Abstract:This study aims to analyze the expenditure patterns of tourists visiting the Ke’te’ Kesu’ Tourist Attraction in North Toraja Regency. Understanding expenditure patterns is crucial for measuring the economic contribution…
ution of tourism to local communities. This research employed a quantitative method using the K-Means Cluster analysis approach to categorize tourists based on their characteristics and spending behaviors. Data collection was conducted through questionnaires, observations, and documentation involving a sample of 50 respondents selected via the accidental sampling technique. The obtained empirical data were subsequently processed using statistical software through descriptive analysis, data preprocessing (data cleaning), the Elbow Method evaluation, and cluster analysis. The computational results demonstrated the formation of three optimal tourist cluster segmentations, specifically groups with low, high, and very high expenditure levels. Significant differences in expenditure patterns for both primary and additional cost attributes were directly influenced by the respondents' characteristics, including age, occupation, income level, place of origin, length of stay, and travel purpose. The findings are expected to serve as a strategic reference for destination managers and local governments in formulating tourism development policies to optimize economic benefits for the surrounding community.
Abstract:Abstract: The Human Development Index (HDI) serves as a critical barometer of local government performance, yet high aggregate scores often conceal stark regional disparities. This study investigates the impact of education…
ion and health expenditure on the HDI across 154 regencies and municipalities in Sumatra, Indonesia, during the 2020–2024 period. Employing a quantitative approach with panel data and multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS, the study tests the partial and simultaneous effects of per capita education and health spending on HDI. The results reveal that both education expenditure (β = 0.314; p < 0.05) and health expenditure (β = 0.228; p < 0.05) have a positive and significant effect on HDI, with the model explaining 42.1 percent of HDI variation (Adjusted R² = 0.421). Education spending exerts a relatively stronger influence than health spending. These findings confirm that public social sector investment is vital for human development; however, its effectiveness varies spatially, with regencies in remote and archipelagic areas experiencing diminishing returns. The study contributes to the literature by highlighting that closing development gaps requires not merely increasing budgets, but formulating spatially adaptive fiscal policies tailored to the unique geographical challenges of each region.
Keywords: Education expenditure, Health expenditure, Human Development Index, Multiple linear regression, Sumatra.
Abstrak: Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM) merupakan barometer penting kinerja pemerintah daerah, namun capaian agregat yang tinggi seringkali menutupi kesenjangan antar wilayah yang tajam. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis dampak belanja pendidikan dan kesehatan terhadap IPM di 154 kabupaten/kota di Pulau Sumatera selama periode 2020–2024. Menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan data panel dan analisis regresi linier berganda berbantuan SPSS, studi ini menguji pengaruh parsial dan simultan belanja pendidikan dan kesehatan per kapita terhadap IPM. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa belanja pendidikan (β = 0,314; p < 0,05) dan belanja kesehatan (β = 0,228; p < 0,05) berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap IPM, dengan model mampu menjelaskan 42,1 persen variasi IPM (Adjusted R² = 0,421). Belanja pendidikan memiliki pengaruh yang relatif lebih kuat dibandingkan belanja kesehatan. Temuan ini mengonfirmasi bahwa investasi publik di sektor sosial sangat vital bagi pembangunan manusia, namun efektivitasnya bervariasi secara spasial, di mana kabupaten/kota di wilayah terpencil dan kepulauan mengalami diminishing returns. Studi ini berkontribusi pada literatur dengan menekankan bahwa menutup kesenjangan pembangunan tidak hanya membutuhkan peningkatan anggaran, melainkan juga kebijakan fiskal yang adaptif secara spasial sesuai dengan tantangan geografis masing-masing daerah.
Kata kunci: Belanja pendidikan, belanja kesehatan, Indeks Pembangunan Manusia, regresi linier berganda, Sumatera.
Abstract:Abstract: This study aims to determine the influence of digital financial literacy and the intensity of social media use on impulsive shopping behavior via online shopping platforms among 10th-grade students at SMA Negeri…
i 10 Medan. This study employs a quantitative method with a causal-associative approach. The study population consists of 252 10th-grade students at SMA Negeri 10 Medan, with a sample of 154 respondents selected using simple random sampling. Data collection was conducted through observation, interviews, documentation, and the distribution of questionnaires using a Likert scale. Data analysis employed multiple linear regression using SPSS version 26. The results indicate that digital financial literacy has a negative and significant effect on impulsive shopping behavior, while the intensity of social media use has a positive and significant effect on impulsive shopping behavior. Simultaneously, digital financial literacy and the intensity of social media use have a significant effect on impulsive spending behavior, contributing 34%, while the remaining 66% is influenced by other variables outside the scope of this study.
Keywords: Digital Financial Literacy; Social Media Usage; Impulsive Shopping Behavior; Online Shopping.
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh literasi keuangan digital dan intensitas penggunaan media sosial terhadap perilaku belanja impulsif melalui platform online shop pada siswa kelas X SMA Negeri 10 Medan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan asosiatif kausal. Populasi penelitian berjumlah 252 siswa kelas X SMA Negeri 10 Medan dengan sampel sebanyak 154 responden yang ditentukan menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, dan penyebaran angket menggunakan skala Likert. Teknik analisis data menggunakan regresi linear berganda dengan bantuan program SPSS versi 26. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa literasi keuangan digital berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap perilaku belanja impulsif, sedangkan intensitas penggunaan media sosial berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap perilaku belanja impulsif. Secara simultan, literasi keuangan digital dan intensitas penggunaan media sosial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap perilaku belanja impulsif dengan kontribusi sebesar 34%, sedangkan sisanya 66% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain di luar penelitian.
Kata Kunci: Literasi Keuangan Digital; Intensitas Penggunaan Media Sosial; Perilaku Belanja Impulsif; Online Shop.
Abstract:Abstract: This study analyzes the potential effects of rupiah redenomination on student spending behavior in Medan City. The objective is to examine whether nominal simplification affects consumption patterns through psychological…
chological responses. The study uses a quantitative approach supported by System Dynamics simulation, with survey data used to calibrate income, spending levels, and perception variables. Three scenarios were tested: baseline, redenomination without psychological effects, and redenomination with psychological effects. The results show that redenomination does not significantly change long-term consumption. However, psychological influence may cause a temporary increase in student spending, with a simulated growth of around 2–3% after redenomination. Sensitivity analysis confirms that variations in income and perception do not drastically affect overall outcomes. In conclusion, redenomination alone does not impact consumption unless accompanied by perception-driven behavioral change. These findings underline the importance of public education in policy implementation.
Keywords: Redenomination; Consumer Behavior; Simulation; System Dynamic
Abstrak: Studi ini menganalisis potensi dampak redenominasi rupiah terhadap perilaku pengeluaran siswa di Kota Medan. Tujuannya adalah untuk menguji apakah penyederhanaan nominal memengaruhi pola konsumsi melalui respons psikologis. Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif yang didukung oleh simulasi Dinamika Sistem, dengan data survei digunakan untuk mengkalibrasi variabel pendapatan, tingkat pengeluaran, dan persepsi. Tiga skenario diuji: dasar, redenominasi tanpa efek psikologis, dan redenominasi dengan efek psikologis. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa redenominasi tidak secara signifikan mengubah konsumsi jangka panjang. Namun, pengaruh psikologis dapat menyebabkan peningkatan sementara dalam pengeluaran siswa, dengan pertumbuhan simulasi sekitar 2–3% setelah redenominasi. Analisis sensitivitas mengonfirmasi bahwa variasi dalam pendapatan dan persepsi tidak secara drastis memengaruhi hasil keseluruhan. Kesimpulannya, redenominasi saja tidak berdampak pada konsumsi kecuali jika disertai dengan perubahan perilaku yang didorong oleh persepsi. Temuan ini menggarisbawahi pentingnya pendidikan publik dalam implementasi kebijakan.
Kata kunci: Redenominasi; Perilaku Konsumen; Simulasi; Dinamika Sistem.
Abstract:Abstract: Regional economic growth is an important indicator in assessing the success of development, where international trade and fiscal policy are two strategic factors that interact in influencing the dynamics of the…
regional economy. Medan city, as a center of trade and logistics in western Indonesia, has a strategic position on the map of international trade, particularly through export-import activities and the movement of goods at Belawan port. On the other hand, local government fiscal policy also determines the effectiveness of development financing through public spending and local tax management. This research aims to comprehensively analyze how international trade and fiscal policy influence economic growth in Medan city, as well as to identify legal and administrative challenges that hinder the optimization of these two factors. The research method used is a normative legal approach with descriptive-analytical methods, supported by secondary data in the form of legal documents, legislation, official statistical reports, and scientific literature. The results of the research show that international trade contributes positively to the economic growth of Medan City, particularly through increased export volume, logistics connectivity, and the role of ports as regional distribution centers. However, there are still various obstacles such as unclear export-import regulations, weak law enforcement, and low coordination among related agencies. Meanwhile, regional fiscal policies show a role in promoting infrastructure development and public services, but have not been optimal due to limited fiscal capacity and high dependence on transfer funds from the central government. In conclusion, although international trade and fiscal policy have a significant influence on the economic growth of the city of Medan, reforms in trade regulations and the strengthening of regional fiscal capacity are necessary to ensure that their contributions can be maximized sustainably. This study recommends the harmonization of cross-sectoral policies, improvement of fiscal institutional quality, and simplification of export-import regulations as strategic steps towards more inclusive and equitable economic growth.
Keyword: International Trade, Fiscal Policy, Economic Growth, Economic Law, Medan City.
Abstrak: Pertumbuhan ekonomi daerah merupakan indikator penting dalam menilai keberhasilan pembangunan, di mana perdagangan internasional dan kebijakan fiskal menjadi dua faktor strategis yang saling berinteraksi dalam memengaruhi dinamika ekonomi regional. Kota Medan sebagai pusat perdagangan dan logistik di wilayah barat Indonesia memiliki posisi strategis dalam peta perdagangan internasional, khususnya melalui aktivitas ekspor-impor dan pergerakan barang di pelabuhan Belawan. Di sisi lain, kebijakan fiskal pemerintah daerah juga turut menentukan efektivitas pembiayaan pembangunan melalui belanja publik dan pengelolaan pajak daerah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis secara menyeluruh bagaimana pengaruh perdagangan internasional dan kebijakan fiskal terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di Kota Medan, serta mengidentifikasi tantangan hukum dan administratif yang menghambat optimalisasi kedua faktor tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan hukum normatif dengan metode deskriptif-analitis, yang didukung oleh data sekunder berupa dokumen hukum, peraturan perundang-undangan, laporan statistik resmi, dan literatur ilmiah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perdagangan internasional memberikan kontribusi positif terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Kota Medan, terutama melalui peningkatan volume ekspor, konektivitas logistik, dan peran pelabuhan sebagai pusat distribusi regional. Namun, masih terdapat berbagai hambatan seperti ketidakjelasan regulasi ekspor-impor, lemahnya penegakan hukum, dan rendahnya koordinasi antarinstansi terkait. Sementara itu, kebijakan fiskal daerah menunjukkan peran dalam mendorong pembangunan infrastruktur dan pelayanan publik, tetapi belum optimal akibat keterbatasan kapasitas fiskal serta ketergantungan tinggi terhadap dana transfer dari pemerintah pusat. Kesimpulannya, meskipun perdagangan internasional dan kebijakan fiskal memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Kota Medan, diperlukan reformasi regulasi perdagangan serta penguatan kapasitas fiskal daerah agar kontribusinya dapat dimaksimalkan secara berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan harmonisasi kebijakan lintas sektor, peningkatan kualitas kelembagaan fiskal, serta penyederhanaan regulasi ekspor-impor sebagai langkah strategis menuju pertumbuhan ekonomi yang lebih inklusif dan berkeadilan..
Kata kunci: Perdagangan Internasional, Kebijakan Fiskal, Pertumbuhan Ekonomi, Hukum Ekonomi, Kota Medan.
Abstract:There are several factors in determining FDI inflows, including market size and household consumption expenditure. Market size is consistently found to be a significant factor in determining FDI inflows. household spending…
ng decisions about food intake are influenced by time restrictions, income, and price. The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of market size and household consumption expenditure on foreign direct investment (FDI). This research uses theoretical literature review as a research method. Authors found that household consumption expenditure affect FDI.
Abstract:This study analyzes the determinants of food insufficiency prevalence across 34 provinces in Indonesia using a quantile regression approach. The research focuses on three key variables: the Food Security Index (IKP), rice…
e productivity (PVP), and per capita food expenditure (PPM), using 2023 cross-sectional data from Statistics Indonesia (BPS). Results from ordinary least squares (OLS) and quantile regression at the 25th, 50th, and 75th percentiles reveal that the Food Security Index has a consistent and significant negative effect on food insufficiency across all quantiles, with the strongest influence observed at the higher quantile (τ = 0.75). In contrast, rice productivity is not statistically significant at any quantile, while per capita food expenditure is only marginally significant at the 25th quantile. These findings suggest that improvements in food security contribute significantly to reducing food inadequacy, especially in regions with high prevalence rates. However, the impact of rice productivity and food spending varies across different segments, implying that context-specific policies are needed. The study recommends targeted government interventions to enhance food access, affordability, and regional food security equity.
Abstract:This study seeks to examine poverty across the regencies and cities on Sumatra Island in 2023 by employing the K-Means Clustering approach. Poverty represents a complicated and multi-faceted societal challenge, shaped by…
various elements including educational attainment, joblessness, income per capita, and spending per capita. The information utilized in this analysis is sourced from the Central Bureau of Statistics, specifically the proportions of impoverished individuals, average duration of education, rates of open unemployment, income per capita, and expenditure per capita. Findings reveal the establishment of three distinct clusters based on poverty attributes: Cluster 1 exhibiting a low poverty level, Cluster 2 displaying a moderate poverty level, and Cluster 3 indicating a high poverty level. Results from the One Way Anova test indicate notable differences in poverty traits across the clusters. It is anticipated that this research will aid the government in developing more suitable and effective strategies for tackling poverty in regions grappling with significant poverty challenges.
Abstract:This study investigates the influence of Financial Literacy on Consumptive Behavior among students, with PayLater Usage as an intervening variable and Self-Control as a moderating variable. The rapid adoption of digital…
credit services, such as PayLater, has reshaped consumption patterns, particularly among young users, by promoting convenience and flexible payment options. This research aims to understand how financial literacy and self-control interact to influence students’ consumption behavior through PayLater usage. Using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with a sample of 100 students from the Faculty of Economics and Business at Universitas Teknologi Sumbawa, the study finds that Financial Literacy has a positive influence on both PayLater Usage and Consumptive Behavior. Interestingly, while financial literacy is generally expected to mitigate consumptive tendencies, it indirectly contributes to impulsive spending by encouraging the use of PayLater. PayLater Usage is identified as an intervening variable that strengthens the relationship between Financial Literacy and Consumptive Behavior, highlighting the role of convenience and perceived purchasing power in promoting consumption. Moreover, Self-Control negatively moderates the relationship between PayLater Usage and Consumptive Behavior, indicating that students with high self-control are less likely to exhibit impulsive spending despite using PayLater.
Abstract:This study examines the impact of government expenditure in education, social protection, public services, infrastructure, community empowerment, investment, and the Human Development Index (HDI) on economic growth in Indonesia’s…
donesia’s Disadvantaged, Frontier, and Outermost (3T) regions before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Employing a quantitative approach, this research analyzes panel data from 62 regencies categorized as 3T regions from 2017 to 2022. The study uses panel data regression analysis to evaluate the influence of these expenditures on economic outcomes. Findings indicate that government spending in the education sector consistently had a positive effect on economic growth before and after the pandemic. Conversely, expenditure in social protection and HDI shifted from having a positive to a negative impact post-pandemic. Meanwhile, investments in public services, infrastructure, and overall investment, which previously had a negative impact, showed a positive influence in the post-pandemic period. Overall, government spending across all sectors had a simultaneous and significant positive effect on economic growth in the 3T regions. These results underscore the need for evidence-based policy interventions to enhance the effectiveness of government spending in promoting equitable economic growth in underdeveloped areas.