Abstract:External evidence can make retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) more informative, yet retrieved passages also provide a path for adversarial instructions to enter the model context. We examine that path in an English-Indonesian…
onesian RAG system and track cross-lingual indirect prompt injection separately at retrieval, reranking, and generation. The experiment starts from 75 semantic items and evaluates every item in eight query/body/payload language combinations, for 600 paired trials. Qwen3-Embedding-0.6B and BGE-M3 produce top-20 candidate sets, BGE-reranker-v2-m3 reduces each set to five documents, and Qwen3-0.6B answers from the resulting context with either a standard prompt or an explicit trust-boundary prompt. Statistical uncertainty is estimated by resampling semantic items, and paired binary outcomes are modeled with generalized estimating equations. Poison documents reached the top 20 in 80.50% of Qwen trials and 37.67% of BGE-M3 trials (odds ratio 6.94, 95% CI 4.53-10.63). Top-five exposure was 18.50% and 16.17%, respectively. Standard end-to-end attack success was 6.33% for Qwen and 6.00% for BGE-M3; boundary-aware prompting lowered both rates to 1.33%, with no canary false positives. The results indicate that multilingual RAG security depends on several linked stages rather than generation alone.
Abstract:The attendance system at SMK Negeri 1 Talamau has so far been focused mainly on teachers and relies on a fingerprint method that frequently experiences problems such as reading failures, system errors, and delayed data synchronization.…
ynchronization. This research aims to develop a QR Code-based online attendance mobile application that can be used by both teachers and students in real time. The research method used is Research and Development (R&D) with the Waterfall software development model, covering the stages of requirements analysis, design, implementation, testing, deployment, and maintenance. The application was developed using WebApp as the mobile platform, Laravel as the backend, and MySQL as the database. The student attendance process is carried out by scanning a QR Code displayed by the teacher, after which attendance data is automatically stored in the database via a REST API. System testing was conducted through alpha testing (white box and black box) as well as beta testing involving experts and end users. The test results show that all primary system functions run according to the design. Beta testing with experts obtained an average score of 86%, categorized as very good, while beta testing with users obtained an average score of 96%, also categorized as very good. The developed application is considered feasible for use and able to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the attendance process at the school.
Abstract:Advances in information technology have driven digital transformation across many sectors, including education. One administrative service that is still largely handled conventionally is the announcement of student graduation…
ation results and the distribution of Graduation Certificates (Surat Keterangan Lulus/SKL), which makes the delivery of information relatively inefficient. This study aims to build a web-based Student Graduation Information System for vocational high schools (SMK) that simplifies graduation-data management for school administrators and gives students online access to their graduation information. The system was built using the Waterfall method, covering requirements analysis, design, implementation, testing, and maintenance, and was implemented with the Laravel framework, the PHP programming language, a MySQL database, and a Bootstrap interface. It serves two types of users: administrators, who manage graduation data, and students, who can check their graduation status without logging in by entering their National Student Identification Number (NISN). Students who pass can download their SKL directly in PDF format. The system was evaluated through Black Box Testing and the System Usability Scale (SUS). Testing showed that every system function operated as intended, while the usability evaluation returned an average SUS score of 84.5, placing it in the Excellent (Grade A) category. Overall, the system improves the efficiency of school administration, speeds up the delivery of graduation information, and supports the broader digitalization of educational services.
Abstract:Statistik produksi perikanan penting untuk memahami perubahan jangka panjang perikanan pelagis kecil, tetapi data tahunan sering belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal karena keterbatasan literasi dan kemampuan interpretasi data.…
ata. Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan memperkuat literasi data perikanan mahasiswa melalui analisis produksi ikan tembang (Sardinella fimbriata) di Kabupaten Lamongan, Indonesia, tahun 1990–2024. Kegiatan melibatkan enam mahasiswa Program Studi Ilmu Kelautan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Brawijaya, dengan pendekatan edukatif-partisipatif melalui pengenalan data, pengolahan menggunakan Microsoft Excel, visualisasi deret waktu, latihan perhitungan, interpretasi terbimbing, dan diskusi kritis. Dataset transparan yang terdiri atas 35 observasi tahunan dianalisis menggunakan total dan rata-rata produksi, nilai minimum dan maksimum, perubahan absolut dan relatif antartahun, perbandingan antarperiode, serta Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR). Total produksi mencapai 191.156,2 ton dengan rata-rata 5.461,61 ton per tahun dan CAGR keseluruhan 1,87% per tahun. Produksi terendah sebesar 248,5 ton terjadi pada 2009, sedangkan produksi tertinggi mencapai 24.676,8 ton pada 2016. Kenaikan terbesar terjadi pada 2015–2016 sebesar 21.567,8 ton atau 693,72%, sementara penurunan terbesar terjadi pada 2022–2023 sebesar 9.544,1 ton atau 53,84%. Pengamatan deskriptif terhadap luaran pembelajaran menunjukkan bahwa peserta mampu membaca tren produksi, membedakan perubahan absolut dan relatif, membandingkan rata-rata antarperiode dan CAGR, serta menjelaskan bahwa data produksi tidak dapat langsung diartikan sebagai kelimpahan stok ikan. Data perikanan jangka panjang yang transparan dapat digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran kontekstual untuk memperkuat literasi data perikanan yang kritis, sistematis, dan dapat direplikasi.
Abstract:Anak usia balita rentan mengalami kondisi kegawatdaruratan medis di lingkungan rumah, di mana insiden yang paling sering dijumpai adalah tersedak benda asing dan kejang demam. Keterlambatan atau kesalahan dalam penanganan…
n awal di masa golden period (4-6 menit) dapat berakibat fatal, seperti kerusakan otak hingga kematian. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman dan melatih keterampilan praktis ibu rumah tangga di RW 01 Desa Timbuseng, Kabupaten Takalar, dalam melakukan pertolongan pertama secara mandiri. Metode pelaksanaan menggunakan pendekatan partisipatif yang terbagi dalam tahap edukasi kognitif dan pelatihan simulasi (hands-on training) menggunakan alat peraga. Kegiatan ini diikuti oleh 15 ibu rumah tangga. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan yang signifikan dengan rata-rata nilai pre-test 45/100 meningkat menjadi 88/100 pada post-test. Pada capaian psikomotorik, 87% peserta berhasil melakukan manuver back blow, 80% menguasai Heimlich maneuver, serta 100% peserta mampu mempraktikkan posisi miring mantap dan kompres yang tepat. Edukasi dan simulasi terbukti efektif dalam mendekonstruksi mitos penanganan yang keliru dan meningkatkan kesiapsiagaan ibu rumah tangga sebagai first responder kegawatdaruratan anak di rumah.
Abstract:This study aims to analyze students’ experiences in conducting self-assessment using the Duolingo Speak application in speaking skills learning at a higher education institution in Indonesia. The focus of this research covers…
covers five main aspects, namely: students’ self-assessment strategies, increased speaking confidence, improved vocabulary mastery, challenges encountered while using Duolingo Speak, and the enhancement of learner autonomy. This study employs a qualitative approach with a case study method, which aims to gain an in-depth understanding of students’ experiences in utilizing Duolingo Speak as a self-assessment tool in speaking learning. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and documentation involving five students selected through purposive sampling, namely students who had used Duolingo Speak for at least one semester. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis through data organization, coding, theme identification, and conclusion drawing. The findings show that the use of Duolingo Speak provides positive learning experiences for students. The application helps students apply various self-assessment strategies, increases speaking confidence, enriches vocabulary mastery, and fosters learner autonomy. However, several challenges were also found, such as limitations in speech recognition accuracy and feedback that is not yet sufficiently detailed to support optimal reflective learning. Overall, Duolingo Speak can serve as an effective supporting tool in speaking skills instruction when combined with structured self-assessment guidance from lecturers, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learning.
Abstract:The advancement of digital communication has generated a range of ethical challenges, including cyberbullying, insults, negative labeling, the dissemination of unverified information, privacy violations, digital ghibah (backbiting),…
backbiting), polarization, and discrimination. These challenges call for an ethical framework that is not merely technical in nature but is also firmly grounded in Islamic values. This study aims to reconstruct a Qur’an-based digital communication ethics framework through a thematic analysis of Qur’anic interpretation of QS. Al-Hujurat verses 11–13 and to examine its relevance to strengthening character education. This qualitative study employs a library research approach using thematic Qur’anic interpretation, content analysis, and contextual analysis of the Qur’an, classical and contemporary exegetical works, as well as scholarly literature on digital communication and character education. The findings reveal that QS. Al-Hujurat verses 11–13 embody eight ethical principles that can be reconstructed within the context of digital communication: Dignity Protection, Respectful Communication, No Negative Labeling, Critical Verification, Privacy Protection, Responsible Speech, Inclusive Interaction, and Digital Equality. These eight principles are synthesized into the Qur’anic Digital Communication Ethics Framework (QDCEF), which comprises three overarching dimensions: Dignity, Responsibility, and Inclusion. The framework is further mapped onto the character values of respect, empathy, civility, tolerance, critical thinking, objectivity, trustworthiness, responsibility, integrity, justice, and self-control. These findings affirm that QS. Al-Hujurat verses 11–13 are relevant not only as a source of moral and character education but also as a conceptual foundation for reconstructing a digital communication ethics framework that bridges Qur’anic values with the demands of character education in the digital era. The proposed QDCEF thus offers a value-based conceptual framework for fostering ethical, responsible, inclusive, and character-oriented digital communication.
Abstract:Fractional premium schemes in life insurance generally follow two main approaches: True Fractional Premiums, which are easy to implement but less fair to policyholders who die mid-period, and Apportionable Fractional Premiums,…
miums, which are more actuarially fair but administratively more complex. This study designs a Hybrid Fractional Premiums model that combines both approaches through a weighted linear combination using parameter , based on the 2023 Indonesian Mortality Table (TMPI), a 5% interest rate, a 10-year coverage period, and monthly premium payments. This descriptive quantitative study applies actuarial mathematics, covering the present value of insurance benefits, true fractional, apportionable fractional, and hybrid annuity factors, up to premium determination using the equivalence principle. The results show that the hybrid premium consistently lies between the true fractional and apportionable premiums, increases sharply with the insured's age, and is higher for males than females due to differences in mortality rates. Changes in the value of have a linear effect on the premium, although the impact is relatively small (a difference of less than IDR 200 per month). The hybrid model with is recommended as the optimal balance between actuarial fairness and ease of implementation, offering a more flexible alternative for premium determination in Indonesia's life insurance industry.
Abstract:Hubungan antara takdir ilahi, kebebasan manusia, dan pengobatan merupakan persoalan penting dalam pemikiran Islam dan bioetika Islam. Penelitian ini mengkaji mengapa manusia tetap memiliki tanggung jawab moral untuk melakukan…
kukan pengobatan ketika sakit, sembuh, hidup, dan mati berada dalam pengetahuan dan ketetapan Allah. Penelitian menggunakan studi pustaka kualitatif dengan pendekatan filosofis-teologis dan komparatif-konseptual. Al-Qur’an, hadis, pemikiran teologi Islam, serta literatur kontemporer mengenai bioetika Islam, tawakal, fatalisme kesehatan religius, dan perilaku pencarian kesehatan Muslim dianalisis melalui sintesis konseptual. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa takdir ilahi tidak meniadakan agensi manusia. Ikhtiar pengobatan merupakan penggunaan sebab-sebab yang tersedia secara sadar dan bertanggung jawab di dalam tatanan ilahi, sedangkan tawakal melengkapi, bukan menggantikan, ikhtiar. Penelitian ini mengusulkan Model Tiga Ranah Agensi Manusia dalam Pengobatan, yang terdiri atas kondisi yang dialami, respons dan tindakan, serta hasil yang diterima. Tanggung jawab moral terutama berada pada ranah respons dan tindakan, meliputi kemampuan memperoleh informasi, mempertimbangkan alternatif, menentukan pilihan, dan menjalankan pengobatan secara wajar, sedangkan hasil terapi hanya sebagian berada dalam kontrol manusia. Karena itu, kegagalan terapi tidak dapat secara otomatis dipandang sebagai kegagalan moral atau lemahnya tawakal. Kerangka ini mengintegrasikan takdir, agensi manusia, sebab medis, dan tanggung jawab moral serta memberikan dasar teologis bagi perilaku pencarian kesehatan yang bertanggung jawab, dengan relevansi konseptual terhadap Sustainable Development Goal 3.
Abstract:Level design is one of the key components in determining the gameplay experience in 2D platformer games. However, manual level design is time-consuming and difficult to scale. Graph theory can be used to represent the abstract…
stract structure of a level, with nodes as spatial units and edges as paths connecting those spaces. The problem is that this graph structure cannot always be directly translated into a valid and playable physical layout due to platformer constraints, such as jump height, safe distance, and gravity. This research proposes a chunk-based transformation approach, in which each graph node is represented as a fixed-size level chunk containing a platform layout, obstacles, and entry and exit points. The transformation of the graph into a physical level is carried out through the selection, arrangement, and alignment of chunks based on the graph’s topology. This study aims to design a framework for transforming an abstract graph G=(V,E) into a chunk-based 2D platformer level layout. The method used is qualitative-descriptive, involving the formulation of a graph model, rules for mapping and arranging chunks, and playability criteria. The results of the study reveal three main stages: mapping vertices to corresponding chunks, arranging chunks according to the graph’s structure, and validating reachability using an automatic path-finding agent.