Abstract:Autisme merupakan kondisi perkembangan saraf yang dapat berpengaruh pada berbagai ranah perkembangan anak, termasuk komunikasi, interaksi sosial, perhatian, dan keterampilan motorik. Salah satu kemampuan yang dapat mengalami…
lami hambatan adalah motorik halus, yaitu kemampuan menggunakan otot-otot kecil secara terkoordinasi untuk melakukan aktivitas yang memerlukan ketepatan gerak. Hambatan tersebut dapat memengaruhi keterlibatan anak dalam kegiatan belajar maupun aktivitas sehari-hari. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis perubahan kemampuan motorik halus seorang siswa autis di Islamic Kids House Buah Hati Kita Jember setelah memperoleh stimulasi melalui permainan pipe block. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode Single Subject Research (SSR) dan desain A-B. Subjek penelitian merupakan siswa autis TK A berinisial NA yang menunjukkan hambatan pada keterampilan motorik halus. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi dan tes perbuatan, kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif menggunakan grafik serta analisis dalam kondisi dan antar kondisi. Persentase kemampuan pada fase baseline berturut-turut adalah 40%, 45%, dan 55%. Pada fase intervensi, persentase meningkat menjadi 65%, 75%, 80%, 80%, dan 85%. Analisis antar kondisi memperlihatkan perubahan level sebesar 10% dengan persentase overlap 0%. Pola tersebut menunjukkan adanya peningkatan performa setelah intervensi diberikan. Dengan demikian, pipe block berpotensi menjadi media pembelajaran konkret yang dapat digunakan untuk memberikan latihan motorik halus pada siswa autis.
Autism is a neurodevelopmental condition that can affect various domains of a child's development, including communication, social interaction, attention, and motor skills. One of the abilities that may be impaired is fine motor skills, which refer to the coordinated use of small muscles to perform activities requiring precise movements. These difficulties can affect children's participation in learning activities and daily life tasks. This study aimed to analyze changes in the fine motor skills of an autistic student at Islamic Kids House Buah Hati Kita Jember after receiving stimulation through pipe block play activities. The study employed a quantitative approach using the Single Subject Research (SSR) method with an A-B design. The research subject was an autistic kindergarten student (TK A), identified by the initials NA, who demonstrated difficulties in fine motor skills. Data were collected through observation and performance tests, then analyzed descriptively using graphical analysis, within-condition analysis, and between-condition analysis. The percentages of performance during the baseline phase were 40%, 45%, and 55%, respectively. During the intervention phase, the percentages increased to 65%, 75%, 80%, 80%, and 85%. Between-condition analysis showed a level change of 10% with an overlap percentage of 0%. This pattern indicates an improvement in performance following the intervention. Therefore, pipe blocks have the potential to serve as a concrete instructional medium for providing fine motor skill training to autistic students.
Abstract:Toddlerhood is a crucial period in the stages of human development characterized by significant acceleration in physical growth, cognitive development, and the formation of emotional and social foundations. This study aims…
ms to identify the types of sleep disorders and their impact on cognitive, behavioral, and physical development of toddlers through a literature review approach. A literature search was conducted on the ScienceDirect database with the inclusion criteria of English-language articles published between 2021-2025, focusing on toddlers aged 1-5 years. Of the 39 articles found, three were selected for analysis. Results showed that sleep disorders, such as behavioral insomnia and sleep apnea, correlate with behavioral problems such as social withdrawal, inattention, and hyperactivity, especially in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and premature infants. Risk factors include neonatal drug exposure and inconsistent parenting. Multidimensional sleep assessment is recommended for early detection, while behavior-based interventions and sleep hygiene education are effective in treatment. Sleep disorders also impact family well-being, increasing parental stress.
Abstract:The study aims to show diverse ways of autism management in Ghana by exploring the potential benefits of using creative art forms as a therapeutic approach in special needs education with the help of assistive technology.…
. Many individuals with autism face challenges in sensory processing. There is a growing need for effective intervention and support for people with autism in special education using creative art forms in Ghana. Creative arts such as painting, sculpture and poetry have shown promises in promoting communication, self-confidence, creativity, social interaction and emotional expression in people with autism. These art forms provide powerful tools for autistic people to interact with their friends and families around them in Ghana and the world with the help of assistive technology. The study explored the different approaches, methods and results of these interventions by using qualitative multiple case studies at Little Haven School and Evergreen Autistic Academy in Ghana. The study employed photographs, interviews and observations as research instruments. The results of this study contribute to the development of evidence-based practices which helps inform policy makers, educators, therapists and other stakeholders involved in autism support. Ultimately, the goal is to improve the well-being and quality of life of people with autism in Ghana and their families by promoting inclusive and accessible interventions that harness the power of creative art forms using assistive technology.
Abstract:Tantrums are characteristic of emotional outburst behavior in autism and cannot be eliminated or cured. One of the alternative treatments to calm autism tantrums is through the use of essential oils using ingredients that…
t have good properties for people with autism. Cocoa beans contain polyphenol compounds, theobromine, flavanols, amino acids tryptophan have good properties for people with autism. The eugenol compound content of clove flowers has a very distinctive aroma and is useful as a stimulant, local anesthetic, antiemetic, antiseptic, and antispasmodic. The utilization of cocoa beans and cloves has the potential to be used as essential oils. This activity aims to produce aromatherapy oil from natural ingredients, namely cocoa beans and cloves, mapping product excellence, and marketing mapping. The production of aromatherapy oil is carried out by making cocoa bean and clove oil through soxhlet extraction and product testing. Product testing was carried out by pH test, organoleptic test, and GC-MS test. The results of the calculation of B/C> 0 and R/C> 1, so the aromatherapy oil business is feasible to continue and develop.
Abstract:Neurodiversity conceptualizes autism, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), dyslexia, and related cognitive differences as natural variations in human cognition rather than individual deficits. Although this perspective…
erspective has gained increasing attention in human resource management (HRM), the intellectual structure and relevance of the existing literature to the Indonesian context remain insufficiently understood. This study maps the development of global research on neurodiversity and HRM and identifies research priorities for Indonesia. A bibliometric analysis was conducted using 993 records retrieved through a Boolean search combining neurodiversity- and HRM-related terms. Following a PRISMA-guided screening process, keyword co-occurrence, density, overlay, and total link-strength analyses were performed using VOSviewer. The analysis identified 43 dominant terms grouped into four thematic clusters: (1) inclusive HRM and diversity management, (2) workplace accommodation and disclosure, (3) intervention and school-to-work transition, and (4) ADHD and occupational mental health. The findings indicate that autism spectrum disorder and ADHD remain the most prominent topics in the literature. The field has gradually shifted from predominantly clinical and educational perspectives in 2020–2021 toward workplace accommodation in 2022 and more strategic HRM-oriented discussions during 2023–2024. However, link-strength analysis reveals that relationships between core HRM concepts and issues of accommodation, disclosure, and occupational mental health remain relatively fragmented. Moreover, Indonesia-specific and developing-country perspectives are absent from the dominant keyword structure. These findings demonstrate a substantial geographical and conceptual research gap. Accordingly, the study proposes five priority research themes to advance neurodiversity-inclusive HRM in Indonesia and provides a foundation for future empirical, policy-oriented, and organizational research.
Abstract:Penelitian ini mengkaji problematika proses pembelajaran anak berkebutuhan khusus (ABK) dengan kondisi autism di kelas 3 SD Muhammadiyah Socah.Fokus utama Penelitian anak yang bernama ilham,seorang siswa kelas 3 yang mengalami…
galami autisme.Selama proses pembelajaran,ilham menghadapi berbagai tantangan ,seperti kesulitan berbicara yang
mengharuskannya ditatap terlebih dahulu sama guru,serta kesulitan dalam menulis,ketidakma
mpuannya dalam memahami dan mengikuti perintah dasar guru.Pada masa penelitian ini,SD
muhammmadiyah Socah tidak memiliki guru pendamping khusus untuk anak berkebutuhan
khusus setelah sebelumnya pernah ada tetapi kemudian mengundurkan diri.Disini untuk wali
kelas 3 bernama ustadzah Dian,berperan penting dalam mendampingi dan membantu proses
pembelajarannya,meskipun tanpa bantuan khusus dari pendamping Anak Berkebutuhan
Khusus (ABK).Ilham disini sering duduk di lantai atau dipangku oleh guru selama kegiatan
belajar mengajar berlangsung.Meskipun demikian,perawatan sehari-hari ilham berlangsung
normal,dan ia mampu berjalan dan berinteraksi dengan teman-temannya di kelas.Untuk Kepala
sekolah SD ini bernama Bapak Ali Imron,menyadari tantangan ini dan terus berupaya mencari
solusi terbaik untuk mendukung perkembangan dan pembelajaran ilham di lingkungan
sekolah.Penelitian ini menyoroti pentingnya peran pendamping Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus
(ABK) dalam mendukung proses pembelajaran yang inklusis dan optimal bagi anak-anak
dengan autisme.
Abstract:Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) commonly face challenges in independent learning and mastery of functional skills due to deficits in communication, social interaction, as well as repetitive and restricted…
behaviors. The Treatment and Education of Autistic and Related Communication Handicapped Children (TEACCH) approach was developed to address the specific educational needs of this population through structured, visually based, and strengths-based learning. Although the effectiveness of TEACCH has been widely reported globally, studies systematically examining its application within the Indonesian educational context remain limited. This study aims to critically evaluate the effectiveness of the TEACCH approach in enhancing independent learning among children with ASD in Indonesia. Using a systematic review method based on the PRISMA protocol, 15 scholarly articles published between 2017 and 2024 were thematically analyzed to identify TEACCH’s contribution to increasing independence in academic contexts and activities of daily living (ADL). The analysis revealed that TEACCH implementation consistently enhances children’s independence, as indicated by significant improvements in academic task completion (with an average score increase of 34–50 points), as well as improvements in ADL skills such as dressing, eating, and maintaining personal hygiene. The success of this approach is determined by the integration of structural elements, such as environmental organization, the use of visual aids, consistent routines, and collaboration between teachers and parents. This study concludes that TEACCH is an adaptive, effective, and relevant approach for implementation within the Indonesian education system. The novelty of this research lies in its contextual focus on TEACCH application in Indonesia, as well as strategic recommendations for its integration into special education (SLB) and inclusive school curricula through systemic educator capacity-building.
Abstract:Anak dengan Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) mengalami hambatan signifikan dalam kemampuan kontak mata yang berdampak pada komunikasi sosial dan interaksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan kontak mata…
pada anak dengan ASD melalui pendekatan Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA). Penelitian menggunakan desain eksperimen kasus tunggal dengan fase baseline, intervensi bertahap, dan follow-up. Subjek penelitian adalah anak laki-laki berusia 4 tahun 6 bulan dengan ASD kategori ringan-sedang di Rumah Psikologi Daneer. Intervensi dilaksanakan selama 10 pertemuan dengan pengurangan prompt secara bertahap dari prompt fisik-verbal hingga tanpa prompt. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi terstruktur dengan mengukur frekuensi dan durasi kontak mata. Hasil menunjukkan peningkatan frekuensi dari 4 kali (baseline) menjadi 9 kali (follow-up) dan durasi dari 6 detik menjadi 18 detik. Peningkatan durasi kontak mata lebih konsisten dibanding frekuensi, menunjukkan peningkatan kualitas atensi visual. Pada fase follow-up, subjek mampu mempertahankan kontak mata tanpa bantuan prompt maupun reinforcement. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa pendekatan ABA dengan desain bertahap efektif meningkatkan kemampuan kontak mata pada anak dengan ASD dan dapat dipertahankan dalam kondisi natural.