Abstract:Climate change is increasingly recognized as a major driver of internal displacement, particularly in fragile states like Libya where environmental shocks intersect with political instability and weak governance. This study…
udy investigates how climate-induced internal displacement affects social cohesion in Libya’s coastal cities, focusing on Tripoli, Misrata, and Benghazi. Using a qualitative research design, data were collected through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and field observations involving internally displaced persons (IDPs), host community members, and local stakeholders. Findings reveal that environmental factors such as drought and flooding have forced vulnerable populations to migrate from Libya’s interior regions to urban coastal centers. These displacements have strained public services, exacerbated competition for resources, and led to growing tensions between displaced populations and host communities. Social trust, mutual support, and access to services have all been undermined, while IDPs often face legal invisibility, psychological stress, and marginalization. Despite these challenges, the research identifies promising local initiatives that have fostered integration and rebuilt social ties, including joint livelihood programs and inclusive municipal governance efforts. However, these efforts remain fragmented and unsustainable without broader policy support. The study concludes that to prevent further erosion of social cohesion, Libya must adopt a national legal framework to recognize and protect climate-displaced persons, strengthen municipal capacities, and integrate displacement considerations into urban planning and climate adaptation strategies. This article contributes to emerging literature on climate migration and urban resilience by providing grounded, context-specific insights into how environmental displacement reshapes the social fabric in post-conflict settings.
Abstract:Nowadays, issues related to children's academic achievement are something that parents are concerned about. Every effort is made to improve their performance at school. However, there are times when children become tired…
or bored due to the long time needed to study. In some case found at SMAN 1 Tambun where the intelligence level is good but the learning achievement at school is not so, aka the value is very standard or behaves lazily at school or even like it is difficult to socialize so that it tends to be individual. From this matter, the teachers finally think that is the influence on current learning achievement externally and internally on their students. Not to mention that children are very easy to make excuses, especially those related to stress either due to the demands of parents, little rest time, do not fit into the environment so that they get to the point that school is not important just a formality so as not to be reprimanded by parents or to be the same as most people. The high and low achievement motivation of students is always used as an indicator of the good and bad learning achievement of a student. With achievement motivation, students will be encouraged to learn and like certain subjects happily studying the subject. In this study using a sample of 110 students and researchers sampled class X students at SMAN 1 TAMBUN. The results of this study indicate that there is a positive and significant influence of peer support, authoritarian parenting and resilience on academic achievement.
Abstract:The rules in the consumer protection law No. 8 of 1999 in buying and selling transactions regarding buying and selling law analyze how consumer protection rules and economic law, especially sharia-based concepts, apply to…
o Indonesian sharia banks. The type of research is qualitative with a normative juridical and empirical juridical research approach, collecting data, rules/regulations, and in reality, in practice in the field where the research was carried out, namely at Indonesian sharia banks, with data collection techniques used namely library research and interview. The research results show that Indonesian sharia banks are one of the sales places for buying gold, where customers can carry out gold buying and selling transactions anywhere and anytime from mobile banking. Furthermore, consumers/customers who feel disadvantaged by Indonesian sharia banks can report to the partyCivil Servant Investigator (PPNS) ITE Directorate of Information Security, and the form of supervision by CoFTRA, namely preventive supervision then repressive supervision. The implementation of consumer protection at Indonesian sharia banks focuses on 2 things, including returning the product (return) and returning the funds (refund). Implementation of consumer protection for Indonesian sharia banks in accordance with the UUPK, where the bank has given its rights to its consumers in accordance with the provisions contained in the UUPK. Meanwhile, its application in the view/perspective of Sharia Economic Law is appropriate from the point of view of consumer rights in Islamic rules, Indonesian sharia banks provide khiyar rights (cancel/continue the sale and purchase agreement) if there is an error/mistake by the bank. The resolution if there is a dispute chosen by the Indonesian sharia bank is through peace and resolving it internally, this is in accordance with the concepts of Islamic buying and selling.
Abstract:This study sets out to determine the impact of resilience in the psychosocial support of internally displaced secondary school students in Cameroon. The researcher was motivated by the crises that is affecting two regions…
s in the country which has exposed children to significant risks of diverse forms such as sexual violence, seizure of daily activities, dropping out of school, destruction of infrastructure, association to armed groups, family separation all resulting to extended psychosocial distress and mental disorders especially among some children.The mixed method approach was adopted by the researcher. In the quantitative phase, a sample of 317 participants was drawn from some public schools in the selected regions. The qualitative data was collected from the field with the aid of an Interview guide. Data were analysed used analysing using both descriptive and inferential statistics and the interview guide was analysed using the process of thematic content analysis. The results reveal that the impact of resilience in the psychosocial support of internally displaced secondary students in Cameroon was significant for all the predictive components thus indicating their significance in providing psychosocial assistance among internally displaced secondary school students
Abstract:Enrekang Regency is one of the famous Arabica coffee-producing areas because it has a topography and climate that are suitable for the growth of coffee plants. Despite having suitable land for coffee cultivation, most coffee…
ffee farmers still face several problems both internally and externally. Therefore, research is needed to determine the strategy for developing Arabica coffee farming businesses in Enrekang Regency by examining the analysis of internal and external factors. This research is a descriptive study using a qualitative approach. Respondents in this study were coffee farmers and traders, determined intentionally. Data collection used in the study included observation, interviews, and documentation. The data obtained were analyzed using SWOT analysis. Based on the results of the study, it shows that the strategy applied to coffee farming is in quadrant one, namely Aggressive (growth-oriented strategy), or is in a dynamic growth position, or is in a strength-opportunity strategy position (using strengths to take advantage of opportunities in decision making). This shows that there is an opportunity to develop Arabica coffee farming, in addition to having greater strengths compared to its weaknesses, it also has greater opportunities compared to its threats.
Abstract:Infrastructure management in outermost border islands is not only a matter of physical development, but also a strategic issue related to sovereignty, community welfare, connectivity and national defence. This article examines…
amines infrastructure management on Miangas Island, one of Indonesia’s northernmost outer islands bordering the Philippines. Although Miangas already has several basic and strategic infrastructures, including roads, an airport, a port, electricity facilities, clean water sources, telecommunications, health facilities and security infrastructure, these assets have not yet functioned as an integrated and reliable system. The main problem is therefore not the absence of infrastructure, but the gap between physical availability and functional performance. This study uses a qualitative descriptive-analytical approach based on field observation, semi-structured interviews and document review. Data were analysed using the Miles and Huberman model, supported by STEEP+M and SWOT analysis. The findings show that infrastructure management in Miangas is influenced by three main indicators: infrastructure availability and quality, connectivity and accessibility, and infrastructure sustainability. Internally, Miangas has strengths in its strategic geography, existing infrastructure assets, state institutional presence, social cohesion and strong national identity. However, these strengths are constrained by weak service quality, limited maintenance, unstable connectivity, a fragile local economy and inadequate maritime surveillance. Externally, Miangas benefits from national legal support, strategic policy status and Indonesia–Philippines cooperation, but faces threats from cross-border dependence, illegal fishing, border violations, environmental pressure and geopolitical sensitivity. The SWOT analysis places Miangas in the WO quadrant, meaning that external opportunities should first be used to overcome internal weaknesses. This article proposes the Civil-Military Corridor Resilience Model as an integrated framework that connects public services, logistics, energy, local markets, maritime security and territorial defence in one border resilience system.