Abstract:Arabic language learning in pesantren is not conducted solely through the formal curriculum but also through habituation processes that are internalized in the students’ daily lives. Bī’ah lughawiyyah functions as a language…
language environment that serves as a hidden curriculum at Pesantren Ar-Raudlatul Hasanah, namely an implicit curriculum that shapes language competence in a natural and sustainable manner. This study aims to analyze the role of bī’ah lughawiyyah as a hidden curriculum and its influence on the improvement of students’ speaking ability (mahārat al-kalām). This research employs a qualitative approach with a case study design. The research participants consist of students, Arabic language instructors, and pesantren administrators. Data were collected through participant observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation of language-related activities. The data were analyzed thematically through the stages of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing, with data validity strengthened through source and method triangulation. The findings indicate that bī’ah lughawiyyah functions as a hidden curriculum through Arabic language policies, the exemplary practices of instructors, the habituation of communication in daily pesantren life, and non-formal social reinforcement. These practices contribute positively to the enhancement of students’ kalām ability, particularly in terms of speaking confidence, fluency, and spontaneity in oral communication. The findings confirm that bī’ah lughawiyyah as a hidden curriculum plays a strategic role in Arabic language acquisition. Therefore, optimizing the language environment should be positioned as an integral component of Arabic language curriculum development in pesantren.
Abstract:This study examines the legal certainty of financing for Indonesia's Desa Merah Putih Cooperative (KDMP) initiative, analyzing the institutional tension between cooperative independence and state intervention. Rooted in…
the constitutional mandate for cooperatives as a cornerstone of the Indonesian economy, the KDMP program aims to establish 80,000 village-level cooperatives through state-facilitated credit lines and technical assistance. However, this top-down model raises concerns about undermining cooperative autonomy enshrined in Law No. 25/1992 and the principle of subsidiarity. Employing a normative juridical research design, this study draws on secondary data from legal literature and primary legal materials to systematically examine relevant norms and doctrines. Findings reveal a tenuous alignment between state financing mechanisms and cooperative autonomy, primarily due to the proposed reliance on state-owned bank credit lines rather than direct state budget grants, leading to legal ambiguity regarding accountability and oversight. The potential for mass loan defaults and the contentious use of Village Funds as collateral further complicate legal certainty and risk hidden liabilities. Comparative insights from India's Amul cooperative and the Philippines' barangay cooperatives illustrate successful models where government acts as a facilitator without impinging on cooperative self-governance or member control. This study advocates for a recalibrated regulatory approach featuring transparent oversight, proportional supervision, and participatory decision-making to reconcile developmental imperatives with cooperative principles, ultimately enhancing legal certainty and ensuring that state-supported cooperatives remain genuinely member-driven enterprises.
Abstract:Sunnah cupping therapy is a traditional Islamic health practice increasingly embraced for its spiritual and therapeutic benefits. However, its widespread use, especially by uncertified practitioners, raises serious concerns…
rns about patient safety and emergency risks. This study aims to identify key systemic risk factors of medical emergencies related to sunnah cupping and propose an integrative framework combining Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) with modern clinical standards. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed using a systematic literature review of peer-reviewed journals, clinical reports, Islamic texts, and contemporary fatwas. Thematic analysis revealed five major risk categories: lack of medical screening, unlicensed practitioners, hidden comorbidities, absence of emergency protocols, and poor understanding of medical safety. Reported complications included hypovolemic shock, infections, and prolonged wound healing—especially in patients with undiagnosed diabetes or coagulation disorders. The study also found that public misconceptions equating religious merit with clinical safety further worsen these risks. The research highlights the urgent need for standardized medical and sharia-based training, certification systems, and public education. Collaboration among healthcare professionals, Islamic scholars, and educational institutions is essential to establish a safe, accountable, and spiritually valid model of sunnah cupping. Integrating medical protocols with fiqh compliance can significantly reduce emergency incidents, enhance practitioner competency, and preserve the prophetic nature of the practice within a modern health framework. These findings offer a strategic path for safer implementation of prophetic medicine across Muslim communities.
Abstract:The growing dominance of self-image construction in modern religious practice has diminished the authenticity of faith and shifted moral orientation from God toward public approval, indicating the need for an ethical framework…
mework capable of realigning the direction of Christian witness. This study employs Matthew 5:16 as the basis for reinterpreting the ethics of light as a corrective to performance-oriented religiosity and for formulating principles of sincere, theocentric, and contextually relevant faith testimony. The research utilizes literature review and historical-grammatical exegesis of the key Greek terms φῶς (phōs), καλὰ ἔργα (kalā erga), and δοξάσωσιν (doxasōsin), drawing on academic commentaries and recent scholarly findings. The analysis demonstrates that the ethics of light is not merely a moral exhortation but a participatory ethic that positions human beings as reflectors of God’s love rather than autonomous producers of moral virtue. Authentic good works direct glory to the Father, eliminating the pursuit of social recognition and rejecting religious self-presentation. The concept of hidden righteousness emerges as a theological critique of visual culture that prioritizes visible spiritual performance, affirming instead that genuine piety grows through inner integrity and spiritual perseverance. Its relevance to the digital age is expressed through a form of faith witness that promotes justice, solidarity, and consistent spiritual character within public spaces shaped by identity curation. The study concludes that the ethics of light constitutes a spirituality of witness integrating faith, morality, and social responsibility while offering novelty through a theocentric reinterpretation of the ethics of light as a constructive critique of contemporary religious self-imaging and an ethical paradigm for cultivating authentic Christian faith in the digital era.
Abstract:Abstract: This system for predicting volcanic eruptions will produce information that can help BMKG in making decisions to provide warnings to residents around the mountain. This will also help in mitigating volcanic eruptions,…
ptions, evacuating residents in volcanic eruptions. By using artificial neural networks with the backpropagation method, it can be used to predict volcanic eruptions. To conduct this test, criteria and factors that influence this volcanic eruption are needed. This method is tested using Matlab 6.1 software. In this test, various patterns will be carried out to compare the results of the network. From the various patterns tested, it can be seen that the number of epochs used affects the test results and will achieve the desired goal. The more epochs used, the faster the goal will be achieved. Where in the 4-2-1 pattern the goal was found in the 7th epoch with an error value of 0.0987135. This 4-2-1 pattern states that this network is tested with 4 input layers, 2 hidden layers and 1 output layer. The α value (α = learning rate) used is the Default value of 0.1. With this backpropagation method, you get more accurate results by getting smaller error values.
Keywords: backpropagation, matlab 6.1, layer, epoch, goal
Abstrak: Sistem untuk memprediksi gunung meletus ini akan menghasilkan informasi yang bisa membantu BMKG dalam mengambil keputusan untuk memberikan peringatan kepada warga sekitar gunung. Hal ini juga akan membantu dalam mitigasi bencana gunung meletus , evakuasi warga sekitar dalam bencana gunung meletus. Dengan menggunakan jaringan saraf tiruan dengan metode backpropagation bisa digunakan untuk memprediksi gunung meletus. Untuk melakukan pengujian ini dibutuhkan kriteria dan faktor yang mempengaruhi gunung meletus ini. Metode ini diuji dengan menggunakan software Matlab 6.1. Pada pengujian ini akan dilakukan dengan berbagai pola untuk membandingkan hasil dari jaringan tersebut. Dari berbagai pola yang diuji dapat dilihat bahwa jumlah epoch yang dipakai mempengaruhi hasil pengujian dan akan mencapai goal yang diinginkan. Semakin banyak epoch yang dipakai maka akan semakin cepat goal tersebut dicapai. Dimana pada pola 4-2-1 goal ditemukan pada epoch ke 7 dengan nilai eror 0,0987135. Pola 4-2-1 ini menyatakan bahwa jaringan ini diuji dengan 4 jumlah input layer, 2 hidden layer dan 1 output layer. Nilai α (α = learning rate) yang digunakan adalah nilai Default yaitu 0.1. Dengan metode backpropagation ini mendapatkan hasil yang lebih akurat dengan mendapatkan nilai eror yang lebih kecil .
Kata kunci: backpropagation ; epoch ; goal ; layer ; matlab 6.1
Abstract:Hidden Curriculum adalah kurikulum tersembunyi. Tersembunyi berarti tidak dapat dilihat tetapi tidak hilang. Istilah hidden curriculum menunjuk kepada segala sesuatu yang dapat berpengaruh di dalam berlangsungnya pengajaran…
ran dan pendidikan, yang mungkin meningkatkan atau mendorong atau bahkan melemahkan usaha pencapaian tujuan pendidikan. Salah satu nilai pendidikan yang ada pada hidden curriculum adalah nilai kemandirian. Yang dimana nilai kemandirian adalah suatu kemampuan dalam kehidupan untuk berkembang dengan standar tingkah laku untuk menjadi lebih baik. Metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif merupakan metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Dari hasil penelitian, ditemukan bahwa pelaksanaan hidden curriculum tentang nilai kemandirian di MA Darunnajah 2 Cipining sudah cukup baik meliputi : Kegiatan Organisasi, Kegiatan Keagamaan, Kegiatan Pramuka, Kegiatan Ekstrakurikuler dan Pengembangan Diri. Dari hasil penelitian ini penulis merekomendasikan bahwa lembaga pendidikan MA Darunnajah Cipining agar lebih memperhatikan peningkatan pendidikan nilai karakter siswa.
Abstract:This article examines the views of classical and modern scholars on what is related to jilbab. It's a matter of culture. That's more of a moral expression. Nevertheless, this expression invites other meanings that need to…
o be associated according to necessity. This need may be hard to guess, so whatever it means is hidden behind the text. (the hidden texts). Thus, it is perfectly logical that the jellyfish are categorized in the sphere of culture. However, not a few scholars have viewed the figs in the colors of the sacrament, and these sacred values have been regulated according to normative principles. This article will show the diversity of the views of classical and contemporary scholars in understanding the Qur'an as the texts of the Islamic source law relating to the jilbab.
Abstract:This study investigates the formation and sustenance of a Green Organizational Culture within Islamic schools, focusing on the pivotal role of teachers' akhlak (ethical character) and their exemplary behavior (qudwah hasanah)…
anah) as the primary drivers. A Green Organizational Culture is defined as a shared set of values, beliefs, and practices that prioritize environmental stewardship, sustainability, and ecological responsibility as integral to the school's identity and daily operations. Employing an ethnographic case study approach, this research was conducted at two Islamic secondary schools recognized for their proactive environmental programs. Data were gathered through prolonged observation, in-depth interviews with teachers and students, and analysis of school artifacts. Findings reveal that teacher akhlak—manifested as personal environmental mindfulness, consistency between words and actions, and moral motivation rooted in Islamic teachings—is the cornerstone for authentic cultural change. Teachers who embody green values act as transformative agents, legitimizing environmental norms, inspiring student imitation, and embedding sustainability into the hidden curriculum. The study concludes that institutional green policies are insufficient without the cultivation of akhlak-based environmental ethics among educators. It proposes a model of "Akhlak-Based Eco-Pedagogy" for teacher development.
Abstract:Pendidikan karakter merupakan isu strategis dalam pendidikan Islam kontemporer, khususnya dalam merespons krisis moral dan sosial generasi muda. Pondok pesantren dipandang sebagai institusi pendidikan yang memiliki kekhasan…
san dalam pembentukan karakter santri melalui peran kyai dan kultur pesantren. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis secara sistematis peran kyai dan kultur pesantren dalam pembentukan karakter santri berdasarkan temuan literatur ilmiah. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan pedoman PRISMA. Penelusuran literatur dilakukan pada beberapa basis data nasional dan internasional dengan rentang publikasi 2014–2024. Dari hasil seleksi, diperoleh 89 artikel jurnal yang dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan analisis tematik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kyai berperan sebagai aktor sentral dalam pembentukan karakter santri melalui keteladanan moral, otoritas spiritual, dan kepemimpinan nilai. Sementara itu, kultur pesantren berfungsi sebagai hidden curriculum yang menginternalisasi nilai-nilai karakter melalui tradisi keilmuan, kehidupan komunal, dan sistem disiplin. Nilai karakter yang dominan dibentuk meliputi religiusitas, disiplin, tanggung jawab, kemandirian, dan kepedulian sosial. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa pembentukan karakter santri di pesantren merupakan proses kultural yang holistik dan berkelanjutan, serta relevan sebagai model alternatif pendidikan karakter di Indonesia.
Abstract:This study examines the frenemy relationship between Emily and Stephanie in A Simple Favor. Their friendship is complex, blending admiration, competition, and manipulation. Stephanie looks up to Emily but also struggles…
with insecurity, while Emily enjoys maintaining control over Stephanie. Using a qualitative method, this research identifies key factors contributing to their frenemy dynamic, including social comparison, insecurity, past betrayals, and cultural expectations. The findings reveal that their relationship is shaped by both emotional dependence and hidden rivalry, leading to an unstable and toxic bond. Finally, the study highlights how friendships can mask deeper conflicts, where trust and betrayal coexist.