Abstract:This paper aims to analyze the regulatory framework on arrest and detention in Indonesian Criminal Procedure Code under human rights perspective. This study employed doctrinal legal research using statute and conceptual…
approaches. The findings of this research reveal that the principles of law enforcement and human rights, which include the principles of legality, necessity, and proportionality, are essentially general principles that can be used to determine whether state actions that interfere with citizens' rights and freedoms violate or do not violate human rights. The legal provisions concerning arrest and detention did not fit the human rights standpoint particularly in the context of procedure and the length of detention. The proportionality and the necessity principle have not been fully considered as the ethical basis for arresting the perpetrator of a crime. Hence, what is needed is to amend the Criminal Procedure Code considering the adoption of both necessity and proportionality principle in the arrest and detention.
Abstract:This paper aims to analyze the need for the specific criminal procedure for disabled persons in Indonesian criminal justice system. This study employed doctrinal legal research using statute and conceptual approaches. The…
e findings of this research reveal that the criminal justice system is based on the normalcy concept, which holds that everyone is physically and cognitively normal. As a result, the investigation, prosecution, and examination processes in court proceedings are exclusively aimed at and created for regular people. Persons with disabilities have been pushed to the margins and perhaps ignored. Persons with disabilities' rights are frequently infringed, both as perpetrators and as witnesses/victims of criminal activities. The medical method should be abandoned in favor of a social approach for the criminal justice system to be pro-people. What's needed is for law enforcement to do their jobs at each stage of the criminal justice system so that people with disabilities can have a fair trial. In the early phases of the criminal justice process, a profile assessment is required to determine the character, challenges, and requirements of people with disabilities.
Abstract:The study aimed to determine the impact of social media language (also known as net language) on the formal writing skills of Mount Mary College of Education students. This study involved a total of 150 students, 60 of whom…
hom were males and 90 of whom were females, who were studying English language and French at the time of the study. The study employed a phenological research design, and a purposive sample technique was used to choose the thirty (30) participants that took part in it. The responses were mark quiz papers and group tasks, and the results were analysed. The study concluded that when people write individually, social media does have an impact on their formal writing. Students who work in groups, on the other hand, are not affected by this. Another finding of the survey was that respondents employ a wide range of social media lingo, including clipping, abbreviation, alphanumeric homophony, vowel deletion, graphone, and other slang terms, among other things. According to the results of the survey, most people type in social media or internet language when they communicate on social media to make it easier for them to communicate.
Abstract:Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis transformasi kompetensi guru Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) dalam era Kurikulum Merdeka menuju Kurikulum Berbasis Cinta (KBC). Perubahan paradigma pendidikan menuntut guru tidak…
hanya memiliki kompetensi pedagogik dan profesional, tetapi juga mampu mengintegrasikan nilai-nilai karakter, empati, dan kasih sayang dalam proses pembelajaran. Kurikulum Berbasis Cinta (KBC) hadir sebagai pendekatan yang menekankan dimensi afektif dan humanistik dalam pendidikan, yang diperkenalkan dalam berbagai sosialisasi kebijakan pendidikan keagamaan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis kajian pustaka (library research). Data diperoleh dari buku, jurnal ilmiah, dan dokumen kebijakan yang relevan, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis isi (content analysis). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa transformasi kompetensi guru PAI mencakup penguatan kompetensi pedagogik berbasis nilai, kompetensi sosial yang empatik, serta kompetensi kepribadian yang berlandaskan akhlak. Selain itu, guru dituntut untuk mampu mengintegrasikan pendekatan Kurikulum Merdeka dengan nilai-nilai KBC guna menciptakan pembelajaran yang bermakna dan berorientasi pada pembentukan karakter peserta didik. Dengan demikian, penerapan Kurikulum Berbasis Cinta menjadi langkah strategis dalam memperkuat peran guru PAI sebagai pendidik yang tidak hanya mentransfer ilmu, tetapi juga membentuk karakter dan kepribadian peserta didik secara holistik.
This study aims to analyze the transformation of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) teachers’ competencies in the era of the Merdeka Curriculum toward the Love-Based Curriculum (Kurikulum Berbasis Cinta/KBC). The shift in the educational paradigm requires teachers not only to possess pedagogical and professional competencies, but also to be capable of integrating character values, empathy, and compassion into the learning process. The Love-Based Curriculum (KBC) emerges as an approach that emphasizes the affective and humanistic dimensions of education, which has been introduced through various socialization programs of religious education policies in Indonesia. This study employs a qualitative approach using a library research method. The data were obtained from books, scientific journals, and relevant policy documents, and were analyzed using content analysis techniques. The findings reveal that the transformation of PAI teachers’ competencies includes the strengthening of value-based pedagogical competence, empathetic social competence, and personality competence grounded in moral values (akhlak). In addition, teachers are required to integrate the Merdeka Curriculum approach with the values of KBC in order to create meaningful learning experiences oriented toward the holistic character development of students. Therefore, the implementation of the Love-Based Curriculum becomes a strategic step in strengthening the role of PAI teachers as educators who not only transfer knowledge, but also shape the character and personality of students holistically.
Abstract:This study aims to identify the dominant error patterns of students in geometry learning based on Newman's Error Analysis (NEA) and to examine their implications for readiness to understand Non-Euclidean Geometry. The method…
thod employed is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of 10 empirical articles published between 2019 and 2026. Data were extracted based on the five stages of NEA — reading, comprehension, transformation, process skill, and encoding — and subsequently analyzed through narrative synthesis, percentage comparison, and descriptive effect size. The results indicate that comprehension errors and encoding errors are the most dominant categories, with the highest percentages of 56.92% and 50%, respectively, followed by transformation errors, which consistently fall within a moderate effect range (20–40%), while reading errors and process skill errors are classified as low. The primary causes of errors include weak understanding of geometric concepts, inability in spatial visualization, limited mathematical language, and lack of procedural precision. The findings contribute as a diagnostic foundation for designing more effective geometry learning, while simultaneously serving as a conceptual bridge toward higher-level geometry
Abstract:The spread of Islam on Sumatra Island originated in coastal regions before expanding into the hinterlands. Utilizing a historical approach, this study reveals that maritime trade routes served as the gateway for traders…
and missionaries from Arabia, Persia, and Gujarat to engage in commerce and dawah across Sumatra. Islam initially flourished in Barus, Samudera Pasai, and Aceh before eventually expanding into the interior through river networks, intermarriage, and the political influence of the sultanates. The findings of this study indicate that the process of Islamization in Sumatra was not uniform; in coastal areas, Islam tended to be more Cosmopolitan, whereas in the interior, cultural acculturation with local traditions occurred. The success of this expansion marked the starting point of a religious transformation across the Indonesian archipelago
Abstract:This study aims to examine the application of the High-Low method, Scatterplot, and Least Squares in cost analysis, particularly in separating fixed and variable cost behavior. The research uses a library research approach…
ch by collecting and reviewing literature from textbooks, journals, and official publications related to cost estimation and cost behavior modeling. The findings indicate that the High-Low method is simple because it uses only the highest and lowest activity levels, but its accuracy is limited due to reliance on extreme data points. The Scatterplot method provides a visual representation of the relationship between cost and activity, helping identify patterns and potential outliers; however, its results may vary due to subjective judgment in determining the cost line. Meanwhile, the Least Squares method is considered the most accurate because it utilizes all available data to produce the best-fit regression line, although it requires more complex calculations and statistical understanding. Overall, the selection of the most suitable method depends on the objective of the analysis, data availability, and the level of accuracy required
Abstract:Central Java–West Java border communities live in a multicultural environment where Javanese and Sundanese cultures meet, forming distinctive multilingual communication practices. The use of Javanese, Sundanese, and Indonesian…
donesian in everyday life functions not only as a means of communication, but also as a representation of the community's social identity. This study aims to analyze the multilingual communication practices of Central Java–West Java border communities and to explain the role of language in representing community social identity. The study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a literature review method supported by social-contextual reflection. Data were obtained from various scientific sources discussing multilingual communication, social identity, intercultural communication, bilingualism, and multilingualism. The analysis was carried out through the stages of data reduction, theme categorization, meaning interpretation, and conclusion drawing. The findings show that border communities flexibly use Javanese, Sundanese, and Indonesian according to the context of interaction, social relations, and communication needs. The practices of code switching and code mixing are important parts of daily communication as forms of social and cultural adaptation. In addition, language use functions as a symbol of cultural identity, a means of identity negotiation, and a mechanism of social integration in a multicultural environment. The findings affirm that multilingual communication is a representation of dynamic social identity and reflects the ability of border communities to maintain social harmony amid cultural diversity.
Abstract:The purpose of this article is to investigate the methods by which Batak Toba women in Habeahan Naburahan Village, Samosir Regency, resist the concealed practice of marpariban matchmaking. As part of the Batak Toba kinship…
ip structure, Marpariban matching is a traditional practice that places women in a position where they are unable to select their life partners. A form of resistance that is not overtly articulated has emerged as a result of this. Information was gathered using descriptive qualitative methods such as in-depth interviews, documentation, and observation. Relevant data and information are provided by informants who are Batak Toba women in the village of Habeahan Naburahan who have firsthand experience with the Marpariban matchmaking practice and family members who participate in the customary matchmaking procedure. The findings and analysis revealed that the Batak Toba women in this hamlet oppose this matchmaking practice through covert resistance. Some of these behaviors are putting off arranged marriages for school or work reasons, using religious legitimacy as a reason to say no without directly confronting the person, formally accepting arranged marriages with a passive attitude and little emotional involvement, and not talking openly about marriage plans. James C. Scott's theory of resistance says that these activities show that there is concealed resistance, or a sort of resistance that happens while people follow the rules. This suggests that Batak Toba women tend to use subtle opposition as a tactic to preserve their independence inside the patriarchal system rather than openly rejecting the Marpariban norm
Abstract:This study aims to describe the group dynamics within the school environment, focusing on teacher collaboration and the implementation of group work among students at UPT SPNF Kota Medan. This descriptive research provides…
es an overview of how collaborative relationships among teachers develop and how group work is applied during the learning process. Data were collected through observations and questionnaires to obtain information related to interaction patterns, levels of participation, and the effectiveness of cooperation within the school setting. The findings indicate that teacher collaboration is in a good category and contributes significantly to creating a more conducive learning atmosphere. Additionally, the implementation of group work among students enhances their communication skills, responsibility, and social interaction. These results highlight that effective group dynamics play a crucial role in improving the quality of learning processes and outcomes in the school environmen