Abstract:Blockchain technology is touted for democratizing supply chains, but 30–40% of smallholder farmers are excluded from fair market participation due to information gaps and power imbalances. The first complete empirical examination…
examination of blockchain's capacity to empower disadvantaged farmers in Global South agri-food systems. The paper examines 15 large-scale implementations, including Kenyan coffee cooperatives and Indian dairy collectives, using a rigorous mixed-methods methodology. Technical scalability in resource-limited situations, governance structures that promote meaningful multi-stakeholder engagement, and quantifiable inclusion results for small-scale farmers are thoroughly examined. Comparative case study, agent-based adoption modeling, and quasi-experimental effect evaluation by Propensity Score matching reveal that blockchain's potential is not automatic nor inherent in eight nations. Techno-institutional synergy, not technological complexity, improves democracy, the research shows. Hybrid governance systems with farmer-controlled validator nodes and tokenized decision-making rights enhanced smallholder involvement by 58% and premium retention by 78% over corporate-controlled systems. However, technologically sophisticated deployments without institutional expertise frequently increase power concentration and exclusion. The blockchain viability index helps identify optimal deployment conditions for different commodities, empirical evidence challenges the idea that decentralization automatically promotes inclusion, and the inclusion-by-design framework helps policymakers embed equitable principles into decentralized agri-tech from the start. This study shows food system digitization practitioners and scholars that genuine democratization occurs when technology drives institutional transformation.
Abstract:The increased integration of operational technology (OT), Internet of Things (IoT), and business IT systems has allowed sophisticated attackers to circumvent isolated security features and launch cross-platform assaults.…
Current fragmented techniques, with discrete detectors monitoring Modbus, Kubernetes, MQTT, or other domain-specific protocols, cannot handle cross-system risks. These methodologies overlook 68% of multi-vector marketing that uses both physical and digital channels. This study introduces a transfer learning architecture to integrate detection capabilities by correlating threats across protocols, devices, and settings. The architecture generates a unified feature space that extracts behavioral semantics from industrial control system logs, cloud telemetry, network traffic, and device-level signals to produce protocol-agnostic threat representations. Adversarial domain adaptation and semantic graph embeddings enable cross-domain knowledge transfer with minimum retraining. Security teams may now discover kill chains like infected cloud containers preceding illegal PLC command execution every 23 minutes. Validated against real-world attack datasets from water treatment facilities (OT) and cloud infrastructure (IT), the system achieved 93.4% cross-platform attack recall, a 41.3 percentage point improvement over prior methodologies. It reduced OT data labeling by 89% and false positives by 93.5%. This paradigm shift transforms threat correlation from a reactive, domain-specific process to adaptive intelligence, boosting resilience for critical infrastructure, industrial ecosystems, and smart environments facing cyber-physical hazards. The framework's practical validation in energy, industry, and vital infrastructure shows its importance in protecting an increasingly linked world.
Abstract:The development of digital technology has transformed consumer consumption patterns, particularly in the fashion industry, which is increasingly dominated by e-commerce platforms. Shopee, as one of the largest marketplaces…
es in Southeast Asia, has become a primary choice for consumers when shopping for fashion products. One factor influencing consumer purchasing decisions is the availability of online reviews on the platform. This study aims to analyze the role of online reviews as a mediating variable in fashion product purchasing decisions on Shopee. Online reviews serve as a source of information that helps consumers evaluate product quality, seller reputation, and the level of satisfaction of previous users. The research method used was a quantitative approach, distributing questionnaires to Shopee consumers who had previously purchased fashion products. The collected data was then analyzed using a path analysis model to examine the direct and indirect relationships between factors influencing purchasing decisions. The results show that online reviews play a significant role as a mediator in the decision-making process. Consumers tend to trust other users' real-life experiences more than solely the seller's product description. Positive reviews increase consumer interest and confidence in a product, while negative reviews can delay or even cancel a purchase decision. These findings confirm that the presence of online reviews is not only a supporting factor but also serves as a bridge, mediating the relationship between consumer perceptions of a product and the final purchase decision. The implication of this research is that sellers on Shopee need to pay attention to product and service quality to generate positive reviews, thereby increasing purchase conversion rates.
Abstract:This study investigates the impact of job preferences on self-perceived employability (SPE) among university graduates in Bandung, Indonesia. Unemployment in Indonesia, particularly among fresh graduates, has highlighted…
structural issues in the labor market, including skill mismatches and insufficient job creation. Job preferences, including factors such as salary, work-life balance, and career development, are crucial in determining an individual’s ability to secure desirable employment. This research, based on a sample of 280 graduates from various universities, reveals that well-defined and realistic job preferences positively influence SPE. The analysis shows a significant and strong relationship between job preferences and employability, with a high path coefficient (0.986) and a T-statistics value far exceeding the significance threshold. The results highlight the importance of aligning personal career goals with market demands, enhancing individuals’ self-confidence in their employability. Educational institutions also play a key role in shaping job preferences and employability by providing skills that match labor market needs. The study underscores the need for better integration between education and industry to improve graduates’ market readiness. Universities in Bandung should integrate skill training aligned with labor market demands, career guidance, industry trend seminars, and job search strategies to ensure graduates possess relevant preferences and skills for the workforce. This study employed the Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) method to analyze the factors influencing graduate employability preferences. As a recommendation, higher education institutions and policymakers should emphasize industry collaboration and adopt policies that enhance graduates’ readiness for the evolving job market.
Abstract:Public procurement plays a pivotal role in driving economic development, particularly in developing nations like Ghana, where government spending accounts for a substantial 70% of the national budget, significantly impacting…
ting GDP. This study critically examines the impact of public procurement reforms, notably the Public Procurement Act of 2003 (Act 663) and its subsequent amendments, on Ghana's economic trajectory. These reforms were strategically implemented to enhance transparency, accountability, and efficiency in public resource management. Analysis of key indicators reveals a mixed landscape of outcomes. While the Act has demonstrably improved procurement processes, reduced instances of corruption by a significant 25%, and streamlined public spending efficiency by 15% over the past decade, persistent challenges remain. These include inadequate institutional capacity, inconsistent enforcement of legal frameworks, and limited stakeholder engagement, collectively hindering the full realization of the reforms' transformative potential. Employing a mixed-methods approach, including secondary data analysis and in-depth interviews with government officials, procurement professionals, and civil society representatives, this study provides critical insights. While procurement reforms have made tangible contributions to economic growth evident in an estimated 10% annual savings in government expenditure significant enhancements are imperative in areas such as capacity building, regulatory enforcement, and fostering robust public-private collaboration. The study concludes with a set of actionable recommendations for stakeholders, including the imperative to strengthen institutional frameworks, promote ethical procurement practices, and cultivate inclusive stakeholder engagement. These measures are crucial for maximizing the impact of procurement reforms and ensuring sustainable economic development in Ghana.
Abstract:The digitalization of Human Resource Management (HRM) at PT. Semen Indonesia Unit Tonasa has significantly transformed the company’s HR operations, improving efficiency and effectiveness across various HR functions. Located…
cated in Makassar, PT. Semen Indonesia Unit Tonasa, a major player in the cement manufacturing industry, faced challenges in managing its large and diverse workforce, including slow recruitment processes, inconsistent performance evaluations, and inefficient data management. To address these challenges, the company adopted cloud-based HR management systems, automated recruitment tools, and performance management software, allowing for real-time monitoring and data-driven decision-making. The results of this digital transformation were notable: recruitment time was reduced by 30%, performance evaluations became more transparent and objective, and employee engagement increased through self-service portals and online learning platforms. The integration of real-time data analytics enabled HR managers to make more informed decisions, aligning HR practices with organizational goals. Despite facing resistance to change and technical challenges related to system integration, the company effectively managed the transition through comprehensive training and ongoing support. This study demonstrates how digital tools can optimize HR processes, enhance employee satisfaction, and improve organizational performance. The success of PT. Semen Indonesia Unit Tonasa’s digital HR implementation provides valuable insights for other organizations seeking to modernize their HR functions in an increasingly digital and competitive environment
Abstract:Financing is a provider of funding facilities to meet the needs of parties who are deficit units. This research was conducted to analyze the financing system of Bank Muamalat Indonesia KCU Makassar for UMKM actors in Makassar…
assar City and to analyze the benefits of UMKM actors in Makassar City through Bank Muamalat Indonesia KCU Makassar financing. The type of research conducted in this research is a type of qualitative research with a sociological-normative approach. The source of the research data is the Muamalat Indonesia KCU Makassar bank. Data collection used interviews and documentation and data analysis techniques used descriptive qualitative analysis and triangulation of data sources. The results of the study show that the procedures for submitting financing to Bank Muamalat Indonesia KCU Makassar prioritize unity, balance, freedom and primarily responsibility. The financing schemes that are often used by Bank Muamalat Indonesia KCU Makassar are mudharabah and musyarakah financing. Benefit can be created by Bank Muamalat Indonesia KCU Makassar for UMKM actors with patterns or implementation of contracts on products that are very much in favor so that the implementation of the benefits of Bank Muamalat Indonesia KCU Makassar has realized in its implementation the financing process for UMKM actors.
Abstract:This study aims to determine the expenditure performance of the District Planning Agency. Majene in the Budget Realization Report regarding the difference between spending and the budget, spending growth, spending efficiency…
ency and how capital expenditures and operations are being carried out. This research is a quantitative descriptive study, the data used is secondary data in the form of a report on the realization of the Regional Planning Agency's budget for the 2018-2020 fiscal year in Kab. Majene. The analytical techniques used are analysis of spending variance, analysis of spending growth, analysis of spending efficiency, and shopping compatibility. The results of this study indicate that the results of the analysis of the expenditure variance in 2018 - 2020 expenditure performance are considered good even though in 2018 the level of budget realization is very low, which is only 22% compared to the following year. Analysis of spending growth in 2018 – 2019 increased by 362%. Meanwhile, in 2019-2020, it actually decreased by 37% percent from last year. Expenditure efficiency analysis in 2018 the level of budget efficiency is 22%, in 2019 the level of budget efficiency is 98%, and in 2020 the level of budget efficiency is 95%. Although in 2018 the level of budget efficiency is still relatively good because it does not exceed the total budget target or the level of budget efficiency is above 100%. The compatibility analysis, namely the analysis of capital expenditures on total expenditures, shows that in 2018 the level of capital expenditure was only 1%, in 2019 it was only 2% and in 2020 it was only 1%. As for the analysis of operating expenses in 2018 it was 99%, in 2019 it was 98%, and in 2020 it was 99%.
Abstract:Perkembangan pesat teknologi Artificial Intelligence (AI) telah mengubah lanskap pendidikan tinggi secara signifikan, terutama dengan hadirnya tutor virtual berbasis AI yang mampu memberikan umpan balik cepat, tepat, dan…
personal. Analisis Real merupakan salah satu mata kuliah yang paling menantang dalam program pendidikan matematika karena sifat abstraknya sering menyebabkan rendahnya self-efficacy mahasiswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh pemanfaatan AI sebagai tutor virtual terhadap self-efficacy mahasiswa Pendidikan Matematika Universitas Asahan yang menempuh mata kuliah Analisis Real. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain quasi-experimental one-group pretest-posttest, melibatkan 15 mahasiswa yang dipilih melalui purposive sampling. Instrumen angket self-efficacy dikembangkan berdasarkan tiga dimensi Bandura (magnitude, strength, generality), divalidasi melalui expert judgment dengan Cronbach’s Alpha sebesar 0,84. Hasil analisis deskriptif menunjukkan peningkatan rata-rata skor self-efficacy dari 65,67 (pre-test, kategori sedang) menjadi 79,93 (post-test, kategori tinggi), dengan peningkatan sebesar 21,7%. Uji Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test menghasilkan nilai Z = −3,408 dengan p-value = 0,001 (p < 0,05), yang mengkonfirmasi terdapat perbedaan signifikan self-efficacy mahasiswa sebelum dan sesudah intervensi enam minggu menggunakan AI tutor virtual.
The rapid development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology has significantly transformed higher education, particularly through AI-based virtual tutors capable of providing fast, precise, and personalized feedback. Real Analysis, one of the most challenging mathematics education courses, frequently causes low self-efficacy among students due to its abstract nature and demands for formal proof-writing. This study examines the effect of utilizing AI as a virtual tutor on self-efficacy of mathematics education students at Universitas Asahan. A quantitative quasi-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design was employed with 15 students selected via purposive sampling. The self-efficacy questionnaire was based on Bandura’s three dimensions: magnitude, strength, and generality, validated by expert judgment with Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient of 0.84. Descriptive analysis results showed an increase in mean self-efficacy scores from 65.67 (pre-test, moderate category) to 79.93 (post-test, high category), representing a 21.7% improvement. The Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test yielded Z = −3.408 with p-value = 0.001 (p < 0.05), confirming a significant difference in student self-efficacy before and after the six-week AI virtual tutor intervention.
Abstract:Masalah pengelolaan parkir di Politeknik Jambi sering menyebabkan ketidakefisienan akibat sistem penghitungan manual yang rentan human error. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang sistem penghitungan kendaraan otomatis berbasis…
asis pengolahan citra digital. Metode yang digunakan adalah Background Subtraction dengan algoritma MOG2 dan OpenCV menggunakan video kamera smartphone. Sistem mengintegrasikan proses preprocessing citra, operasi morfologi, dan Euclidean Distance Tracker untuk melacak serta menghitung kendaraan secara real-time. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sistem mampu membedakan kendaraan yang bergerak dengan objek statis secara akurat melalui Virtual Counting Line. Dengan beban komputasi yang ringan dan biaya rendah, sistem ini efektif menjadi solusi otomatisasi manajemen parkir di lingkungan kampus.
Parking management issues at Politeknik Jambi often lead to inefficiencies due to manual counting systems prone to human error. This study aims to design an automatic vehicle counting system based on digital image processing. The method utilizes Background Subtraction with the MOG2 algorithm and OpenCV using smartphone video input. The system integrates image preprocessing, morphological operations, and Euclidean Distance Tracker to track and count vehicles in real-time. The results demonstrate that the system can accurately distinguish between moving vehicles and static objects via a Virtual Counting Line. With low computational requirements and cost-effectiveness, this system offers an efficient automation solution for campus parking management.