Abstract:Penelitian ini menganalisis epistemologi sejarah yang diusulkan oleh C. Behan McCullagh dalam bukunya The Logic of History: Putting Postmodernism in Perspective, khususnya pada bab "Justifying Descriptions of the Past,"…
dengan membandingkannya secara kritis dengan perspektif Michael Stanford dan pemikir sejarah kontemporer seperti Hayden White, E.H. Carr, dan Peter Burke. McCullagh menekankan tanggung jawab sosial sejarawan untuk menghasilkan deskripsi masa lalu yang kredibel melalui justifikasi rasional, metode inferensi (langsung, penjelasan terbaik, dan hibrida), serta generalisasi seperti hukum. Namun, Stanford mengkritik pendekatan ini dengan menegaskan bahwa sejarah selalu melibatkan subjektivitas sejarawan, yang dipengaruhi oleh nilai-nilai pribadi dan konteks budaya, sehingga klaim kebenaran sejarah selalu problematis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis kritis teks dengan pendekatan filosofis-historiografis, mengidentifikasi kelemahan dan kekuatan argumen McCullagh serta mengkonfrontasikannya dengan kritik-kritik yang diajukan oleh Stanford dan pemikir lain. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun McCullagh memberikan kerangka metodologis yang sistematis, pendekatannya dianggap terlalu kaku dan mengabaikan kompleksitas konteks historis, dinamika sosial, serta keragaman perspektif. Kesimpulannya, epistemologi sejarah perlu lebih memperhatikan subjektivitas, konteks, dan keterbatasan klaim kebenaran dalam penulisan sejarah.
Abstract:In discourse, speech is not only considered as a linguistic phenomenon but also as a means to maintain or change power relations in society. One of the clearest examples of the use of speech in discourse to change social…
change occurred in The Black Civil Rights Movement from 1955 to 1968 in the United States. Based on the interest in studying Malcolm X's speech further, the thesis writer decided to analyze Malcolm X's speech at the Oxford Union Debate using Fairclough's Critical Discourse Analysis framework with a qualitative method that will focus on linguistic issues as part of social and humanitarian issues. The results of this study showed deconstruction result of Malcolm X's speech text by analyzing various linguistic features from the dimensions of text practice (including positive and negative lexical items, key terms of ideology and belief, modality, and rhetorical devices), discursive practice (including intertextuality and shared knowledge), and sociocultural (including formality and personal pronouns), then continued with a discussion of the relationship between discourse, power, and ideology and the role of Malcolm X's speech in the historical context at that time. It can be concluded that Malcolm X's speech highlights his advocacy for revolutionary justice and self-defense for oppressed black people. He also challenged the power structures of his time, opposing segregation and exposing the hypocrisy of the American and Western governments with white supremacy and colonialism behind the mask of democracy.
Abstract:Marriage Law in Indonesia is the result of the convergence between Islamic legal principles and state regulations, as outlined in Law Number 1 of 1974 on Marriage and the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI). This study aims…
to analyze how Islamic law and positive law interact in regulating marriage and to what extent their convergence occurs in the practice of religious courts and within the Muslim community in Indonesia. The research employs a normative approach by analyzing sources of Islamic law, statutory regulations, and religious court rulings related to marriage. The findings indicate that although Indonesia’s marriage law is based on Sharia principles, several adjustments have been made to align with positive law to ensure justice and protection for all parties, particularly in aspects such as marriage registration, minimum marriage age, and women's rights. The convergence between Islamic law and positive law reflects efforts to harmonize religious values with national legal interests. However, challenges remain in its implementation, particularly concerning child marriage, polygamy, and divorce, which often spark debates in society. Therefore, further studies are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of Indonesia’s marriage regulations and how Islamic law can continue to adapt within the framework of a modern legal state.
Abstract:The article focuses on the analysis of necrophilia on Carl O’Malley in Elena. The objective of the study are to find Representation of Necrophilia on Carl O’Malley in Jorge Jaramillo’s Elena. This article is a qualitative…
itative research. The types of Necrophilia in Jorge Jaramillo’s Elena found in the story are romantic and fetishistic necrophilia. Carl O’Malley experiences romantic necrophilia that is described as a denial that their lover already dead but they cannot cope and does not want to accept the truth. Carl also experiences fetishistics necrophilia that is described as a fetishistics motives of someone that usually take the whole body or just the specific parts of their body without a sexual intercourse.
Abstract:This article examines how the Superman: Red Son movie by Sam Liu portrays Superman’s overconfidence. The movie is about another universe in DC Comics where Superman is born in Soviet Union within Cold War. It also shows…
s how Superman is practicing his overconfidence within his God Complex as the sole legitimate ruler for his people in Superman: Red Son. In this movie, Superman is depicted as a very tyrannical Soviet leader. Superman also thinks that he is better than other people. He believes that all that he does is justified and bearing truth according to his own values. Through qualitative method, this article would like to explore more whether Superman’s God Complex is closely related to condition of overconfidence. In analysis, Superman is proved to practice overconfidence in underestimating other people, being superior to others, and being arrogant all the time. In conclusion, it is clear that Superman’s God Complex is in matter of overconfidence, especially in his superior behavior towards other people.
Abstract:This article investigates how perpetual justice is prolonged in James Baldwin’s flash fiction entitled The Bell of Atri. Drawing on theories of moral and ethical principles, this study examines the idea of justice that transcends…
transcends time and its implications in the context of the narrative. There is restorative justice emphasizing on repairing the harm caused by lawlessness and restoring disturbed relationships between perpetrators, victims, and society. Through qualitative approach, this article involves the active participation in the restorative process of apology, reparation, and reconciliation. The Bell of Atri then underscores the importance of moral integrity and fairness in society as it highlights the enduring relevance of ethical principles and the significance of upholding justice across generations. In conclusion, The Bell of Atri emphasizes the importance of the perception of justice in the relationships of fellow beings and the peace within well-being conditions of others.
Abstract:Keadilan restoratif (restorative justice) merupakan mekanisme penyelesaian perkara pidana yang tidak selalu menerapkan pemidanaan atau pemenjaraan namun, berorentasi pada penyelarasan kepentingan korban dan pertanggung jawaban…
awaban pelaku dalam perkara pidana, tanpa melalui sistem peradilan pidana. Bahkan kebijakan hukum keadilan restoratif telah dikodifikasi dalam Undang Undang No. 1 (2023) Tentang Kitab Undang Undang Hukum Pidana. Untuk diselaraskan dengan nilai budaya bangsanya yang tercermin dalam demokrasi Pancasila. Keadilan Restoratif telah diterapkan dalam proses perkara perkara pidana oleh para penegak hukum pidana, (Polisi, Kejaksaan dan Pengadilan) dengan mendasari pada kebijakan hukum (legal policy) dari masing masing instansi penegak hukum, akan tetapi belum bisa mewujudkan terciptanya keadilan dan kemanfaatan, penelitian yuridis-normatif yaitu
penelitian hukum yang dilakukan dengan cara meneliti bahan pustaka yang menggunakan objek kajian penelitian berupa pustaka yang ada. Pendekatan yuridis-normatif digunakan dengan maksud untuk mengadakan pendekatan terhadap masalah dengan cara melihat dari segi peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku. Dengan tujuan agar adanya dasar hukum bagi lembaga hukum pidana dalam melaksanakan keadilan restoratif
Abstract:Putusan nomor 90/PUU-XXI/2023 telah menyebabkan polemik dan menghasilkan beberapa dissenting opinion dari hakim MK. Pendapat berbeda dari hakim MK ini memicu perdebatan mengenai proses peradilan di Mahkamah Konstitusi. Penelitian…
enelitian ini melihat sisi berbeda dari proses persidangan tersebut yaitu analisa yuridis holistik mengenai dissenting opinion yang muncul dari proses persidangan. Dari hasil penelitian ini, ditemukan bahwa dissenting opinion yang muncul dari para hakim justru menegaskan pentingnya reformasi di Mahkamah Konstitusi baik secara kelembagaan dan juga dasar pembentukkan hukum yang jauh lebih positif dan terstruktur di masa depan.
Abstract:Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendalami peran ontologi dalam konteks filsafat hukum, khususnya dalam implementasi restorative justice oleh aparat penegak hukum, dengan penekanan pada kasus penyalahgunaan narkotika di Indonesia.…
donesia. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan kerangka konseptual berbasis konsep ontologi, filsafat hukum, dan restorative justice. Studi literatur dilakukan untuk memahami secara mendalam teori ontologi dan penerapannya dalam konteks hukum. Wawancara dengan aparat penegak hukum dan ahli filsafat hukum dilakukan untuk mendapatkan pandangan praktis dan teoretis. Analisis data menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan mengidentifikasi pola, tema, dan hubungan antara ontologi, filsafat hukum, dan restorative justice.
Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsep ontologi dapat memperkuat pemahaman aparat penegak hukum terhadap restorative justice, terutama dalam menangani kasus penyalahgunaan narkotika. Kontribusi ontologi terlihat dalam membimbing tindakan aparat penegak hukum dan memberikan dasar pemikiran yang kokoh dalam penegakan restorative justice.
Kesimpulan penelitian ini merinci hasil temuan utama dan memberikan rekomendasi untuk pengembangan konsep ontologi dalam penegakan hukum. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan wawasan mendalam tentang keterkaitan ontologi, filsafat hukum, dan restorative justice serta kontribusinya dalam membimbing tindakan aparat penegak hukum, khususnya dalam menangani kasus penyalahgunaan narkotika di Indonesia.
Abstract:Guidance and counseling is a service provided by schools, one of the functions of which is to help students identify various kinds of problems inherent in them in order to realize effective learning. The various problems…
faced by students in classes towards the school, adjustments to the curriculum, study habits as well as the future and aspirations obtained from the Problem Checklist filled in by students. The research was conducted using descriptive quantitative research with a sample of 109 students using the Slovin formula. The research results were analyzed using percentages and produced findings that the problems faced by students were very diverse, thus hindering the learning process.