Abstract:The concept of authority plays a pivotal role in the context of civil law, particularly in delineating the powers and responsibilities vested in legal subjects through statutory provisions. This research explores the nuanced…
nced distinctions between "authority" and "competence," asserting that authority in civil law is a formal power granted by legislation, whereas competence refers to the scope and nature of the duties assigned. The study adopts a qualitative approach, utilizing descriptive analysis to investigate the legal foundations and implications of authority, particularly its attribution, delegation, and mandate in the legal system. The findings emphasize the complex interplay between state sovereignty and civil law, illustrating how authority functions within legal relationships and its relevance in ensuring accountability. This paper further examines how civil law governs the delegation of authority, its implications for legal subjects, and the underlying principles that guide such delegation. Ultimately, this research contributes to the broader discourse on authority in civil law, highlighting the essential role of legal frameworks in governing power delegation while maintaining legal order and justice.
Abstract:This research is motivated by the increasing awareness of environmental care through the green mosque approach. The Green Mosque Movement itself is a strategic program to support the government's program in the Net-Zero…
carbon emissions target by 2060 and the character of caring for the environment. The aim of this research is to determine the planning, organization, implementation, supervision, supporting and inhibiting factors as well as the results of green mosque-based environmental care character education at SMAN 3 Kuningan and SMPN 7 Cirebon. This research is qualitative research with a naturalistic approach. The results of this research show (1) Planning for environmentally caring character education based on green Mosques was carried out with the help of a policy of integrating environmental education in subjects including religious education, citizenship education, and all subjects in schools, (2) Organizing was carried out by delegating tasks according to the plans and main tasks of school managers and stakeholders as well as organizing the learning components of environmentally caring character education based on green Mosques, (3) Implementing environmentally caring character education based on green Mosques by building a School Mosque that is full of environmentally caring character education values that are relevant to environmental learning with fulfills the 6 criteria for the green building concept, (4) Supervision of green mosque-based environmental care character education that has been planned can be used as a benchmark for the performance of the organizational structure that is led in carrying out its duties, (4) Supporting factors include the role of teachers, parents and the government, while the main obstacle at the start of construction was funding and design of the mosque design with the green mosques concept which is still relatively new. (5) As a result, green mosques-based mosques succeeded in forming students' environmental awareness and behavior, with environmentally friendly designs, sustainable use of resources, and the use of mosques as places for learning outside the classroom, which effectively instilled environmental care values and inspired students to apply them at home.
Abstract:Climate change is increasingly recognized as a major driver of internal displacement, particularly in fragile states like Libya where environmental shocks intersect with political instability and weak governance. This study…
udy investigates how climate-induced internal displacement affects social cohesion in Libya’s coastal cities, focusing on Tripoli, Misrata, and Benghazi. Using a qualitative research design, data were collected through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and field observations involving internally displaced persons (IDPs), host community members, and local stakeholders. Findings reveal that environmental factors such as drought and flooding have forced vulnerable populations to migrate from Libya’s interior regions to urban coastal centers. These displacements have strained public services, exacerbated competition for resources, and led to growing tensions between displaced populations and host communities. Social trust, mutual support, and access to services have all been undermined, while IDPs often face legal invisibility, psychological stress, and marginalization. Despite these challenges, the research identifies promising local initiatives that have fostered integration and rebuilt social ties, including joint livelihood programs and inclusive municipal governance efforts. However, these efforts remain fragmented and unsustainable without broader policy support. The study concludes that to prevent further erosion of social cohesion, Libya must adopt a national legal framework to recognize and protect climate-displaced persons, strengthen municipal capacities, and integrate displacement considerations into urban planning and climate adaptation strategies. This article contributes to emerging literature on climate migration and urban resilience by providing grounded, context-specific insights into how environmental displacement reshapes the social fabric in post-conflict settings.
Abstract:This study analyzes the determinants of food insufficiency prevalence across 34 provinces in Indonesia using a quantile regression approach. The research focuses on three key variables: the Food Security Index (IKP), rice…
e productivity (PVP), and per capita food expenditure (PPM), using 2023 cross-sectional data from Statistics Indonesia (BPS). Results from ordinary least squares (OLS) and quantile regression at the 25th, 50th, and 75th percentiles reveal that the Food Security Index has a consistent and significant negative effect on food insufficiency across all quantiles, with the strongest influence observed at the higher quantile (τ = 0.75). In contrast, rice productivity is not statistically significant at any quantile, while per capita food expenditure is only marginally significant at the 25th quantile. These findings suggest that improvements in food security contribute significantly to reducing food inadequacy, especially in regions with high prevalence rates. However, the impact of rice productivity and food spending varies across different segments, implying that context-specific policies are needed. The study recommends targeted government interventions to enhance food access, affordability, and regional food security equity.
Abstract:Complaints and legal dispute resolution mechanisms between medical personnel and patients are important processes in safeguarding patients' rights while ensuring that medical personnel carry out their profession with applicable…
licable standards. Complaints are usually made by patients or families to the relevant institutions, where the process may involve mediation as an initial attempt at resolution. If mediation is unsuccessful, the dispute may proceed through formal legal channels or alternative mechanisms such as arbitration. Settlements are based on evidence, medical documentation, and expert opinion to ensure fair decisions. This mechanism is designed to create transparency, accountability, and legal protection that helps build trust between patients and medical personnel and maintain the quality of healthcare services.
Abstract:The rapid integration of financial technology (FinTech), artificial intelligence (AI), and social media has transformed global investment behavior, reshaping the psychological dynamics of modern investors. This paper examines…
mines how digital technologies amplify behavioral biases such as overconfidence, herding, and recency bias within contemporary financial markets. Using a descriptive qualitative approach supported by literature synthesis and case studies, it explores the interplay between investor psychology and technological systems. Findings indicate that while FinTech platforms democratize access to financial markets, their gamified features and algorithmic personalization reinforce impulsive and emotionally driven trading. AI-based advisory systems, though designed to enhance decision accuracy, often introduce automation bias and confirmation loops that distort rational judgment. Social media ecosystems further accelerate herding and emotional contagion by promoting conformity through peer validation and viral sentiment. The study highlights ethical and regulatory challenges associated with behavioral exploitation and algorithmic transparency, emphasizing the need for robust investor protection frameworks and behavioral literacy programs. Ultimately, it concludes that technology in finance must balance innovation with responsibility, ensuring that digital tools empower investors without amplifying cognitive biases or undermining market integrity.
Abstract:This study aims to analyze the effect of Korean Brand Ambassadors and Online Customer Reviews on purchasing decisions for YOU Beauty skincare products in Jakarta, with Brand Image as a mediating variable. This study uses…
a quantitative approach to examine the direct and indirect relationships between the variables studied. The path analysis technique was applied to process the data collected. The results showed that Korean Brand Ambassador has a positive and significant influence on purchasing decisions, while Online Customer Review does not have a significant positive influence on purchasing decisions. These findings highlight the important role of Brand Image in strengthening the relationship between Korean Brand Ambassadors and Online Customer Reviews with purchasing decisions, especially in the skincare product industry.
Abstract:The COVID-19 pandemic posed unprecedented challenges to medical workers worldwide, compelling them to face intense workloads, psychological distress, and ethical dilemmas. This study examines the relationship between resilience…
ilience and religiosity among medical workers during the pandemic. Resilience is understood as the capacity to adapt positively in the face of adversity, while religiosity refers to the degree of individual religious commitment and involvement. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining quantitative data from validated surveys and qualitative insights from semi-structured interviews. The findings indicate a significant positive correlation between resilience and religiosity, suggesting that religiosity serves as a psychological buffer, enhancing resilience levels in medical workers. The study highlights the importance of integrating religiosity and resilience-building interventions into organizational policies to support medical workers during crises. The implications of these findings for future health policies and practices are discussed.
Abstract:This study aims to analyze the influence of economic growth, minimum wage, unemployment, and the Human Development Index on income distribution inequality in 6 provinces in Sulawesi during the period 2013-2023. This study…
y uses quantitative analysis with the panel data regression analysis method using the Random Effect Model (REM). The data for this research is secondary data obtained from the Central Statistics Agency of Indonesia. The research results show that simultaneously, independent variables have a significant effect on the dependent variable. However, partially, economic growth and the minimum wage have a negative and significant effect on income distribution inequality, while unemployment and the human development index do not affect income distribution inequality. The results of the coefficient of determination test show that the independent variables explain 49% of their influence on the income inequality variable, while the remaining 51% is explained outside the variables.
Abstract:The problem in this study is the relatively low Quality of Private Senior High Schools/Vocational High Schools in Medan City. Many factors can affect the quality of a school, including budget participation and budget feedback.…
dback. This study aims to test the effect of Budget Participation and Budget Feedback on the Quality of Private Senior High Schools/Vocational High Schools (SMA/SMK) in Medan City. The population of this study was all Private Senior High Schools/Vocational High Schools in Medan City totaling 405 schools, of which 157 were Private Vocational High Schools and 248 were Private High Schools. The research sample was 35 schools using the Simple Random Sampling Method, with a quantitative research type. The data used are primary and secondary data. Primary data were obtained through direct distribution of questionnaires to respondents (research subjects), while secondary data were obtained from https://bansm.kemdikbud.go.id/. The independent variables used are Budget Participation (PA) and Budget Feedback (UA). The dependent variable used is School Quality (KS). This study uses multiple linear regression analysis techniques using the SPSS statistical test tool. Based on the results of partial and simultaneous tests, this study shows that Budget Participation and Budget Feedback have a significant effect on School Quality. This is evidenced by partial testing (t-test) of Budget Participation of 0.026 or less than 0.05, and Budget Feedback of 0.035 or less than 0.05. Then, the simultaneous significance value (F test) of 0.045 or less than 0.05. The conclusion of this study shows that the effect of budget participation and budget feedback on school quality shows significant results.