Abstract:External evidence can make retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) more informative, yet retrieved passages also provide a path for adversarial instructions to enter the model context. We examine that path in an English-Indonesian…
onesian RAG system and track cross-lingual indirect prompt injection separately at retrieval, reranking, and generation. The experiment starts from 75 semantic items and evaluates every item in eight query/body/payload language combinations, for 600 paired trials. Qwen3-Embedding-0.6B and BGE-M3 produce top-20 candidate sets, BGE-reranker-v2-m3 reduces each set to five documents, and Qwen3-0.6B answers from the resulting context with either a standard prompt or an explicit trust-boundary prompt. Statistical uncertainty is estimated by resampling semantic items, and paired binary outcomes are modeled with generalized estimating equations. Poison documents reached the top 20 in 80.50% of Qwen trials and 37.67% of BGE-M3 trials (odds ratio 6.94, 95% CI 4.53-10.63). Top-five exposure was 18.50% and 16.17%, respectively. Standard end-to-end attack success was 6.33% for Qwen and 6.00% for BGE-M3; boundary-aware prompting lowered both rates to 1.33%, with no canary false positives. The results indicate that multilingual RAG security depends on several linked stages rather than generation alone.
Abstract:Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem influenced by various direct and indirect factors, including maternal knowledge of nutrition, maternal education, and family income. This study aimed to determine the relationship…
p between family characteristics and the incidence of stunting among children aged 24–59 months in Nagari Sinuruik, within the working area of Talu Public Health Center. This study used a quantitative descriptive-analytic method with a cross-sectional design. The study was conducted from February to August 2024, with data collection carried out from June 26 to 30, 2024. The study population consisted of 85 children aged 24–59 months, with a sample of 46 respondents selected using random sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed using the Chi-Square test. The results showed that 26 toddlers (56.5%) experienced stunting, 28 respondents (60.9%) had poor nutritional knowledge, 28 respondents (60.9%) had a lower educational level, and 24 respondents (52.2%) had low family income. There were significant relationships between maternal knowledge and the incidence of stunting (p=0.007), maternal education and the incidence of stunting (p=0.012), and family income and the incidence of stunting (p=0.009). The study concluded that maternal knowledge, maternal education, and family income were associated with the incidence of stunting among children aged 24–59 months. Public health center staff are expected to continue monitoring the nutritional status of toddlers and improve nutrition education for mothers, adolescents, and prospective brides and grooms.
Abstract:Caring behavior is a fundamental value and the core of professional nursing practice that directly contributes to the quality of patient care and recovery. One of the internal factors associated with caring behavior is spiritual…
piritual intelligence, which enables nurses to find meaning and purpose in the care they provide. However, evidence suggests that both nurses' caring behavior and spiritual intelligence still need improvement. This study aimed to examine the relationship between spiritual intelligence and nurses' caring behavior in inpatient wards. This study employed a quantitative analytical correlational design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 53 nurses were recruited using a total sampling technique. Data were collected using the Spiritual Intelligence Self-Report Inventory (SISRI-24) and the Caring Behavior Inventory (CBI). Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test with a significance level of p < 0.05. The findings revealed that less than half of the respondents (47.2%) had low spiritual intelligence, while more than half (54.7%) demonstrated poor caring behavior. Statistical analysis showed a significant relationship between spiritual intelligence and nurses' caring behavior (p = 0.001). Nurses with higher levels of spiritual intelligence tended to demonstrate better caring behavior than those with lower levels of spiritual intelligence. Hospital management is encouraged to consider nurses' spiritual intelligence as an important aspect in efforts to enhance caring behavior and improve the overall quality of nursing services.
Abstract:Steamed sponge cake (bolu kukus) is a widely consumed traditional snack in Indonesia; however, its reliance on refined wheat flour limits its micronutrient and dietary fiber density. Incorporating composite flours from indigenous…
ndigenous crops, such as tropical pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) and green pea (Vigna radiata L.), offers a promising strategy for nutritional fortification and dietary diversification. This study aimed to evaluate the proximate composition, sensory acceptability, statistical differences, and production cost feasibility of steamed sponge cakes formulated with varying proportions of pumpkin and green pea flours as partial replacements for refined wheat flour. An experimental design was applied using three formulations: AF09 (Control: 100% wheat flour), BW91 (10% pumpkin flour, 20% green pea flour), and CB88 (15% pumpkin flour, 15% green pea flour). Proximate testing measured moisture, ash, protein, fat, crude fiber, and total carbohydrates (by difference). Sensory acceptance (color, aroma, taste, and texture) was evaluated by 50 semi-trained panelists using a hedonic scale. Data were analyzed non-parametrically using Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Kruskal-Wallis, and post-hoc Mann-Whitney tests. All formulations complied with the Indonesian National Standard (SNI 01-3840-1995) for moisture (31.69%–33.74%), total ash (0.66%–1.05%), crude protein (5.80%–6.65%), and crude fat (1.64%–2.82%). Formula CB88 achieved the highest crude fiber content (0.69%) and lower total energy density (269.88 kcal/100 g). Kruskal-Wallis testing indicated statistically significant differences (p<0.05) among formulations for color, taste, and texture, while aroma exhibited no significant variation (p=0.672). Formula CB88 emerged as the optimal treatment, receiving superior sensory acceptance ratings for color (90% liked) and crumb softness (88% liked) driven by natural β-carotene and pectin-moisture gelation. Production cost analysis demonstrated high economic feasibility for CB88 at IDR 3,374 per 55 g serving. Partial substitution with 15% pumpkin flour and 15% green pea flour (Formula CB88) yields a nutrient-dense, fiber-enriched, and cost-effective functional snack suitable for targeted school nutrition and dietary diversification programs.
Abstract:This study aims to evaluate the stability of three rock slopes in an artisanal kaolin mine in Semin, Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, using deterministic and probabilistic approaches, and to identify the geotechnical…
parameters most influencing slope stability. The evaluation is conducted in compliance with Indonesian Mining Regulation (Kepmen ESDM No. 1827 K/30/MEM/2018) to provide quantitative geotechnical evidence for a mine that has been operated without prior formal geotechnical assessment. Field data were collected using the scanline method to characterize rock mass discontinuities. Laboratory tests comprising direct shear and physical properties tests were conducted to determine cohesion (c), friction angle (ϕ), and unit weight (γ) for each slope. Seismic coefficient (ks = 0,0913) was incorporated as a dynamic loading parameter. Slope stability was analyzed using the General Limit Equilibrium (GLE) method to obtain the deterministic Factor of Safety (FoS). Monte Carlo simulation (N = 10.000 iterations) was applied to determine the Probability of Failure (PoF), coefficient of variation of FoS (CoV), and reliability index (β). Sensitivity analysis was performed to quantify the contribution of each geotechnical parameter to FoS reduction. Results show that FoS values ranged from 2,019 (Slope III) to 10,55 (Slope II), all exceeding the regulatory minimum of 1,1. The PoF was 0,00% for all three slopes, well below the maximum allowable limit of 25%, with reliability indices ranging from 5,70 to 31,38. The CoV of FoS ranged from 3% to 9%, indicating low dispersion in stability outcomes despite parameter variability. Sensitivity analysis identified cohesion as the most dominant parameter in Slopes I and II, contributing 28% and 31% to FoS reduction respectively, while Slope III exhibited near-equal contributions from cohesion (20%) and friction angle (21%), reflecting its lower shear strength conditions. All three slopes satisfy the acceptance criteria of Kepmen ESDM No. 1827 K/30/MEM/2018 under current geotechnical and geometric conditions. The combined deterministic-probabilistic approach provides a more comprehensive slope safety assessment than deterministic analysis alone and is recommended for application in artisanal kaolin mining operations. Cohesion is identified as the critical parameter to be monitored and preserved to maintain slope stability.
Abstract:Mental and spiritual health are crucial aspects of the patient's recovery process in hospitals. In addition to medical treatment, patients also require psychological and spiritual support to help them cope with the various…
us challenges that arise from their illness. This article aims to describe the implementation of Islamic Guidance and Counseling services to strengthen the mental and spiritual health of patients at Padangsidimpuan Indonesian National Armed Forces Hospital. Services provided include spiritual guidance, religious motivation, prayer guidance, individual counseling, and emotional support for patients and their families. Through an Islamic approach, counselors strive to help patients increase their patience, sincerity, optimism, and inner peace in facing their illness and treatment. The results of the service implementation indicate that Islamic Guidance and Counseling contribute positively to patients' psychological and spiritual well-being. Patients who receive support tend to have a better zest for life, lower anxiety levels, and a stronger ability to accept and cope with their health conditions. Furthermore, spiritual guidance activities also help patients maintain their religious practices during treatment, providing a sense of comfort and increasing hope for recovery. The presence of Islamic Guidance and Counseling services in hospitals not only complements existing healthcare services but also plays a crucial role in achieving holistic and humane care. Therefore, strengthening these services requires continued development to optimally support patients' mental and spiritual well-being and improve the overall quality of healthcare.
Abstract:constrained by limited buyer options, price-information gaps, high distribution costs, inadequate storage facilities, and fragmented product flows. This study examines the effects of market access and logistics efficiency…
y on the competitiveness of salt farmers. A quantitative explanatory survey was conducted with 100 active salt farmers. The three constructs were measured using a five-point Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed through multiple linear regression. Market access had a positive and statistically significant effect on competitiveness (p < 0.05), indicating that broader buyer networks, timely price information, alternative marketing channels, and stronger negotiating opportunities improve farmers’ ability to reach markets and sustain sales. Logistics efficiency also had a positive and significant effect (p < 0.05); reliable transportation, lower distribution costs, appropriate storage, proper handling, and shorter delivery times help preserve quality and reduce avoidable losses. The simultaneous test confirmed that both variables jointly affected competitiveness (p < 0.05). These findings indicate that increasing production alone is insufficient when farmers cannot reach profitable markets through efficient product flows. Collective marketing, transparent market information, shared storage, coordinated transportation, and direct relationships with processing industries are therefore essential for strengthening farmers’ bargaining power and market performance
Abstract:This study aims to analyze the influence of packing machine automation on operator productivity in the facial tissue industry by considering the role of moderation, technical competence and operator workload perception.…
The method used is Systematic Literature Review (SLR) by reviewing scientific articles published in the 2020–2026 range from reputable databases such as Scopus. The selection process was carried out using the PRISMA approach through the identification, screening, eligibility, and inclusion stages, resulting in a number of articles relevant to the topics of industrial automation, labor productivity, technical competence, and workload. The results of the study show that the implementation of packing machine automation in general has a positive impact on increasing operator productivity through time efficiency, quality consistency, and reduction of manual errors. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of automation is highly dependent on the level of technical competence of the operator, especially in the operation, maintenance and troubleshooting of the machine. In addition, workload perception has also been shown to moderate the relationship, where automation can lower physical workloads but potentially increase mental workloads due to the demands of automated system supervision. Other findings suggest that an imbalance between automation levels and human resource readiness can hinder productivity optimization. Conceptually, this study confirms that the relationship between packing machine automation and operator productivity is not linear, but is influenced by individual and psychological factors. The practical implications of this study are the importance of technical competency-based training as well as adaptive workload management in supporting the successful implementation of automation in the manufacturing industry. This research contributes to the development of an integrative model that connects technology, people, and operational performance in the context of the tissue processing industry.
Abstract:The aviation sector is vital for improving national connections and influencing a nation's reputation. Garuda Indonesia is the national airline of Indonesia that faces the challenge of maintaining the corporate image amid…
d competition and rapid digital innovation. Social media, especially Instagram, has become an important medium to improve digital branding and interact with consumers. This study seeks to analyze the impact of brand performance, brand relationship, and brand personality on corporate image via Instagram as a digital branding platform. This research is using quantitative methodology with survey technique with purposive sampling. Multiple linear regression analysis wasperformed on data of 142 Instagram followers of Garuda Indonesia. The findings indicate that brand performance, brand relationship, and brand personality exert positive and significant influences on corporate image, both individually and collectively. Brand personality was the most influential of these elements. The coefficient of determination (R²) was 0.583, which means that the model explains 58.3% of the variance in corporate image. Results show the relevance of integrating functional, emotional and symbolic dimensions in digital branding, with brand personality being a central factor in shaping corporate image.
Abstract:The rapid development of digital financial technology has significantly transformed investment activities by providing easier access to financial markets through digital investment applications. This study aims to explore…
e the perceptions and experiences of beginner investors in making investment decisions in the digital era. Using a qualitative research approach with a phenomenological perspective, data were collected through semi-structured interviews with beginner investors who actively use digital investment applications. The collected data were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify patterns and themes related to investors’ experiences and decision-making processes. The findings reveal that investment decision-making among beginner investors is influenced by several interconnected factors, including the accessibility and usability of digital investment platforms, the influence of social media and online communities, the development of financial literacy, and psychological experiences related to investment gains and losses. Digital investment applications play a crucial role in lowering barriers to market participation by providing user-friendly interfaces and accessible financial information. However, reliance on social media as a source of investment information may also expose investors to misinformation and speculative investment behavior. In addition, emotional responses such as confidence, fear, and uncertainty often influence investment decisions among beginner investors. Overall, the study highlights that investment decision-making in the digital era is a multidimensional process shaped by technological accessibility, social influence, financial knowledge, and psychological factors. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of investor behavior in digital financial environments and emphasize the importance of financial education and responsible investment practices.