Abstract:The rights of justice collaborators (JCs) to obtain sentence reductions in murder cases remain inconsistently applied within Indonesia’s criminal justice system. This research addresses three core issues: the normative legal…
legal basis for JC rights, the consistency of judicial decisions in granting those rights, and the necessity for legal reform. Using a normative juridical approach supported by document analysis and expert interviews, the study examines Law No. 31/2014, SEMA No. 4/2011, and recent judicial decisions, including the high-profile cases of Richard Eliezer and Abdul Khoir. Findings reveal that while legal provisions exist, the absence of detailed indicators, formal mechanisms for status determination, and binding multi-institutional coordination leads to implementation gaps. Judicial discretion remains unchecked, resulting in unequal treatment of justice collaborators with similar contributions. The study concludes that a lex specialis law is urgently needed to standardize definitions, evaluation mechanisms, and inter-agency protection schemes. Recommendations include harmonization of technical norms, incorporation of JC recognition in verdicts, and alignment with UNCAC and UNTOC standards. This would strengthen legal certainty, uphold the principle of nulla poena sine lege, and enhance the effectiveness of the criminal justice system in addressing serious crimes through systemic cooperation.
Abstract:Justice collaborators, or "crown witnesses," have become essential in modern criminal justice systems, particularly in dismantling organized crime and uncovering complex murder cases. This study explores the legal protections…
tions afforded to justice collaborators in Indonesia through a doctrinal analysis of the Supreme Court Decision No. 1704 K/PID.SUS/2022, commonly known as the Richard Eliezer verdict. The objective is to critically examine the adequacy and application of legal safeguards provided to individuals who cooperate with law enforcement while implicated in serious crimes. Employing normative legal research methods and a statutory and case approach, the paper reveals discrepancies in the implementation of protections for justice collaborators. While the Indonesian Witness and Victim Protection Agency (LPSK) offers procedural protections, this analysis identifies significant gaps in enforcement, judicial interpretation, and institutional coordination. The findings underscore a need for stronger legislative frameworks and consistent judicial standards to uphold the rights and safety of justice collaborators. The implications extend to criminal law reform and the balancing of retributive justice with restorative mechanisms. This study contributes to the legal discourse on human rights protections in criminal procedure, particularly concerning vulnerable individuals assisting the justice system under duress or threat.
Abstract:This study analyzes the judicial reasoning behind Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Sidoarjo No. 199/Pid.Sus/2023/PN Sda, a landmark decision involving corporate criminal liability for environmental violations in Indonesia. The…
case centers on PT Surya Prima Semesta’s illegal disposal of hazardous waste (fly ash and bottom ash) without an environmental permit, resulting in the prosecution of its corporate director. Employing a normative juridical method, the research examines the court’s application of doctrines such as strict liability and identification theory within the framework of Law No. 32 of 2009 on Environmental Protection and Management. The findings show that the court adopted a formalistic, text-based legal reasoning model, treating permit violations as inherently punishable acts regardless of actual environmental harm. While the decision reinforces regulatory compliance and affirms corporate culpability, it lacks engagement with broader organizational responsibility and foundational environmental law principles like the precautionary principle and sustainability. This study argues for a more integrated doctrinal approach one that balances rule-based logic with value-oriented reasoning to enhance legal consistency, advance environmental justice, and align Indonesia’s corporate accountability framework with international standards.
Abstract:Health workers are 1.5 times higher risk of work accidents compared to other professions, with 90% of incidents occurring in developing countries. WHO noted that 3 million out of 35 million health workers are exposed to…
blood pathogens, increasing the risk of HIV (0.4%), HBV (27-37%), and HCV (3-10%). One of Health center accreditation purpose is to makesure safety to both health workers and patient. In 2023, out of 37 health centers in Semarang, 36 health centers (97.3%) achieved “Plenary” accreditation and 1 Health Center (2.7%) achieved “Main” accreditation. The purpous of this study are to To determine the current OSH practice and determine OSH aspect that needs improvement based on Health Ministry Regulation No.52 of 2018. qualitative methods with a case study design. Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) management at Padangsari Health Center was evaluated based on 92 indicators from three main aspects. In the OHS management criteria, 14 out of 23 indicators (60.9%) have been met. For OSH standards, 45 out of 61 indicators (73.8%) have been met. Meanwhile, 8 indicators related to OSH training, reporting, and recording have all been met. Although Padangsari Health Center has achieved "Main" accreditation with an achievement of 72.8%, further efforts are still needed to meet at least 80% of the assessment indicators in order to obtain the highest accreditation, namely "Plenary". It is recommended to improve indicators, especially in improving OHS planning, strengthening supervision, ensuring staff compliance with SOPs, and evaluating the effectiveness of OSH implementation in the future.
Abstract:According to the Jambi City Health Service Profile in 2021-2022, Putri Ayu Health Center is one of the inpatient health centers in Jambi City which is also acontributes the largest amount of medical waste with the amount…
of waste is 615 kg out of a total of 7804.1 kg of medical waste from health centers in Jambi City, so it has the potential to spread disease if medical waste is not managed properly. This research uses qualitative research methods with a descriptive approach. Data was obtained from 8 informants by conducting in-depth interviews and observations in May 2023 - April 2024 using qualitative research data analysis software. In the input aspect (1) Human Resources in the quantity aspect are sufficient, while the qualifications are not appropriate because they come from general administration. (2) Facilities and infrastructure are not sufficient and if there is damage, goods will be procured and reported to envinronmental health authority. Meanwhile, in the process aspect (3) Sorting is carried out by each waste producing poly unit by labeling the type of waste, date and poly, (4) The container used at the Putri Ayu Public Health Center meets the standards of Minister of Health Regulation Number 18 of 2020 (5) Transportation is carried out more than once every 2 days by PT Anggrek (6). Storage is carried out at TPS with a time span of 2-3 days at the latest. There are still input aspects that do not comply with standards (in the case of this research, namely the quality of human resources) causing disruption to process aspects, such as less than optimal management performance in managing medical waste in the container, transport and storage processes.
Abstract:Risk based audit (RBA) is an approach that is increasingly being applied in the banking sector to increase the effectiveness of risk management and compliance with regulations. This approach helps banks identify high-risk…
k areas and prioritize audits according to the level of risk. This research uses qualitative methods with a literature research approach. Data sources consist of scientific journal articles, books, reports and documents related to risk-based and banking audits. Research findings show that the RBA has several key roles in improving banking performance. First, RBA improves operational efficiency and effectiveness by focusing audits on high-risk areas. Second, the RBA enables banks to proactively identify and manage risks, thereby strengthening financial and operational stability. Third, the RBA ensures that banks are more compliant with regulations and industry standards, reducing the risk of sanctions and fines. In addition, the implementation of RBA encourages the formation of a strong risk management culture and the use of information technology to support the risk management process. Risk based audit plays a significant role in improving banking performance. By improving operational efficiency, managing risk proactively, ensuring regulatory compliance, establishing a strong risk management culture, and leveraging technology, banks can achieve stability and better performance in the long term. These findings support the importance of implementing RBA as the main strategy in risk management and supervision in the banking sector.
Abstract:Curriculum development cannot be separated from various aspects that influence it. Various curriculum models have been developed by curriculum, education and psychology experts. The curriculum development model is an alternative…
ernative procedure for designing, implementing and evaluating a curriculum. Therefore, the curriculum development model must be able to describe a learning planning system process that can meet various needs and standards of educational success. This research aims to examine curriculum development models and their implementation in schools. In this article the author uses library research or what could be called qualitative research which obtains data from appropriate journals, articles and books. In the search, researchers will collect as much information as possible from related libraries. These library sources can be obtained from: books, journals, magazines, research results such as theses and dissertations, and other appropriate sources. If researchers have obtained relevant literature, it will be compiled regularly for use in research. The research results found that in developing the curriculum, teachers can choose several models including the Tyler Model, Administrative Model, Grassroots Approach Model, Demonstration Model, Beauchamp System Model or Beauchamp Model, Roger Model, Problem Solving Model and Taba Reverse Model. Curriculum development procedures include curriculum planning, curriculum organization, staff placement, and curriculum control. Meanwhile, curriculum implementation is the process of applying ideas, concepts, policies, in the form of practical actions, so that it creates impacts, both in the form of changes in students' knowledge, skills, as well as values and attitudes. The success of curriculum implementation is also determined by communication about the implementation plan and support from all resources in implementation.
Abstract:Preventive Maintenance, Predictive Maintenance, Corrective Maintenance in induction motor 3 phase is one of the equipment that is highly used to support the various processes. In general, induction motors are used to rotate…
ate pumps, blowers or compressors. Maintenance is a combination of various action taken to maintain an asset and repairs that is always in a ready to use condition to carry out productivity effectively and efficiently in accordance with standards. To improve the performance of the generator in the PLTU, and maintain the working performance of the motor routine maintenance needs to be carried out. Motor maintenance is one of the most important things to increase the reliability of the production process in an industry. In various industrial activities which are full of exciting processes, motor motors are one of the equipment or tools that are highly used to support these various processes. In large industries, induction motor, are the main control for driving other equipment.
Abstract:The purpose of community service which raised the title of Assistance in Making Standard Operating Procedure Flow Diagrams for Cimahi City Drinking Water BLUD Cash Receipts to improve the financial performance of Cimahi…
City Drinking Water BLUD, one of the things that is of concern is that there are differences in data between the Revenue Treasurer and the Accounting Department. While the accounting department is duty to provide financial statement data to DPKP Cimahi City which will then be consolidated to BPKAD Cimahi City. When the accounting department reconciles data with BPKAD, there is different income data between BAPPENDA and BPKAD. This happened because there was no data reconciliation first between the revenue treasurer and the Accounting Section of the Cimahi City Drinking Water BLUD before the data was provided to interested parties. So far, BLUD Drinking Water uses SOPs that have not been updated. The problem occurred because the Cash Receipt SOP had not been updated and had not complied with the SOP preparation standards set by the local government. Needed to create a new Cash Receipt SOP so that the data provided by the Revenue Treasurer or Accounting Section becomes one vote. The methods used in preparing SOP are interviews, observations, and literature studies. The result of the community service carried out is that there is an excel format of the latest Cash Receipt SOP even though it has not been ratified because it is still waiting for the completion of SOP in other divisions.
Abstract:This study evaluates the umrah service policy implemented by the Regional Office of the Ministry of Religious Affairs of Maluku Province. The research was motivated by the need to ensure that umrah services provide protection,…
ction, convenience, administrative certainty, and equitable access for prospective pilgrims in an archipelagic province. A qualitative descriptive approach was used. Data were collected through observation, document review, and in-depth interviews with officials and employees involved in umrah service management at the Regional Office during August-October 2023. The analysis applies six public-policy evaluation criteria: effectiveness, efficiency, adequacy, equity, responsiveness, and appropriateness. The findings show that the policy has generally met the six criteria. Effectiveness is reflected in administrative preparation, document control, security, and comfort before departure, during the stay in Saudi Arabia, and during return. Efficiency is shown through the use of available resources, a service process of approximately three to ten days, and continuous monitoring of travel providers. Adequacy is reflected in supervision of facilities, accommodation, safety standards, information, and complaint mechanisms. Equity is pursued through equal access, affordable costs, gender sensitivity, and protection of pilgrims. Responsiveness appears in rapid responses to complaints, emergency coordination, and service improvement based on feedback. Appropriateness is demonstrated through compliance with Islamic values, business ethics, regulations, and Saudi Arabian procedures. The study implies that digital registration, transparent quota management, cost audits, emergency response teams, and certified service personnel are needed to strengthen umrah service governance.