Abstract:Islamic Education and Colonial Education are two methods to educate the Indonesian people, especially in Java. Islamic Education and Colonial Education have their own advantages for society. Islamic Education tends to be…
more religious, while Colonial Education tends to be secular and liberal. Each education has a different teaching system because it has different goals and targets according to the interests of the government in power at that time. This research method uses a historical method that is based on four things as usual, namely: heuristics, criticism, verification and historiography. Because this event is a political history, the researcher uses a socio-political approach to analyze it. On the other hand, assisted by the challenge and response theory developed by Arnold Toynbe. According to this theory, culture occurs because of challenges and answers between humans and their surroundings. The results of this study indicate that the existence of racial and discriminatory Dutch colonial government education resulted in the emergence of forms of resistance in the field of education. This phenomenon results in the birth of Islamic boarding schools and private schools such as: Tebu Ireng Islamic Boarding School (1899), Tambak Beras Islamic Boarding School (1919) East Java, Krapyak Islamic Boarding School, Yogyakarta (1911), Sukamanah Islamic Boarding School, Cipasung Tasikmalaya, West Java (1930). As for private schools (private) namely Muhammadiyah School (1912), Taman Siswa (1922) and Nahdlatul Ulama (1926).
Abstract:This study aims to analyze the effects of Work Culture, Competence, and Career Development on Employee Performance through Compensation at PT Pelindo Regional 2 North Jakarta. The research employs a quantitative and descriptive…
riptive approach. The sampling technique used is probability sampling with a simple random sampling method, involving 241 respondents. The analytical tool applied in this study is Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) version 4.0. The results of the study can be summarized as follows: (1) Work culture has a positive effect on compensation with a path coefficient of 0.195; (2) Competence has a positive effect on compensation with a path coefficient of 0.110; (3) Career development has the strongest positive effect on compensation with a path coefficient of 0.532; (4) Work culture has a negative effect on employee performance with a path coefficient of –0.066; (5) Competence has a positive effect on employee performance with a path coefficient of 0.060; (6) Career development has a negative effect on employee performance with a path coefficient of –0.204; (7) Compensation has a positive and the most dominant effect on employee performance with a path coefficient of 0.764; (8) Work culture has a positive indirect effect on employee performance through compensation with a path coefficient of 0.149; (9) Competence has a positive indirect effect on employee performance through compensation with a path coefficient of 0.084; and (10) Career development has the strongest indirect effect on employee performance through compensation with a path coefficient of 0.406. Based on these findings, it is recommended that the management of PT Pelindo Regional 2 prioritize a fair and performance-based compensation system, as it has been proven to be the most dominant factor in improving employee performance. Furthermore, career development and competence enhancement should be accompanied by proportional rewards and welfare improvements to ensure productive outcomes and encourage optimal employee contributions.
Abstract:The Nyawang Bulan tradition in Kasepuhan Bunisari, Girimekar Village, Bandung Regency faces challenges of preservation amid modernization and cultural tourism. The local community must balance maintaining the historical…
and spiritual values of the tradition with the economic and entertainment demands of tourists. This research problem focuses on how the process of cultural commodification affects the meaning of the tradition, as well as how intercultural communication strategies are employed by the community to convey cultural values to diverse audiences. This study aims to analyze the relationship between cultural commodification and intercultural communication practices in the Nyawang Bulan tradition, as well as to identify adaptation strategies implemented by the community to preserve the core meaning of the tradition. The research employs a descriptive qualitative approach with a post-positivist paradigm. Data were collected through participant observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation, and then analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model. The results indicate that the Nyawang Bulan tradition undergoes a process of commodification through artistic performances, cultural markets, and digital branding, allowing local culture to be consumed more widely without losing its fundamental meaning. Intercultural communication strategies, including message and symbol accommodation, enable tourists to understand the values of the tradition while maintaining local identity. The tradition serves as an adaptive space for cultural dialogue, integrating preservation, cross-cultural interaction, and community economic empowerment.
Abstract:The objective of this study was to examine how deepfake-based humor becomes socially acceptable despite its potential to function as digital harassment. This study focused on psychological mechanisms that explain audience…
e tolerance and normalization of harmful, identity-based humorous content in online environments. This study used a scoping review design to map and synthesize existing research across psychology, media studies, and cyberpsychology. The sources were identified through searches in major academic databases and were selected based on their relevance to deepfake technology, digital humor, online harassment, and psychological processes such as moral disengagement, online disinhibition, empathy reduction, and social norm reinforcement. The results indicate that acceptance of deepfake-based humor is commonly supported by four interrelated mechanisms, namely normalization through participatory digital culture, psychological distancing that weakens empathy, moral ambiguity created by humorous framing, and reduced accountability through diffusion of responsibility in online spaces. In addition, the literature conceptualizes deepfake humor as a hybrid phenomenon situated between remix-based entertainment and identity-targeting harm, shaped by platform visibility and engagement dynamics. This review highlights that deepfake-based humor may be tolerated not because it is harmless, but because it is routinely framed as “just a joke,” making its harm easier to minimize and socially overlook. Therefore, this study emphasizes the need for more direct empirical research and stronger interventions to prevent deepfake-based humor from becoming a normalized form of digital harassment in increasingly synthetic digital environments.
Abstract:This research aims to explore, analyze and understand the use of suluk and jawokan in the context of the culture and traditions of the Cirebon-Indramayu community. The type of research used is a qualitative descriptive study…
tudy with an ethnographic approach to document the use of suluk and jawokan in various traditional ceremonies, rituals, as well as aspects of the social and spiritual life of the community. Data collection methods include direct observation, in-depth interviews, and searching related literature. The research results show that suluk and jawokan have an important role in traditional ceremonies, traditional medicine, and religious rituals, used for various purposes such as healing, protection, and communication with ancestral spirits.
Apart from that, suluk and jawokan reflect cultural values and local wisdom passed down from generation to generation. This research concludes that preserving suluk and jawokan as part of intangible cultural heritage is very important to maintain the identity and cultural sustainability of the people of Cirebon-Indramayu. The mysticism of suluk and jawokan is oral literature that developed among the people of Cirebon-Indramayu as a vehicle for expression in expressing ethics, aesthetics and transcendent values in deeper social and religious realms.
Based on the research results, the students' writing level is very enthusiastic, so that students are able to express ideas, thoughts, and messages in writing poetry or mantras. It turns out that based on the table, 70% of students like writing, 15% dislike it, and 15% are hesitant. Learning to write requires continuous practice. For this reason, teachers as facilitators and motivators for students, should offer strategies in the form of methods and media that are interesting for students. The strategies used by teachers determine the success of learning. To achieve writing skills, a lot of practice is needed. Appropriate and varied writing exercises will make it easier for students to learn the language and have a big influence on learning other subjects. Therefore, the role of teachers and their creativity in the learning process also determines the success of students in learning the language, especially writing lessons.
Abstract:This systematic literature review explores the interconnected dimensions of digital innovation, gender equality, and sustainability in women-owned small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The primary aim is to synthesize…
ze existing knowledge to address integration challenges these enterprises face. The researchers analyzed 436 peer-reviewed articles from the Scopus database, published between 2010 and 2025, using bibliometric and qualitative thematic techniques based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology. Findings highlight that digital innovation significantly enhances market access, operational efficiency, and resource mobilization, empowering women entrepreneurs to overcome structural barriers. Gender equality initiatives play a crucial role in creating supportive ecosystems, promoting diverse leadership styles, and fostering inclusive organizational cultures conducive to sustainable business practices. Thematic analyses reveal specific success factors including robust social networks, targeted mentorship programs, and inclusive financial mechanisms. However, systemic barriers persist, notably limited access to capital, entrenched sociocultural biases, and insufficient digital literacy. Methodologically, research predominantly utilizes quantitative approaches, suggesting a need for integrated mixed-method frameworks to better capture nuanced entrepreneurial experiences. Geographical disparities indicate that women entrepreneurs face different challenges and opportunities across developed and developing contexts, underscoring the necessity for context-specific policy interventions. This review adds to our understanding by combining ideas from entrepreneurial ecosystem perspectives, Gender Empowerment Theories, and the Resource-Based View, providing a complete look at sustainable, fair, and digitally innovative business practices. Future research should focus on intersectional methodologies, longitudinal studies, and comparative analyses across diverse contexts.
Abstract:This study examines the implementation of character education at MTsN 3 Halmahera Utara through four focal values: religiosity, honesty, tolerance, and discipline. Using a qualitative naturalistic approach, data were collected…
lected from the head of the madrasah, teachers, and students through in depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation. The findings indicate that character education is organized as a whole school culture rather than a standalone program. Religiosity is strengthened through routinized worship practices that scaffold ethical conduct and self regulation. Honesty is fostered through teacher exemplarity, trust based learning situations, and clear behavioral norms related to academic integrity and everyday responsibility. Tolerance is cultivated as a relational practice through inclusive interaction norms and respect for differences in the school community. Discipline is reinforced through consistent routines, rule clarity, and guided accountability, though its internalization remains sensitive to family support and external influences. Overall, the study shows that coherent habituation, modeling, and institutional consistency are decisive for embedding character values in students’ daily behavior and for sustaining a constructive moral climate in the madrasah. The results suggest implications for school leadership, teacher development, and family engagement. Limitations include the single site design and scope, indicating the need for comparative and longitudinal studies.
Abstract:The development of digital technology and changes in the global work environment, particularly post-pandemic, have encouraged organizations to adopt remote and hybrid work systems. The successful implementation of these…
work systems is determined not only by technological readiness but also by organizational and individual factors. This study aims to analyze the influence of transformational leadership style and organizational culture on readiness to adapt to remote work, and to examine the mediating role of individual digital readiness in this relationship. This study uses a quantitative approach with an explanatory method. Data were collected through a Likert-scale-based questionnaire distributed online to employees working in remote or hybrid work systems using a purposive sampling technique. Data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and PROCESS macro to test the direct relationship and mediation effects between variables. The results of this study are expected to provide theoretical contributions to the development of literature related to leadership, organizational culture, and individual digital readiness, as well as provide practical implications for organizations in designing leadership strategies, strengthening organizational culture, and developing digital competencies to improve readiness to adapt to remote work effectively and sustainably.
Abstract:Overtime has become a strong feature of modern work culture, especially in high-pressure sectors in Asia, such as manufacturing, logistics, and services. Although many studies have proven the link between long working hours…
urs and the deterioration of employee welfare, the mechanisms explaining how overtime causes an imbalance between work and personal life (Work-life Balance) have not yet been fully explored and pieced together. This narrative literature review aims to synthesize findings from key and recent studies published between 2000 and 2025. The goal is to form a conceptual framework of understanding how overtime can trigger burnout (emotional, mental, and physical exhaustion) and ultimately disrupt WLB. Based on four main theoretical foundations, namely Job Demands–Resources (JD-R), Conservation of Resources (COR), Effort Recovery Model, and Work–Home Resources Model, this review identifies three main pathway mechanisms: (1) Overtime increases job demands while simultaneously reducing opportunities for self-recovery. (2) Burnout, especially emotional exhaustion, acts as a psychological strain that mediates the effects of overtime. (3) The spillover effects of burnout trigger interference between work and home domain through time based conflicts and strain. Organizational support, job autonomy, family roles, marital status, gender and workload pressure are important moderators that can strengthen or weaken the relationship between each variable. While the theoretical contribution of this review lies in combining various perspectives into a conceptual model of the "overtime trap," its practical contribution lies in proposing implications for organizations, job redesign, fatigue management, and more adaptive work policies. Future research is expected to use longitudinal, mixed-method, and cross-cultural designs to validate, strengthen and expand this model.
Abstract:Character building is a key focus of elementary education, aimed at developing students with noble character, independence, and responsibility. One approach is to implement the 7 Habits of Great Indonesian Children, encompassing…
mpassing religiousness, discipline, honesty, responsibility, caring, hard work, and love for the homeland. This study aims to analyze the role and implementation of the 7 Habits of Great Indonesian Children in strengthening the character of elementary school students. The method used was a qualitative descriptive approach, with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results indicate that consistent and integrated implementation of the 7 Habits of Great Indonesian Children in learning activities, daily routines, and school culture can improve students' attitudes of discipline, responsibility, honesty, social awareness, and religiosity. Furthermore, teacher involvement and support from the school environment are crucial factors in the success of character building. Therefore, the 7 Habits of Great Indonesian Children can be an effective strategy for building positive character in students sustainably.