Abstract:Pemberlakuan Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 tentang Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana membawa perubahan penting dalam sistem pemidanaan Indonesia, termasuk pengaturan mengenai pengulangan tindak pidana sebagai dasar pemberatan…
beratan pidana. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis reformulasi pengaturan residivisme dalam KUHP Nasional sebagai dasar pemberatan pidana, khususnya dalam membangun pengaturan yang lebih jelas, sistematis, dan memberikan kepastian hukum. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif yang bersifat preskriptif dengan menelaah peraturan perundang-undangan dan bahan hukum yang relevan dengan pengaturan residivisme serta pemberatan pidana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaturan residivisme dalam KUHP lama melalui Pasal 486, Pasal 487, dan Pasal 488 memiliki karakter terbatas karena pemberatan dikaitkan dengan kelompok tindak pidana tertentu. Kondisi tersebut menimbulkan kompleksitas dalam penerapan dan membutuhkan identifikasi riwayat kriminal pelaku secara tepat. KUHP Nasional melalui Pasal 23 memberikan pengaturan yang lebih terstruktur mengenai pengulangan tindak pidana berdasarkan tenggang waktu dan karakteristik tindak pidana, sedangkan Pasal 58 huruf c menempatkan pengulangan tindak pidana sebagai faktor yang memperberat pidana dan Pasal 59 mengatur batas pemberatan paling banyak sepertiga dari maksimum ancaman pidana. Reformulasi tersebut memperlihatkan upaya memperjelas hubungan antara pengulangan tindak pidana dan pemberatan pidana. Namun, penerapannya tetap perlu memperhatikan proporsionalitas, kepastian hukum, tujuan pemidanaan, pembinaan, pencegahan pengulangan, dan reintegrasi sosial. Dengan demikian, reformulasi residivisme perlu diarahkan pada konstruksi yang konsisten dan terukur agar pemberatan pidana tidak hanya berorientasi pada penambahan berat sanksi, tetapi juga mendukung pencegahan residivisme. Pengaturan yang demikian diharapkan mampu memberikan pedoman yang lebih pasti bagi hakim dan aparat penegak hukum dalam menerapkan pemberatan terhadap pelaku yang mengulangi tindak pidana.
The enactment of Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code has brought important changes in the Indonesian penal system, including regulations regarding the repetition of criminal acts as the basis for criminal charges. This study aims to analyze the reformulation of recidivism regulations in the National Criminal Code as the basis for criminal charges, especially in building clearer, systematic, and more legal certainty regulations. This research uses a prescriptive normative legal research method by examining laws and regulations and legal materials relevant to the regulation of recidivism and criminal charges. The results of the study show that the regulation of recidivism in the old Criminal Code through Article 486, Article 487, and Article 488 has a limited character because the charges are associated with certain groups of criminal acts. This condition creates complexity in implementation and requires proper identification of the criminal history of the perpetrator. The National Criminal Code through Article 23 provides a more structured regulation regarding the repetition of criminal acts based on the grace period and characteristics of the criminal act, while Article 58 letter c places the repetition of criminal acts as a factor that aggravates the crime and Article 59 regulates the limit of the aggravation of a maximum of one-third of the maximum criminal threat. The reformulation shows an effort to clarify the relationship between the repetition of a criminal act and the aggravation of a criminal offense. However, its application still needs to pay attention to proportionality, legal certainty, the purpose of criminalization, coaching, prevention of repetition, and social reintegration. Thus, the reformulation of recidivism needs to be directed at a consistent and measurable construction so that criminal repetition is not only oriented towards increasing the severity of sanctions, but also supports the prevention of recidivism. Such an arrangement is expected to be able to provide a more definite guideline for judges and law enforcement officials in applying the burden to perpetrators who repeat criminal acts.
Abstract:Pengakuan terhadap hukum yang hidup dalam masyarakat dalam Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana nasional membuka ruang baru bagi penempatan sanksi pidana adat Nias, khususnya Ogauta, dalam sistem pemidanaan Indonesia. Masalah…
h penelitian terletak pada ketegangan antara pengakuan kearifan lokal, asas legalitas, dan kewajiban negara melindungi hak asasi manusia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan kasus, serta menelaah Fondrakö dan Ogauta melalui literatur hukum adat Nias. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Ogauta tidak berkedudukan sebagai rezim pemidanaan yang berdiri sendiri, melainkan dapat memperoleh pengakuan secara bersyarat sebagai pemenuhan kewajiban adat apabila memenuhi Pasal 2, Pasal 66, Pasal 96, dan Pasal 597 KUHP, sebagaimana disesuaikan melalui Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2026, serta kriteria Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 55 Tahun 2025. Penelitian ini menawarkan Model Uji Tiga Lapis yang mencakup uji eksistensi adat, uji legalitas nasional, dan uji konstitusionalitas serta hak asasi manusia untuk menentukan apakah suatu bentuk Ogauta dapat diintegrasikan, perlu ditransformasikan, atau tidak dapat diakui dalam sistem pemidanaan nasional.
The recognition of living law in Indonesia's national Criminal Code creates a new legal space for positioning Nias customary criminal sanctions, particularly Ogauta, within the national sentencing system. The central problem is the tension between recognition of local wisdom, the principle of legality, and the state's obligation to protect human rights. This research applies normative legal research using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches, while examining Fondrakö and Ogauta through scholarly literature on Nias customary law. The study finds that Ogauta does not operate as an autonomous criminal punishment regime. It may receive conditional recognition as the fulfillment of customary obligations only when it complies with Articles 2, 66, 96, and 597 of the Criminal Code, as adjusted by Law Number 1 of 2026, and with the criteria stipulated by Government Regulation Number 55 of 2025. The article proposes a Three-Layer Review Model consisting of an existence test, a national legality test, and a constitutional and human rights test to determine whether a particular Ogauta sanction can be integrated, requires normative transformation, or cannot be recognized within the national sentencing system.
Abstract:This paper discusses environmental damage due to mining activities in Indonesia. Mining activities are used as regional economic income that can change the poverty line of an area. However, the implementation of mining activities…
ctivities has not been optimal as a whole. Many mining companies dispose of their company's waste not according to procedures that have an impact on various parties, not only on the sustainability of environmental ecosystems, but also on the lives of people living around mining areas, including eliminating the livelihood of local residents as fishermen, damaging aquatic biota and air pollution. So that the existence and position of environmental law is questioned because it is considered lower than mining law. A healthy environment is a must in the fulfillment of human rights, as well as environmental human rights. The purpose of this study is to determine the position of environmental law in mining activities and the impact that occurs due to waste disposal in residential areas. So the steps that need to be taken are strict supervision for supervisors who have authority over mining activities and also take action and impose strict sanctions for companies that damage the environment due to mining waste
Abstract:Increasing the legal responsibility of hospitals in the management of drugs and medical devices is a strategic step in improving the quality of health services and protecting patient rights. Hospitals have an obligation…
to ensure that all drugs and medical devices used meet the standards of safety, effectiveness, and compliance with applicable regulations. Good governance includes distribution supervision, stock management, and usage control, which serve to minimise risks to patients. In addition, improper management can potentially lead to legal consequences in the form of sanctions or prosecution. Overall, strengthening the legal responsibility of hospitals is an important element in creating a safer, more efficient and reliable healthcare system in accordance with regulatory standards and medical ethics.
Abstract:The increasing development of technology and information provides a number of benefits and negative impacts. The spread of fake news (hoaxes) is one of the cases that often occurs in Indonesia. Perpetrators of spreading…
fake news use social media as a platform for spreading fake news. Regarding the spread of fake news, it is regulated in Law Number 1946, the Criminal Code, and the ITE Law of 2016. The urgency in several of these policies includes law enforcement factors, the benefits of law for society, as community control, and not giving rise to multiple interpretations and realizing justice. This research uses a type of normative juridical research. The data collection technique used is library research. The analysis used is a normative analysis method. This research shows the urgency of several policies that regulate the spread of fake news in Indonesia.
Abstract:Penelitian ini menganalisis penerapan sanksi disiplin kerja terhadap pelanggaran karyawan di PT. Pouchen Indonesia serta kesesuaiannya dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan. Metode yang digunakan…
an adalah penelitian hukum empiris dengan pendekatan yuridis-empiris melalui observasi, wawancara, dan studi kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pelanggaran yang paling sering terjadi meliputi keterlambatan, ketidakhadiran tanpa keterangan, ketidakpatuhan terhadap SOP dan penggunaan APD, serta pelanggaran ringan lain yang bersifat berulang. Penyebabnya antara lain jarak tempat tinggal, kurangnya pemahaman aturan, rendahnya kesadaran disiplin, dan pengawasan yang belum merata. Perusahaan menerapkan sanksi secara bertahap, mulai teguran lisan, Surat Peringatan I, II, III, hingga Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja sebagai langkah terakhir, yang selalu didahului pencatatan, klarifikasi, dan kesempatan membela diri. Penerapan sanksi tersebut telah sesuai dengan Pasal 108, Pasal 111, Pasal 151 ayat (1), dan Pasal 161 UU Nomor 13 Tahun 2003, sehingga tidak ditemukan pemotongan upah tanpa dasar maupun sanksi sewenang-wenang. Dengan demikian, sistem sanksi disiplin di PT. Pouchen Indonesia telah mencerminkan asas kepastian hukum, keadilan, dan perlindungan hak pekerja.
This study analyzes the application of work discipline sanctions for employee violations at PT. Pouchen Indonesia and their conformity with Law No. 13 of 2003 concerning Manpower. It employs empirical legal research with a juridical-empirical approach through observation, interviews, and library research. The findings show that the most frequent violations include tardiness, unexcused absence, non-compliance with SOP and PPE use, and other minor repeated violations. The causes include distance from residence, lack of understanding of regulations, low disciplinary awareness, and uneven supervision. The company applies sanctions progressively, from verbal warning, Warning Letters I, II, III, to Termination of Employment as the final step, always preceded by recording, clarification, and the right of defense. The application conforms to Articles 108, 111, 151 paragraph (1), and 161 of Law No. 13 of 2003, with no unlawful wage deductions or arbitrary sanctions found. Thus, the disciplinary sanction system at PT. Pouchen Indonesia reflects the principles of legal certainty, justice, and protection of workers' rights.
Abstract:Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh maraknya pelanggaran Persetujuan Lingkungan dalam kegiatan pertambangan nikel di Kabupaten Luwu Timur yang berdampak pada kerusakan ekologis, sementara penjatuhan sanksi administratif…
belum memberikan efek jera. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas penegakan sanksi administratif, mengidentifikasi kendala hukum, serta merumuskan solusi penegakan hukum lingkungan di daerah. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan sanksi masih didominasi oleh teguran tertulis dan tindakan perbaikan teknis. Hambatan utama bersumber dari resentralisasi wewenang pasca-Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja, keterbatasan personel pengawas bersertifikasi, dan gugatan korporasi ke Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara. Sebagai solusi, penelitian ini merumuskan pengoptimalan rekomendasi Berita Acara Pengawasan ke pusat, penerapan prinsip pencemar membayar (polluter pays principle), peluncuran Program Penilaian Peringkat Kinerja Perusahaan dalam Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup (PROPER) daerah, penggunaan diskresi darurat, serta pembentukan Satuan Tugas Terpadu lintas yurisdiksi. Solusi ini menjadi langkah strategis untuk menguatkan kolaborasi kelembagaan dan menjamin kelestarian lingkungan yang berkelanjutan.
This study is motivated by widespread violations of Environmental Approvals in nickel mining activities in East Luwu Regency, resulting in ecological damage, while administrative sanctions have failed to provide a deterrent effect. This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of administrative sanction enforcement, identify legal obstacles, and formulate environmental law enforcement solutions at the regional level. The method employed is normative legal research utilizing statutory and conceptual approaches. The results indicate that sanction implementation is still dominated by written warnings and technical corrective actions. Primary obstacles stem from the recentralization of authority post-Job Creation Law, a shortage of certified supervisory personnel, and corporate lawsuits filed with the State Administrative Court. As a solution, this study proposes optimizing Supervision Minutes recommendations to the central government, applying the polluter pays principle, launching regional Company Performance Rating Programs in Environmental Management (PROPER), utilizing emergency discretion, and establishing a cross-jurisdictional Integrated Task Force. These solutions serve as strategic steps to strengthen institutional collaboration and ensure sustainable environmental protection.
Abstract:The legal outreach activity themed "Synchronization of the Mayor Regulation on Administrative Sanctions for Violations of Public Order and Peace in Yogyakarta City" aimed to enhance legal understanding and implementation…
capacity of the municipal police (Satpol PP). The discussions and interactive sessions highlighted the urgent need to harmonize and update the substance of the current regulation to align with good governance principles and ensure clear and proportional enforcement. Key challenges identified included weak regulatory structure, lack of technical guidelines, and limited objection mechanisms for affected citizens. The activity also produced normative recommendations in the form of a draft regulatory formulation, covering violation classification, types of administrative sanctions, sanction procedures, and appeal mechanisms. This outreach underlines the importance of a collaborative approach between academics and practitioners in formulating effective and just local legal policies.
Abstract:This article examines the role of environmental law as a key instrument in sustainable tourism development in South Lampung Regency. Tourism significantly contributes to regional economic growth through increased investment,…
ent, employment opportunities, and community welfare. However, the development of this sector is often accompanied by environmental degradation due to weak ecologically sound management. This research uses normative legal methods with legislative, conceptual, and comparative legal approaches to analyze the role of environmental law as an instrument for realizing sustainable tourism in South Lampung.
The research method used in this study is a qualitative approach with a library research method with a normative legal approach. This research is qualitative normative, which emphasizes the analysis of legal norms. Data collection techniques are carried out through documentation analysis by identifying, reviewing, and interpreting legal sources, relevant literature, legal sources used include, Books, Law Number 32 of 2009 concerning environmental protection and management, Law Number 10 of 2009 concerning Tourism, and Government Regulation Number 27 of 2012 concerning Environmental Permits. Then a descriptive-analytical and thematic analysis is carried out, by grouping data into main themes and then drawing conclusions from a general to specific problem, in this case regarding Environmental Law as an Instrument for Realizing Sustainable Tourism in South Lampung.
The results of this study indicate that environmental law plays a fundamental role as a controlling instrument in realizing sustainable tourism in South Lampung Regency. Through the implementation of legal instruments such as environmental impact analysis (EIA), environmental permits, the precautionary principle, and the enforcement of legal sanctions, tourism activities can be directed to prevent ecosystem damage.
Abstract:The authority of local governments in environmental protection, management, and law enforcement is exercised within the framework of regional autonomy in Indonesia. Under Law Number 23 of 2014 and Law Number 32 of 2009,…
environmental affairs have been decentralized as mandatory governmental functions under the authority of provincial and regency/municipal governments. This study employs a normative juridical research method, utilizing secondary data in the form of statutory regulations and legal literature. The findings indicate that regional autonomy provides local governments with greater capacity to understand and respond to the objective environmental conditions of their respective regions. Environmental law enforcement is implemented through administrative sanctions, criminal sanctions, and civil liability based on the principle of strict liability. The role of local governments is therefore crucial in ensuring the sustainability of environmental functions and in safeguarding community welfare through effective environmental governance.