it can open up space for improvement or improvements to quality and efficiency in hospitals, for the purpose of providing incentives and reward programs and value-based purchasing strategies for doctors. The method in this study uses the Weighted Product method, with the concept of weighting the rating of an appraisal variable that will be selected as the best alternative. The system to be created is a decision support system using the Weighted Product (WP) method, which is a method of determining the order (priority) in multi-criteria analysis. The results of this system design are expected to be a tool for Setio Husodo Hospital in analyzing and deciding on the performance of doctors who will be given incentives and reward programs as well as value-based purchasing strategies for doctors.   Keywords: decision support system; performance of doctors; weighted product;   Abstrak: Untuk mendorong kinerja yang lebih baik dan semangat berprestasi, institusi memberikan penghargaan kepada dokter yang dianggap berprestasi.Metode tradisional masih digunakan untuk menilai kinerja dokter dan manajer. Evaluasi kinerja dokter masih bersifat manual, dan proses pengolahan data belum menggunakan program aplikasi untuk mengambil keputusan. Proses evaluasi kinerja dokter sebagai anggota staf rumah sakit penuh waktu harus realistis, objektif, berbasis bukti, dan spesifik untuk spesialisasi dan/atau prosedur tertentu. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan perancangan sistem pendukung keputusan (SPK) untuk evaluasi kinerja dokter sebagai alat yang bertujuan untuk memahami kekurangan dalam pelayanan yang diberikan dan memberikan ruang untuk perbaikan dan ruang untuk peningkatan kualitas dan efisiensi. Rumah sakit mendorong dan memberi dokter program penghargaan dan strategi pembelian berbasis nilai. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode weighted product dengan konsep pembobotan evaluasi terhadap satu variabel evaluasi yang dipilih sebagai pilihan terbaik. Sistem yang akan dibuat adalah sistem pendukung keputusan yang menggunakan metode WP (Weighted Product), yaitu metode untuk menentukan urutan (prioritas) dalam analisis multi kriteria. Hasil perancangan sistem ini dimaksudkan sebagai alat bagi RS Setio Husodo untuk menganalisis dan menentukan kinerja dokter penerima program insentif dan reward, serta strategi pembelian berbasis nilai dokter.   Kata kunci: kinerja dokter; sistem pendukung keputusan; weighted product  

RFE, BOXCOX, AND PCA COMPARISON FOR MULTICLASS CLASSIFI-CATION SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE OPTIMIZATION

Wardhana, Indrawata, Isnaini, Vandri Ahmad, Wirman, Rahmi Putri
Abstract: Abstract: The technique of multiclass classification based on SVMs has been widely used. SVM optimization will be accomplished by examining the extraction features of Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Box-Cox Transformation,… ation, and Recursive Feature Elimination (RFE). The dataset contains 13,611 rows and 17 variables, generated from the UCI repository's multiclass dry bean data. Barbunya, Bombay, Cal, Dermas, Horoz, Seker, and Sira are just a few of the dry bean kinds available. The dataset was tested using SVM Linear kernel and SVM Radial Basis.According to the results, the combination of scale-center-BoxCox-SVM Radial extraction achieves the maximum accuracy of 93.16 percent and the shortest processing time of 6.10 minutes. 96.00 percent, 100 percent, 96.71 percent, 95.16 percent, 97.60 percent, 97.74 percent, and 91.95 percent, according to bean class.RFE-SVM Radial has a 91.18 percent accuracy and a processing time of 6.55 minutes. BoxCox outperforms conventional techniques in terms of prediction accuracy while requiring less training time.             Keywords: Bean, PCA, BoxCox, SVM, RFE     Abstrak: Klasifikasi Multikelas menggunakan SVM telah banyak digunakan. Pada penelitian ini akan diuji fitur ekstraksi Principal Component Analysis, Box Cox Transformation dan fitur eliminisi Recursive Feature Elimination untuk mendapatkan optimasi SVM. Dataset berasal dari data multikelas kacang kering UCI repository dengan jumlah 13.611 baris dan 17 variabel. Kelas kacang kering yakni :  Barbunya, Bombay, Cal, Dermas, Horoz, Seker dan Sira. Dataset diuji menggunakan kernel SVM Linier dan SVM Radial Basis. Didapatkan hasil, bahwa kombinasi fitur ekstraksi : scale-center-BoxCox-SVM Radial memiliki akurasi terbaik yakni 93,16% dan waktu proses 6,10 menit. Klasifikasi berdasarkan kelas kacang berturut-turut 96,00%,100%, 96,71%, 95,16%, 97,60%, 97,74% dan 91,95%. RFE- SVM Radial hanya memberikan akurasi sebesar 91,18 % dengan waktu proses sebesar 6.55 menit. Penggunaan BoxCox dibandingkan dengan lainnya, memberikan hasil prediksi lebih baik dan namun tidak mempercepat waktu pelatihan.   Kata kunci: BoxCox; Kacang; PCA; RFE; SVM

PEMANFAATAN FUZZY INFERENCE SYSTEM UNTUK MENENTUKAN DAMPAK COVID-19 TERHADAP PEREKONOMIAN DI KOTA BATAM

Jarti, Nanda
Abstract: Abstract : Corona virus is a very dangerous virus and can kill human life. This virus causes minor illnesses and serious illnesses such as colds or colds, since the emergence of the Corona Virus or Covid 19 paralyzing all… l human activities carried out outside the home. The problem of this research is in the form of the impact of the corona virus on the economy, especially in the city of Batam so that the residents of Batam can overcome this corona virus outbreak to improve the weakening economy. The main objective of this research is to examine the impact of Covid 19 on the economy of the Batam population so that the Batam population can improve the already weakened economy. This study uses Fuzzy Inference Sistym the Mamdani Method for Decision Making, using Operators or through the process of Fuzification of Input Variables, Inference Machines to process rules and produce Defuzification to get the final value     Keywords: corona prediction fuzzy inference system; mamdani method    Abstrak:Virus Corona merupakan  sebuah virus yang sangat berbahaya dan  bisa menghilangkan nyawa manusia. Virus ini  mengakibatkan penyakit  ringan dan penyakit berat  seperti common cold atau pilek, Sejak munculnya Virus Corona  atau Covid 19 melumpuhkan semua  kegiatan aktivitas manusia  yang dilakukan diluar rumah. Permasalahan  Penelitian ini berupa dampak akibat virus corona terhadap perekonomian khususnya pada Kota Batam sehingga penduduk Batam bisa mengatasi Wabah Virus corona ini untuk meningkatkan perekonomian yang semakin melemah. Tujuan Utama Penelitian ini mengkaji Dampak akibat Covid 19 terhadap perekonomian penduduk batam sehingga  penduduk Batam bisa meningkatkan perekonomian yang sudah melemah. Penelitian ini menggunakan Fuzzy Inference Sistem  Metode Mamdani untuk Pengambilan sistem Keputusan, menggunakan Operator Or dan melalui proses Fuzifikasi penentuan Variabel Input, Mesin Inferensi untuk melakukan proses aturan dan menghasilkan Defuzifikasi untuk mendapatkan nilai akhir.   Kata Kunci : fuzzy inference sistem;  metode mamdani; prediksi corona

ANALISIS TINGKAT OBJEKTIFITAS PENGISIAN EDOM UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS PEMBELAJARAN DOSEN

Erlinda, Susi, Anam, M. Khairul, Nasution, Torkis, Ambiyar, Ambiyar, Irfan, Dedy
Abstract: Abstract: Student objectivity in filling out E-EDOM is very necessary, the results of data analysis become the basis for the leadership in making decisions for learning strategies. Previous research has proven that the E-EDOM… -EDOM filling done by students is not objective. Efforts should be made so that students can fill it in seriously. This study aims to determine strategies that can be applied so that students can fill out the E-EDOM very objectively. Starting with analyzing and collecting data through a questionnaire. The Delon and Mclean model is used as a basis for creating questions in the questionnaire and processing the questionnaire data. The data collection technique used a simple random sampling method, with a population of 121 students from Amik Riau STMIK who were active in the 2019-2020 school year. Before processing, the data is tested for validity and reliability. After testing the validity and reliability, then testing the hypothesis to determine the relationship between variables in the Delon and Mc Lean success model. The results showed that each variable showed the effect of a positive relationship that was fully accepted with a value of 0.000. This means that all the variables used in this study are related to one another. Even so, it is necessary to implement several strategies that must be done in an effort to fill out E-EDOM which is very objective by students.   Keywords: e-edom, delon and mclean models, objectivity, students.   Abstrak: Objektifitas mahasiswa dalam mengisi E-EDOM sangat diperlukan, karena hasilnya akan dijadikan dasar oleh pimpinan dalam mengambil keputusan untuk masalah pembelajaran. Berdasarkan penelitian sebelumnya pengisian E-EDOM yang dilakukan mahasiswa masih banyak yang belum mengisinya dengan sangat objektif. Perlu dilakukan upaya agar mahasiswa dapat mengisinya dengan sunggun-sungguh.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan strategi yang dapat diterapkan supaya mahasiswa dapat mengisi E-EDOM dengan sangat objektif. Diawali dengan melakukan analisa dan pengumpulan data melalui kuisioner. Model Delon and Mclean digunakan sebagai dasar untuk membuat pertanyaan dalam kuisioner dan melakukan pengolahan data kuesioner tersebut. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metoda sampling simple random, dengan populasi mahasiswa STMIK Amik Riau yang  aktif pada tahun ajaran 2019-2020 sejumlah 121 orang mahasiswa. Sebelum dilakukan pengolahan, terlebih dahulu data-data tersebut dilakukan uji validitas dan reability. Setelah dilakukan uji validitas dan reability, selanjutnya melakukan uji hipotesis untuk mengetahui hubungan antar variable yang ada pada model Delon and Mc Lean success. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa setiap variable menunjukkan pengaruh hubungan positif dapat diterima seluruhnya dengan nilai 0.000. Artinya semua variable yang digunakan pada penelitian ini memiliki keterkaitan antara satu dengan lainnya. Walaupun demikian perlu diterapkan beberapa strategi yang harus dilakukan dalam upaya pengisian E-EDOM yang sangat objektif oleh mahasiswa.   Kata kunci: e-edom, delon and mclean model, mahasiswa, objektifitas.

PENERAPAN DATA MINING DALAM MENENTUKAN PILIHAN JURUSAN BIDANG STUDI SMA MENGGUNAKAN METODE CLUSTERING DENGAN TEKNIK SINGLE LINKAGE

Syahputra, Trinanda, Halim, Jufri, Sintho, Ery Promo
Abstract: Abstract: One of the ways to improve the quality of high school students is to form a favorite class in which the class will be a flagship class compared to other classes. Students will be selected based on 3 variables,… that is the attendance index, semester average score and also the ethics of the students themselves. Data mining is the mining or discovery of new information by searching for a particular pattern or rule of large amounts of data that is expected to overcome the condition, utilizing data obtained from SMA for grouping students using clustering method using single linkage technique. By using clustering method is expected to make it easier for grouping students - students who go to class XI. So the results of this study will also be used by in determining the students-students who will enter the majors class. Keywords: Data Mining, Clustering, Single Lingkage, Selection of Departments.   Abstrak: Salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan kualitas siswa sekolah menengah adalah dengan membentuk kelas favorit di mana kelas akan menjadi kelas unggulan dibandingkan dengan kelas lain. Siswa akan dipilih berdasarkan 3 variabel, yaitu indeks kehadiran, nilai rata-rata semester dan juga etika siswa itu sendiri. Data mining adalah penambangan atau penemuan informasi baru dengan mencari pola tertentu atau aturan sejumlah besar data yang diharapkan untuk mengatasi kondisi tersebut, memanfaatkan data yang diperoleh dari SMA untuk mengelompokkan siswa menggunakan metode pengelompokan menggunakan teknik hubungan tunggal. Dengan menggunakan metode clustering diharapkan akan mempermudah pengelompokan siswa - siswa yang masuk ke kelas XI. Jadi hasil penelitian ini juga akan digunakan dalam menentukan siswa - siswa yang akan masuk kelas jurusan. Kata kunci: Data Mining, clustering, single lingkage, pemilihan departemen

PENERAPAN METODE BACKPROPAGATION UNTUK MEMPREDIKSI JUMLAH KUNJUNGAN WISATAWAN BERDASARKAN TINGKAT HUNIAN HOTEL

Aulia, Romy
Abstract: Tourism is one of the most important factors for the revenue of an area. To attract the interest of tourists takes some supporting factors, one of which is the hotel or the guesthouse. In the process of prediction of tourists… rists visit, required data the number of tourists staying in order to predict for the next time. The prediction method used in this system is a method of Backpropagation Neural Network based on time series data forecasting component variansi random or random process beginning with autocorrelation for determination of input variables. Method of Backpropagation itself is known quite well used in the forecasting of time series data. The result of the method of Backpropagation is a number of predictions that tourists visit can be a reference for related officials in taking decisions for the period ahead.  

Analisis Konten Kemampuan Berpikir Tingkat Tinggi (HOTS) Dalam Buku Matematika Kelas VII Kurikulum Merdeka

Juwita, Nazwa Alyanda Putri, Luri Nursucita, Nita Kurnia Sari, Hera Azhari Bangun, Maisahara Dalimunthe, Elfira Ramhadani
Abstract: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konten latihan dan soal yang merepresentasikan kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi (HOTS) pada buku teks Matematika kelas VII SMP terbitan Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset,… et, dan Teknologi sebagai bahan ajar Kurikulum Merdeka. Anifarka & Rosnawati (2023) menyatakan bahwa buku teks yang berkualitas seyogianya mampu memfasilitasi perkembangan kognitif peserta didik selaras dengan capaian pembelajaran yang ditetapkan. Metode yang diterapkan dalam kajian ini adalah analisis isi dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Instrumen analisis merujuk pada dimensi kognitif C4 (Menganalisis), C5 (Mengevaluasi), dan C6 (Menciptakan) berdasarkan revisi taksonomi Bloom oleh Anderson & Krathwohl (2001). Temuan penelitian mengindikasikan bahwa dari total 485 butir soal dan aktivitas yang tersebar pada enam bab, sebanyak 147 butir (30,31%) tergolong dalam kategori HOTS. Distribusi HOTS tertinggi ditemukan pada Bab 5 tentang Persamaan dan Pertidaksamaan Linear Satu Variabel (38,46%), sedangkan terendah pada Bab 1 tentang Bilangan (22,80%). Level kognitif yang paling dominan adalah C4-Menganalisis (58,50%), diikuti C5-Mengevaluasi (28,57%), dan C6-Mencipta (12,93%). Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa buku teks Kurikulum Merdeka telah mengintegrasikan HOTS secara lebih sistematis dibandingkan kurikulum sebelumnya (Fanani, 2018)meskipun proporsinya perlu ditingkatkan untuk memenuhi tuntutan pembelajaran abad ke-21. This study aims to analyze the content of exercises and questions representing higher-order thinking skills (HOTS) in the Mathematics textbook for grade VII junior high school published by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology as teaching materials for the Independent Curriculum. Anifarka & Rosnawati (2023) stated that a quality textbook should be able to facilitate students' cognitive development in line with the established learning outcomes. The method applied in this study is content analysis with a qualitative descriptive approach. The analysis instrument refers to the cognitive dimensions C4 (Analyzing), C5 (Evaluating), and C6 (Creating) based on the revised Bloom's taxonomy by Anderson & Krathwohl (2001). The research findings indicate that of a total of 485 questions and activities spread across six chapters, 147 items (30.31%) are classified as HOTS. The highest HOTS distribution was found in Chapter 5 on Linear Equations and Inequalities with One Variable (38.46%), while the lowest was in Chapter 1 on Numbers (22.80%). The most dominant cognitive level is C4-Analyzing (58.50%), followed by C5-Evaluating (28.57%), and C6-Creating (12.93%). This finding indicates that the Independent Curriculum textbooks have integrated HOTS more systematically than the previous curriculum (Fanani, 2018), although the proportion needs to be increased to meet the demands of 21st-century learning. 

Fiscal Decentralization and Regional Financial Independence in Indonesia: A Systematic Literature Review

Selly Swandari, Andriawan Kustiawan, Imelda Veronica Gea, Akbar Lufi Zulfikar
Abstract: This study examines the development of fiscal decentralization and its relationship to regional financial independence in Indonesia through a systematic literature review. The objective is to synthesize empirical and conceptual… ceptual findings published between 2017 and 2026 concerning the determinants, measurement, and consequences of regional financial independence, particularly the role of local own-source revenue (PAD), intergovernmental transfers, and capital expenditure. Using a systematic search of Scopus, Google Scholar, and Garuda databases, 30 relevant articles were screened, selected, and analyzed following defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The review finds that fiscal decentralization consistently strengthens local revenue mobilization and administrative accountability when accompanied by adequate institutional capacity, transparent governance, and effective management of natural and economic resources. However, the effectiveness of decentralization varies considerably across regions due to disparities in economic potential, human resources, and political commitment. The synthesis further shows that financial independence positively affects the quality of public services and regional economic growth, although the relationship is moderated by expenditure efficiency and governance quality. The novelty of this review lies in its integrative framework linking revenue-side determinants, expenditure behavior, and governance mechanisms within a single analytical narrative, an integration rarely addressed jointly in prior single-country studies. The findings offer practical implications for policymakers designing fiscal transfer formulas and for future researchers seeking to test moderating variables such as digitalization and institutional quality in the fiscal decentralization–financial independence nexus.