Abstract:The rapid advancement of digital technology and artificial intelligence (AI) in the twenty-first century has fundamentally transformed the structure of modern constitutional governance. Digitalization has reshaped the interactions…
teractions between governments and citizens, altered the patterns of political participation, and presented major challenges to constitutional principles. This study aims to analyze the implications of technological development for constitutional law and propose the concept of a digital constitution as an adaptive framework in the AI era. This study employs a normative legal method, using both conceptual and statutory approaches. Legal materials consist of primary, secondary, and tertiary sources, which are analyzed qualitatively and descriptively. The findings reveal that, while digital transformation enhances governmental efficiency and public transparency, it also generates serious risks, including data misuse, digital surveillance, and political disinformation. These dynamics demand a reinterpretation of constitutional norms to protect citizens' digital rights in cyberspace. The concept of a digital constitution is proposed as a normative response that integrates digital rights into constitutional rights and reaffirms the principle of the rule of law within technological governance. To achieve a democratic and just constitutional order, it is crucial to strengthen regulatory frameworks, ensure algorithmic accountability, and foster collaboration among state institutions, civil society, and the private sector. Ultimately, constitutional law must evolve into an adaptive, transparent, and fair system that can address the profound challenges of the digital and AI-driven era.
Abstract:Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran mendalam mengenai implementasi razia ketertiban dilembaga Pendidikan kesesuaian antara hukum Islam dan hukum positif. Pelaksanaan razia memiliki urgensi penting yaitu menjadi…
njadi sarana penegakan disiplin yang nantinya akan membantu siswa memahami bahwa atuan dibuat bukan untuk membatasi, akan tetapi untuk membentuk karakter yang bertanggung jawab dan disiplin. Razia juga mendukung agar terciptanya lingkungan sekolah yang aman untuk mencegah masuknya barang-barang terlarang di area sekolah serta mendorong siswa menjaga kebersihan, kerapian dan etika berpakaian. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif dan yuridis empiris yaitu pendekatan yang dilakukan dengan cara mengadakan penelitian dengan menumpulkan data primer yang diperoleh secara langsung dari objek penelitian melalui wawancara dengan responden dan narasumber yang berhubungan dengan penelitian. Pendekatan yuridis normatif yaitu pendekatan yang dilakukan dengan cara menelaah kaidah-kaidah atau norma-norma atau aturan-aturan yang berhubungan dengan masalah yang akan dibahas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pelaksanaan razia ketertiban di lembaga pendidikan serta menilai kesesuaiannya dengan hukum positif dan hukum Islam. Selain itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah razia ketertiban telah dilaksanakan sebagai sarana pembinaan dan pendisiplinan siswa atau justru menyimpang menjadi tindakan perampasan atau penyitaan yang melanggar hak peserta didik.
Abstract:This study critically examines the constitutionality of Indonesia’s presidential candidacy threshold under Article 222 of Law No. 7 of 2017 in relation to the principle of popular sovereignty in Article 1(2) of the 1945…
5 Constitution. The threshold requiring a party or coalition to hold 20% of DPR seats or 25% of the popular vote has been controversial for limiting voter choice and reinforcing oligarchic dominance. Using a normative legal research method, the study applies doctrinal interpretation through grammatical, systematic, historical, and teleological approaches to evaluate whether the threshold is consistent with constitutional democracy. The analysis identifies a disconnect between the legislative rule and the constitutional concept of sovereignty residing with the people, informed by theories of democracy, sovereignty, and progressive legal thought. While procedurally legitimate, the threshold lacks substantive constitutional validity because of its exclusionary impact on political participation. The study proposes four reform options: repeal, proportional adjustment, judicial reinterpretation, and constitutional amendment. These reforms would realign electoral rules with democratic principles and restore voters’ political agency. A doctrinal reinterpretation model is offered, framing the threshold as a regulatory instrument rather than a rigid barrier, advocating a legal structure that promotes inclusivity and reflects the people’s general will.
Abstract:Justice collaborators, or "crown witnesses," have become essential in modern criminal justice systems, particularly in dismantling organized crime and uncovering complex murder cases. This study explores the legal protections…
tions afforded to justice collaborators in Indonesia through a doctrinal analysis of the Supreme Court Decision No. 1704 K/PID.SUS/2022, commonly known as the Richard Eliezer verdict. The objective is to critically examine the adequacy and application of legal safeguards provided to individuals who cooperate with law enforcement while implicated in serious crimes. Employing normative legal research methods and a statutory and case approach, the paper reveals discrepancies in the implementation of protections for justice collaborators. While the Indonesian Witness and Victim Protection Agency (LPSK) offers procedural protections, this analysis identifies significant gaps in enforcement, judicial interpretation, and institutional coordination. The findings underscore a need for stronger legislative frameworks and consistent judicial standards to uphold the rights and safety of justice collaborators. The implications extend to criminal law reform and the balancing of retributive justice with restorative mechanisms. This study contributes to the legal discourse on human rights protections in criminal procedure, particularly concerning vulnerable individuals assisting the justice system under duress or threat.
Abstract:The objectives of Islamic educational philosophy include examining the function of Islamic educational philosophy in the context of education, explaining and analyzing philosophy in Islam, its objectives, and its methodology.…
logy. Methods in Islamic educational philosophy generally involve literature research and philosophical analysis of various aspects of Islamic education. The application of technology is also considered a means to facilitate discussion and reflection on teaching ethics. The contribution of Islamic educational philosophy to ethical development is explained through the relevance of ethical concepts. A deep understanding of monotheism, justice, compassion, and honesty are promoted as the main foundations in shaping Islamic character. The relevance of these ethical concepts in the context of Islamic education is found in the integration of moral values into the curriculum and teaching practices, thus providing concrete guidelines in everyday life. Recommendations are made for improving the education system, including further integration of ethical concepts into the curriculum and community involvement in ethical development. Furthermore, research development and collaboration between academics and educational practitioners are proposed as an effort to support further understanding and implementation of ethical concepts in Islamic education.
Abstract:The Indonesian capital market plays a pivotal role in mobilising long-term financing for corporations and providing investment opportunities to the public. However, persistent stock fraud cases undermine market integrity…
and investor confidence. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the existing legal framework for investor protection against stock fraud, analyse its practical implementation, and recommend measures to strengthen both preventive and repressive mechanisms. Employing a normative legal research design with a qualitative approach, the study integrates statute, conceptual, and case approaches, focusing on Law No. 8 of 1995 on Capital Markets, OJK regulations, the Criminal Code, and notable cases such as PT Hanson International Tbk. The findings reveal that while the legal framework normatively aligns with the Legal Protection Theory, Justice Theory, and Legal Effectiveness Theory, substantial gaps remain between regulation and enforcement. Weak supervisory coordination, delayed intervention, lengthy judicial processes, and low investor legal literacy reduce effectiveness. Recommended reforms include adopting regtech and suptech, enhancing cross-agency data integration, implementing AI-based surveillance, establishing a specialised capital market court, and strengthening investor education. The study concludes that combining regulatory improvements, adaptive enforcement, and public legal empowerment is essential to safeguard investors, maintain market integrity, and promote sustainable economic growth.
Abstract:This study examines the fulfillment of remission rights for drug offenders in Indonesia following the enactment of Government Regulation No. 99 of 2012, which introduced restrictive provisions inconsistent with the rehabilitative…
ilitative vision of Law No. 12 of 1995. The research problem lies in the normative contradiction between correctional laws oriented toward behavioural reform and derivative regulations that prioritise punitive measures. The study aims to evaluate the implementation of remission regulations and their alignment with principles of justice and human rights. Employing a normative legal research design, it analyses statutes, judicial decisions, doctrines, and comparative law. Findings reveal that remission has shifted from a universal right to a conditional privilege, disproportionately affecting low-level drug offenders, exacerbating prison overcrowding, and weakening legal certainty. The study concludes that policy reform is necessary through individualised assessments, restorative justice integration, independent oversight, and regulatory harmonisation to restore fairness and uphold human rights.
Abstract:This study analyzes the judicial reasoning behind Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Sidoarjo No. 199/Pid.Sus/2023/PN Sda, a landmark decision involving corporate criminal liability for environmental violations in Indonesia. The…
case centers on PT Surya Prima Semesta’s illegal disposal of hazardous waste (fly ash and bottom ash) without an environmental permit, resulting in the prosecution of its corporate director. Employing a normative juridical method, the research examines the court’s application of doctrines such as strict liability and identification theory within the framework of Law No. 32 of 2009 on Environmental Protection and Management. The findings show that the court adopted a formalistic, text-based legal reasoning model, treating permit violations as inherently punishable acts regardless of actual environmental harm. While the decision reinforces regulatory compliance and affirms corporate culpability, it lacks engagement with broader organizational responsibility and foundational environmental law principles like the precautionary principle and sustainability. This study argues for a more integrated doctrinal approach one that balances rule-based logic with value-oriented reasoning to enhance legal consistency, advance environmental justice, and align Indonesia’s corporate accountability framework with international standards.
Abstract:Masalah yang sering dihadapi guru dalam pembelajaran bahasa dan sastra Indonesia adalah ketidakcocokan bahan ajar, baik dari segi kuantitas maupun kualitas. Banyak guru cenderung memberikan materi yang terlalu luas atau…
malah terlalu sedikit, terlalu mendalam atau justru dangkal, serta urutan penyajian yang tidak tepat. Kondisi ini sering kali mengakibatkan materi ajar tidak sejalan dengan kompetensi yang ingin dicapai siswa. Sebagai solusi, peneliti mempersembahkan alternatif bahan ajar yang diharapkan dapat mempermudah siswa dalam memahami materi pembelajaran. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan hasil analisis majas yang terdapat dalam novel "Gadis Jatuh di Dalam Laut" karya Axie Oh, serta menggambarkan pemanfaatan hasil analisis tersebut dalam pembelajaran sastra di tingkat SMA kelas XII. Metode yang dipilih dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti tidak menggunakan statistik, melainkan fokus pada deskripsi kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan dari beragam referensi seperti buku teks, kamus, ensiklopedia, jurnal ilmiah, dan hasil penelitian lainnya. Apabila peneliti tidak memiliki sumber bacaan sendiri, perpustakaan, baik formal maupun pribadi, dapat dimanfaatkan. Dalam penelitian kualitatif, data dikumpulkan melalui berbagai teknik dan sumber yang beragam, dilakukan secara berkelanjutan hingga mencapai titik jenuh. Proses pengamatan ini menghasilkan data yang bervariasi. Umumnya, data yang diperoleh bersifat kualitatif, dan teknik analisis yang digunakan tidak mengikuti pola yang kaku. Berdasarkan pengumpulan data yang telah dilakukan, peneliti menemukan 65 contoh penggunaan majas dalam novel "Gadis Jatuh di Dalam Laut. " Jenis-jenis majas tersebut meliputi 19 contoh majas perbandingan, 17 contoh majas pertentangan, 18 contoh majas penegasan, dan 11 contoh majas sindiran. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga akan mengkaji beberapa aspek bahan ajar, seperti kelayakan isi, penyajian, bahasa, dan kegrafikan.
Abstract:This study aims to analyze the role of fiscal decentralization in enhancing regional financial independence in Indonesia. Using a qualitative approach and literature review methodology, the research examines the role of…
fiscal decentralization in promoting regional financial autonomy in Indonesia. The analysis compares the effectiveness of fiscal decentralization policies in fostering financial independence across various regions in the country. Fiscal decentralization has demonstrated positive impacts by granting regions greater freedom to determine development priorities and explore funding sources. Regions with strong economic potential and natural resources can increase their locally generated revenue (Pendapatan Asli Daerah or PAD) to support development. However, this policy also creates disparities among regions, where wealthier regions manage their finances independently while poorer regions remain reliant on central government transfers. Moreover, limited managerial capacity in some regions hampers the policy's effectiveness. Fiscal decentralization can strengthen regional financial independence if accompanied by enhanced financial management capacity and fiscal policy adjustments.