Abstract:External evidence can make retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) more informative, yet retrieved passages also provide a path for adversarial instructions to enter the model context. We examine that path in an English-Indonesian…
onesian RAG system and track cross-lingual indirect prompt injection separately at retrieval, reranking, and generation. The experiment starts from 75 semantic items and evaluates every item in eight query/body/payload language combinations, for 600 paired trials. Qwen3-Embedding-0.6B and BGE-M3 produce top-20 candidate sets, BGE-reranker-v2-m3 reduces each set to five documents, and Qwen3-0.6B answers from the resulting context with either a standard prompt or an explicit trust-boundary prompt. Statistical uncertainty is estimated by resampling semantic items, and paired binary outcomes are modeled with generalized estimating equations. Poison documents reached the top 20 in 80.50% of Qwen trials and 37.67% of BGE-M3 trials (odds ratio 6.94, 95% CI 4.53-10.63). Top-five exposure was 18.50% and 16.17%, respectively. Standard end-to-end attack success was 6.33% for Qwen and 6.00% for BGE-M3; boundary-aware prompting lowered both rates to 1.33%, with no canary false positives. The results indicate that multilingual RAG security depends on several linked stages rather than generation alone.
Abstract:The attendance system at SMK Negeri 1 Talamau has so far been focused mainly on teachers and relies on a fingerprint method that frequently experiences problems such as reading failures, system errors, and delayed data synchronization.…
ynchronization. This research aims to develop a QR Code-based online attendance mobile application that can be used by both teachers and students in real time. The research method used is Research and Development (R&D) with the Waterfall software development model, covering the stages of requirements analysis, design, implementation, testing, deployment, and maintenance. The application was developed using WebApp as the mobile platform, Laravel as the backend, and MySQL as the database. The student attendance process is carried out by scanning a QR Code displayed by the teacher, after which attendance data is automatically stored in the database via a REST API. System testing was conducted through alpha testing (white box and black box) as well as beta testing involving experts and end users. The test results show that all primary system functions run according to the design. Beta testing with experts obtained an average score of 86%, categorized as very good, while beta testing with users obtained an average score of 96%, also categorized as very good. The developed application is considered feasible for use and able to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the attendance process at the school.
Abstract:Advances in information technology have driven digital transformation across many sectors, including education. One administrative service that is still largely handled conventionally is the announcement of student graduation…
ation results and the distribution of Graduation Certificates (Surat Keterangan Lulus/SKL), which makes the delivery of information relatively inefficient. This study aims to build a web-based Student Graduation Information System for vocational high schools (SMK) that simplifies graduation-data management for school administrators and gives students online access to their graduation information. The system was built using the Waterfall method, covering requirements analysis, design, implementation, testing, and maintenance, and was implemented with the Laravel framework, the PHP programming language, a MySQL database, and a Bootstrap interface. It serves two types of users: administrators, who manage graduation data, and students, who can check their graduation status without logging in by entering their National Student Identification Number (NISN). Students who pass can download their SKL directly in PDF format. The system was evaluated through Black Box Testing and the System Usability Scale (SUS). Testing showed that every system function operated as intended, while the usability evaluation returned an average SUS score of 84.5, placing it in the Excellent (Grade A) category. Overall, the system improves the efficiency of school administration, speeds up the delivery of graduation information, and supports the broader digitalization of educational services.
Abstract:The reliability of data packet transmission within the deployed Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) security protocol is highly crucial to ensure user data confidentiality. This study aims to analyze the security implementation…
tation of the WPA2-Personal protocol-based WLAN through direct observation of data packet traffic. A qualitative-descriptive research method was applied by conducting packet capturing using the Wireshark application on a small-scale test network utilizing a smartphone as an access point and a laptop as a client. The results demonstrate that all local and internet data communication activities operated stably and were recorded consistently. Packet analysis successfully identified various major protocols, including ARP, DNS, TCP, UDP, TLS, and HTTPS. The implementation of TLS encryption on HTTPS traffic proved capable of protecting the confidentiality of application data content, preventing it from being read in plaintext even though the packets were successfully captured. This study concludes that the combination of WPA2-Personal authentication and the HTTPS communication protocol still provides adequate security protection and remains highly viable for small-scale wireless network environments.
Abstract:Revolusi digital telah mengubah perilaku konsumen hingga ke pelosok pedesaan, membawa implikasi mendalam bagi Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) tradisional. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji pengaruh inovasi produk…
dan pemasaran digital melalui WhatsApp terhadap keputusan pembelian pada Pabrik Tahu di Desa Sumber Ketempa, Kecamatan Kalisat. Pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain asosiatif digunakan, melibatkan 96 responden yang dipilih secara purposive dari populasi 150 konsumen aktif. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner berskala Likert 1-5 dan dianalisis menggunakan regresi linier berganda dengan SPSS 26. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa inovasi produk berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian (t-hitung 5,542 > t-tabel 1,986; signifikansi 0,000), pemasaran digital melalui WhatsApp juga berpengaruh positif dan signifikan (t-hitung 3,381 > t-tabel 1,986; signifikansi 0,001), dan secara simultan kedua variabel menjelaskan 76,7% variasi keputusan pembelian (R²=0,767; F-hitung 151,386 > F-tabel 3,09). Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa inovasi produk dan pemanfaatan WhatsApp sebagai kanal pemasaran digital merupakan strategi komplementer yang efektif bagi UMKM pangan tradisional di pedesaan Indonesia. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan optimalisasi fitur WhatsApp (daftar siaran, katalog produk, dan grup pelanggan) serta pengembangan produk secara berkelanjutan untuk meningkatkan daya saing.
The digital revolution has fundamentally transformed consumer behavior even in remote rural areas, carrying profound implications for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), particularly traditional food producers. This study aims to examine the influence of product innovation and digital marketing through WhatsApp on purchasing decisions at the Tofu Factory in Sumber Ketempa Village, Kalisat District. A quantitative approach with an associative design was employed, involving 96 respondents purposively selected from a population of 150 active consumers. Data were collected through Likert-scale questionnaires (1-5) and analyzed using multiple linear regression with SPSS 26. The results show that product innovation has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions (t-count 5.542 > t-table 1.986; significance 0.000), digital marketing through WhatsApp also has a positive and significant effect (t-count 3.381 > t-table 1.986; significance 0.001), and simultaneously both variables explain 76.7% of the variation in purchasing decisions (R²=0.767; F-count 151.386 > F-table 3.09). These findings confirm that product innovation and the utilization of WhatsApp as a digital marketing channel are complementary strategies effective for traditional food MSMEs in rural Indonesia. This research recommends optimizing WhatsApp features (broadcast lists, product catalogs, and customer groups) and continuous product development to enhance competitiveness.
Abstract:Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis strategi pengembangan pasar yang diterapkan dalam mengatasi stagnasi kunjungan wisatawan (di bawah 50.000 pengunjung per tahun) akibat kejenuhan pasar pada objek wisata religi…
Patung Yesus Buntu Burake di Tana Toraja. Industri pariwisata religi di Indonesia memiliki potensi besar, namun banyak destinasi menghadapi tantangan dalam mempertahankan dan meningkatkan jumlah kunjungan akibat persaingan yang semakin ketat dan perubahan perilaku konsumen. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi langsung, dan dokumentasi. Informan penelitian terdiri atas pengelola objek wisata (Dinas Pariwisata) dan wisatawan yang dipilih secara purposive. Analisis data menggunakan model interaktif Miles dan Huberman yang meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa strategi pengembangan pasar saat ini masih berada pada fase transisi dan belum berjalan secara optimal. Promosi destinasi masih sangat didominasi oleh konten organik (word-of-mouth digital) yang diunggah secara sukarela oleh pengunjung melalui media sosial visual seperti TikTok dan Instagram, sedangkan iklan resmi berbayar dan kemitraan strategis dengan biro perjalanan berskala besar masih sangat minim. Selain itu, ditemukan adanya kesenjangan antara daya tarik utama objek wisata yang dinilai sangat memuaskan dengan kualitas infrastruktur layanan pendukung yang masih memerlukan standardisasi, meliputi aksesibilitas jalan, kebersihan toilet, keterbatasan tempat sampah, serta minimnya fasilitas ramah muslim (muslim-friendly) khususnya kepastian kuliner halal. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa strategi pengembangan pasar memerlukan peralihan pendekatan dari promosi pasif menjadi pemasaran digital berbayar yang terstruktur, perluasan segmen pasar geografis dan demografis, serta peningkatan kualitas fasilitas operasional demi menciptakan kepuasan pengunjung yang berkelanjutan.
This study aims to analyze the market development strategy implemented to overcome the stagnation of tourist visits (under 50,000 visitors per year) caused by market saturation at the religious tourism object of the Jesus Statue Buntu Burake in Tana Toraja. The religious tourism industry in Indonesia has great potential, yet many destinations face challenges in maintaining and increasing visitor numbers due to increasingly intense competition and changing consumer behavior. This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews, direct observation, and documentation. Research informants consisted of tourism site managers (Tourism Office) and tourists selected purposively. Data analysis used the interactive model of Miles and Huberman, including data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results indicate that the current market development strategy is still in a transitional phase and has not operated optimally. Destination promotion is still heavily dominated by organic content (digital word-of-mouth) voluntarily uploaded by visitors on visual social media platforms such as TikTok and Instagram, while official paid advertisements and strategic partnerships with large-scale travel agencies remain highly limited. Furthermore, the study identifies a gap between the core attraction, which is rated highly satisfying, and the quality of supporting service infrastructure that still requires standardization, including road accessibility, toilet cleanliness, availability of trash bins, and the lack of Muslim-friendly facilities, particularly the certainty of halal culinary options. This study concludes that the market development strategy requires shifting from a passive promotion approach to a structured paid digital marketing campaign, expanding geographical and demographic market segments, and upgrading operational facilities to create sustainable visitor satisfaction.
Abstract:Peningkatan prevalensi diabetes melitus dan penyakit metabolik pada usia remaja menjadi perhatian penting dalam bidang kesehatan masyarakat. Pola makan yang tidak sehat dan rendahnya aktivitas fisik merupakan faktor risiko…
ko yang berkontribusi terhadap peningkatan kadar glukosa darah dan tekanan darah sejak usia sekolah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan pola makan dengan kondisi kesehatan metabolik berdasarkan kadar glukosa darah sewaktu (GDS) dan tekanan darah pada siswa SMP Negeri 5 Sungai Kakap. Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui adanya Hubungan Kebiasaan Konsumsi Gula Dengan Kadar Glukosa Darah Sewaktu Dan Tekanan Darah Pada Siswa Smp Negeri 5 Sungai Kakap. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik dengan rancangan Cross Sectional. Sampel penelitian ini berupa cairan biologis berupa darah utuh yang dikumpulkan secara purposive sampling dari sampel siswa smp negeri 5 sungai kakap pada bulan juli 2025. Hasil analisis data menggunakan uji chi-square untuk kebiasaan konsumsi glukosa dengan kadar glukosa menunjukan tidak ada hubungan signifikan p=0,314 (p>0,05) dan kebiasaan konsumsi glukosa dengan tekanan darah menunjukan tidak ada hubungan signifikan p=0,419 (p>0,05). Kesimpulan yang diperoleh bahwa tidak ada Hubungan Kebiasaan Konsumsi Gula Dengan Kadar Glukosa Darah Sewaktu Dan Tekanan Darah Pada Siswa Smp Negeri 5 Sungai Kakap. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa meskipun sebagian besar siswa memiliki kondisi kesehatan metabolik yang normal, masih terdapat remaja yang berisiko mengalami gangguan metabolik. Oleh karena itu, skrining kesehatan secara berkala, edukasi gizi, dan penerapan pola hidup sehat perlu dilakukan sejak usia remaja sebagai upaya pencegahan penyakit metabolik dan peningkatan derajat kesehatan di lingkungan sekolah.
The increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus and metabolic diseases among adolescents has become a critical public health concern. Unhealthy dietary habits and low physical activity are key risk factors contributing to elevated blood glucose levels and blood pressure from school age. This study aims to analyze the relationship between dietary habits and metabolic health conditions based on random blood glucose (RBG) levels and blood pressure among students at SMP Negeri 5 Sungai Kakap. Specifically, this study aims to determine the relationship between sugar consumption habits, random blood glucose levels, and blood pressure in students of SMP Negeri 5 Sungai Kakap. This analytical study utilized a cross-sectional design. The research samples consisted of whole blood biological fluids collected through purposive sampling from students at SMP Negeri 5 Sungai Kakap in July 2025. Data analysis using the chi-square test showed no significant relationship between glucose consumption habits and blood glucose levels (p=0.314; p>0.05). Similarly, there was no significant relationship between glucose consumption habits and blood pressure (p=0.419; p>0.05). In conclusion, there is no relationship between sugar consumption habits, random blood glucose levels, and blood pressure among students at SMP Negeri 5 Sungai Kakap. These findings indicate that although most students have normal metabolic health conditions, some adolescents remain at risk for metabolic disorders. Therefore, regular health screening, nutritional education, and the implementation of a healthy lifestyle must be conducted from adolescence as a preventive measure against metabolic diseases and to improve health status within the school environment.
Abstract:This study aims to analyze students’ experiences in conducting self-assessment using the Duolingo Speak application in speaking skills learning at a higher education institution in Indonesia. The focus of this research covers…
covers five main aspects, namely: students’ self-assessment strategies, increased speaking confidence, improved vocabulary mastery, challenges encountered while using Duolingo Speak, and the enhancement of learner autonomy. This study employs a qualitative approach with a case study method, which aims to gain an in-depth understanding of students’ experiences in utilizing Duolingo Speak as a self-assessment tool in speaking learning. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and documentation involving five students selected through purposive sampling, namely students who had used Duolingo Speak for at least one semester. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis through data organization, coding, theme identification, and conclusion drawing. The findings show that the use of Duolingo Speak provides positive learning experiences for students. The application helps students apply various self-assessment strategies, increases speaking confidence, enriches vocabulary mastery, and fosters learner autonomy. However, several challenges were also found, such as limitations in speech recognition accuracy and feedback that is not yet sufficiently detailed to support optimal reflective learning. Overall, Duolingo Speak can serve as an effective supporting tool in speaking skills instruction when combined with structured self-assessment guidance from lecturers, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learning.
Abstract:This study aims to analyze the financial feasibility of the SF'Barik Nutmeg Jam IKM business in Beong Village, Siau Tengah Subdistrict, Sitaro Regency. The research method used was a case study with a quantitative descriptive…
riptive approach. Data were collected through questionnaires administered to 40 respondents. The results of the study Break-Even Point (BEP), show that the total production cost for the agroindustry is Rp805,250 and total revenue of Rp1,400,000, resulting in an operating profit of Rp594,750. An R/C Ratio of 1.74 indicates that the business is viable. The BEP analysis shows that the break-even point is at 23.01 units, rounded to 24 units, with a BEP revenue of Rp805,350. Descriptively, the business is still managed in a simple, family-based manner, with marketing conducted through word-of-mouth promotion and social media. Based on the research findings, the SF’Barik Nutmeg Jam IKM is viable to operate and develop because it is capable of generating profits and has potential for the development of agro-industry based on local commodities.
Abstract:The advancement of digital communication has generated a range of ethical challenges, including cyberbullying, insults, negative labeling, the dissemination of unverified information, privacy violations, digital ghibah (backbiting),…
backbiting), polarization, and discrimination. These challenges call for an ethical framework that is not merely technical in nature but is also firmly grounded in Islamic values. This study aims to reconstruct a Qur’an-based digital communication ethics framework through a thematic analysis of Qur’anic interpretation of QS. Al-Hujurat verses 11–13 and to examine its relevance to strengthening character education. This qualitative study employs a library research approach using thematic Qur’anic interpretation, content analysis, and contextual analysis of the Qur’an, classical and contemporary exegetical works, as well as scholarly literature on digital communication and character education. The findings reveal that QS. Al-Hujurat verses 11–13 embody eight ethical principles that can be reconstructed within the context of digital communication: Dignity Protection, Respectful Communication, No Negative Labeling, Critical Verification, Privacy Protection, Responsible Speech, Inclusive Interaction, and Digital Equality. These eight principles are synthesized into the Qur’anic Digital Communication Ethics Framework (QDCEF), which comprises three overarching dimensions: Dignity, Responsibility, and Inclusion. The framework is further mapped onto the character values of respect, empathy, civility, tolerance, critical thinking, objectivity, trustworthiness, responsibility, integrity, justice, and self-control. These findings affirm that QS. Al-Hujurat verses 11–13 are relevant not only as a source of moral and character education but also as a conceptual foundation for reconstructing a digital communication ethics framework that bridges Qur’anic values with the demands of character education in the digital era. The proposed QDCEF thus offers a value-based conceptual framework for fostering ethical, responsible, inclusive, and character-oriented digital communication.