Abstract:Level design is one of the key components in determining the gameplay experience in 2D platformer games. However, manual level design is time-consuming and difficult to scale. Graph theory can be used to represent the abstract…
stract structure of a level, with nodes as spatial units and edges as paths connecting those spaces. The problem is that this graph structure cannot always be directly translated into a valid and playable physical layout due to platformer constraints, such as jump height, safe distance, and gravity. This research proposes a chunk-based transformation approach, in which each graph node is represented as a fixed-size level chunk containing a platform layout, obstacles, and entry and exit points. The transformation of the graph into a physical level is carried out through the selection, arrangement, and alignment of chunks based on the graph’s topology. This study aims to design a framework for transforming an abstract graph G=(V,E) into a chunk-based 2D platformer level layout. The method used is qualitative-descriptive, involving the formulation of a graph model, rules for mapping and arranging chunks, and playability criteria. The results of the study reveal three main stages: mapping vertices to corresponding chunks, arranging chunks according to the graph’s structure, and validating reachability using an automatic path-finding agent.
Abstract:Steamed sponge cake (bolu kukus) is a widely consumed traditional snack in Indonesia; however, its reliance on refined wheat flour limits its micronutrient and dietary fiber density. Incorporating composite flours from indigenous…
ndigenous crops, such as tropical pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) and green pea (Vigna radiata L.), offers a promising strategy for nutritional fortification and dietary diversification. This study aimed to evaluate the proximate composition, sensory acceptability, statistical differences, and production cost feasibility of steamed sponge cakes formulated with varying proportions of pumpkin and green pea flours as partial replacements for refined wheat flour. An experimental design was applied using three formulations: AF09 (Control: 100% wheat flour), BW91 (10% pumpkin flour, 20% green pea flour), and CB88 (15% pumpkin flour, 15% green pea flour). Proximate testing measured moisture, ash, protein, fat, crude fiber, and total carbohydrates (by difference). Sensory acceptance (color, aroma, taste, and texture) was evaluated by 50 semi-trained panelists using a hedonic scale. Data were analyzed non-parametrically using Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Kruskal-Wallis, and post-hoc Mann-Whitney tests. All formulations complied with the Indonesian National Standard (SNI 01-3840-1995) for moisture (31.69%–33.74%), total ash (0.66%–1.05%), crude protein (5.80%–6.65%), and crude fat (1.64%–2.82%). Formula CB88 achieved the highest crude fiber content (0.69%) and lower total energy density (269.88 kcal/100 g). Kruskal-Wallis testing indicated statistically significant differences (p<0.05) among formulations for color, taste, and texture, while aroma exhibited no significant variation (p=0.672). Formula CB88 emerged as the optimal treatment, receiving superior sensory acceptance ratings for color (90% liked) and crumb softness (88% liked) driven by natural β-carotene and pectin-moisture gelation. Production cost analysis demonstrated high economic feasibility for CB88 at IDR 3,374 per 55 g serving. Partial substitution with 15% pumpkin flour and 15% green pea flour (Formula CB88) yields a nutrient-dense, fiber-enriched, and cost-effective functional snack suitable for targeted school nutrition and dietary diversification programs.
Abstract:Enrekang Regency is one of the famous Arabica coffee-producing areas because it has a topography and climate that are suitable for the growth of coffee plants. Despite having suitable land for coffee cultivation, most coffee…
ffee farmers still face several problems both internally and externally. Therefore, research is needed to determine the strategy for developing Arabica coffee farming businesses in Enrekang Regency by examining the analysis of internal and external factors. This research is a descriptive study using a qualitative approach. Respondents in this study were coffee farmers and traders, determined intentionally. Data collection used in the study included observation, interviews, and documentation. The data obtained were analyzed using SWOT analysis. Based on the results of the study, it shows that the strategy applied to coffee farming is in quadrant one, namely Aggressive (growth-oriented strategy), or is in a dynamic growth position, or is in a strength-opportunity strategy position (using strengths to take advantage of opportunities in decision making). This shows that there is an opportunity to develop Arabica coffee farming, in addition to having greater strengths compared to its weaknesses, it also has greater opportunities compared to its threats.
Abstract:This research aims to determine the impact of Financial Literacy and Lifestyle on the individual financial management of employees at Paulus Indonesian Christian University. The problem focuses on identifying financial literacy…
iteracy and lifestyle that play a role in managing the personal finances of Paulus Indonesian Christian University employees. The associative and comparative methods are used in problem formulation and hypothesis. This quantitative research uses a saturated sampling technique, namely all people are sampled, where the sample size is 65 people or all employees of the Indonesian Paulus Christian University. Data was collected through questionnaires and analysed quantitatively with the Validity Test, Reliability Test, Normality Test, Multicollinearity Test, Heteroscedasticity Test, Autocorrelation Test, t-test, and f-test. The results of the hypothesis test show that financial literacy has a significant positive effect on individual financial management, while lifestyle has a non-significant and negative effect on personal management. Although Lifestyle has an insignificant and negative effect, together with Financial Literacy it is stated that it has a significant positive effect on Individual Financial Management for UKI Paulus employees
Abstract:This study aims to formulate the right business strategy for CV XYZ, an MSME in the frozen food industry, in facing operational challenges such as high employee turnover, dependence on out-of-town suppliers, and logistics…
s inefficiencies due to limited cold chain technology. This study uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, internal company reports, literature reviews, and industry publications. The analysis was conducted through an external approach using PESTEL and Porter's Five Forces, as well as internal analysis through VRIO and Value Chain Analysis. The results of the analysis are summarized in a SWOT Analysis and continued with the formulation of a business strategy using Porter's Generic Strategies and TOWS Matrix. The proposed strategy is Cost Leadership with a focus on operational efficiency, investment in cold chain technology, and employee training to increase productivity. This strategy is expected to help CV XYZ increase competitiveness, expand the market, and support sustainable business growth in the frozen food industry.
Abstract:The legal outreach activity themed "Synchronization of the Mayor Regulation on Administrative Sanctions for Violations of Public Order and Peace in Yogyakarta City" aimed to enhance legal understanding and implementation…
capacity of the municipal police (Satpol PP). The discussions and interactive sessions highlighted the urgent need to harmonize and update the substance of the current regulation to align with good governance principles and ensure clear and proportional enforcement. Key challenges identified included weak regulatory structure, lack of technical guidelines, and limited objection mechanisms for affected citizens. The activity also produced normative recommendations in the form of a draft regulatory formulation, covering violation classification, types of administrative sanctions, sanction procedures, and appeal mechanisms. This outreach underlines the importance of a collaborative approach between academics and practitioners in formulating effective and just local legal policies.
Abstract:This study aims to analyze public policy evaluation and environmental governance issues surrounding the Rempang Eco City Project in Indonesia, particularly following its exclusion from the National Strategic Project agenda.…
da. The research employs a qualitative approach using a case study method and systematic literature review from government regulations, scientific journals, environmental organization reports, official investigations, and national media coverage related to Rempang Island. Data were analyzed using public policy and environmental mitigation perspectives. The findings indicate that the Rempang Eco City policy generated serious social conflicts, ecological threats, and legal uncertainty due to weak community participation during the policy formulation process. From an environmental mitigation perspective, the industrialization of Rempang Island has the potential to trigger coastal ecosystem destruction, air and water pollution, coastal abrasion, loss of fishermen’s livelihoods, and prolonged social conflict. The government’s recent decision to remove Rempang Eco City from the National Strategic Project list is considered an important corrective policy. However, unresolved legal and environmental governance issues remain. Policy evaluation based on effectiveness, efficiency, adequacy, equity, responsiveness, and appropriateness demonstrates that the Rempang Eco City policy failed to fulfill the principles of sustainable development and good governance.
Abstract:This study aims to analyze the evaluation of public policy and environmental disaster mitigation predictions regarding the cancellation of the strategic glass industry development in Rempang Island. The study employed a…
qualitative approach with a case study design and data collection through systematic literature review. Data analysis was conducted using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman & Saldana (2014). The results show that the Rempang Eco City National Strategic Project (NSP) failed comprehensively due to a procedurally flawed and non-participatory formulation process. Economic valuation research by Trend Asia et al. (2025) found that the average household income of Rempang residents reached IDR 32.77 million per household per month, far exceeding the government’s claim of IDR 3 million, while potential environmental losses reached IDR 109 million per household per month. Based on Dunn’s (2003) six policy evaluation criteria, this policy proved to be ineffective, inefficient, inadequate, inequitable, unresponsive, and inappropriate. President Prabowo Subianto’s decision to exclude Rempang Eco City from the NSP list through Presidential Regulation No. 12 of 2025 was the right step, yet still requires more decisive regulation to provide legal certainty for affected communities.
Abstract:This study aims to examine the strategic role of professional associations in early childhood education policy implementation, focusing on HIMPAUDI East Kalimantan. Non-formal early childhood educators in developing regions…
ons face severe structural vulnerabilities, characterized by a substantial policy gap between central government expectations and local capacities, geographical isolation, and low digital literacy. Utilizing a descriptive qualitative design, this research gathered empirical data through in-depth interviews with the Regional Head of HIMPAUDI East Kalimantan and document analysis. The findings reveal that the association does not merely serve as a gathering platform but functions as a vital strategic partner for local governments. Through multi-layered communication, self-funded tiered training programs, and data-driven political lobbying, the association successfully translates rigid macro-regulations into applicable classroom practices while securing local financial incentives for marginalized educators. This community-based resilience mechanism effectively mitigates administrative burdens and compensates for local government bureaucracy delays. The study implies that local governments should transition toward a co-governance model by formally involving professional networks in policy formulation to ensure equitable educational quality in the new capital city (IKN) era.
Abstract:This study aims to characterize the effect of food additives on the quality of meatballs made from palm mushrooms (Volvariella volvacea) and mocaf flour. Meatballs were made with a formulation of 70% palm mushrooms and 30%…
0% mocaf, and the addition of carrageenan, CMC, and STPP at concentrations of 0.25%, 0.5%, and 1% with 9 treatments. The parameters analyzed included yield, water content, protein, fiber, organoleptic and production cost. The results showed that the yield ranged from 82.15–96.39% and was significantly different between treatments. Water content was 65.01–70.60%, while the highest protein and fiber content was obtained with the addition of 0.25% carrageenan, respectively 10.53% and 7.97%, respectively. The type and concentration of food additives significantly affected the yield, water content, protein, fiber and texture but did not significantly affect the color and taste of palm mushroom and mocaf flour meatballs.